Izhar halqi and Izhar Syafawi are included in the law of reading nun mati (نْ) or tanwin ( ـًـــٍـــٌ) and the letters mim mati ( م ) meet Hijaiyah letters. The meaning of Izhar in the science of recitation is clear pronunciation without a buzzing sound or ghunnah. Every reader of the Qur’an must understand the science of recitation, including the reading laws of Izhar Halqi and Izhar Syafawi.
However, these two concepts are fundamental topics in the science of recitation and are often encountered when reciting the Qur’an. The suggestion for learning tajwid is stated in surah Al Baqarah verse 121 as follows:
“Those whom We have given the Book (including the Qur’an) to them, they read it with the true reading, they believe in it” . ( QS. Al Baqarah [2]: 121 ).
The purpose of reading the Qur’an with the actual reading is reciting it according to the rules of tajwid. Because, without the rules of recitation, the reading of the holy verses of the Qur’an is off the mark and their meaning is no longer appropriate. Among the topics of recitation that must be mastered are the concepts of Izhar Halqi and Izhar Syafawi.
So, what is the meaning of Izhar halqi and Izhar Syafawi, along with examples in the Qur’an? For those of you who don’t know about the meaning of izhar Syafawi and its examples, then you can see the discussion in this article. So, read this article to the end, huh, Sinaumed’s.
Definition of Izhar Halqi and Izhar Syafawi
By definition, Izhar ( إظها) means clear or bright. Meanwhile, in terms, Izhar is a way of reading hijaiyah letters which are pronounced clearly without ghunnah or hum. Izhar occurs because the letters nun mati (نْ) or tanwin (ـًـــٍـــٌ) and mim mati (مْ) meet with the letters Izhar, the pronunciation is read clearly according to the makhraj.
First, Izhar halqi occurs when the letters nun mati (نْ) or tanwin (ـًـــٍـــٌ) meet the letters Izhar halqi. In this case, the letters Izhar halqi are pronounced clearly through the throat, consisting of ا (alif), ھ (Ha), غ (gho), ع (‘ain), خ (kho), ح (ha), and ء ( hamzah).
Second, izhar syafawi occurs when the letters mim breadfruit ( مْ ) meet all hijaiyah letters, except mim (م) and ba (ب),
As written by Marzuki and Sun Choirol Ummah in the book Basic Knowledge of Tajwid (2020). Izhar Syafawi’s reading law must be pronounced clearly, clearly and without buzzing.
Example of Izhar Halqi
Examples of Izhar halqi in the Qur’an are found in several letters, including:
1. Surah Al Lahab Verse 2
مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥ وَمَا كَسَبَ
Latin reading: “Mā agnā ‘an-hu māluhụ wa mā kasab”.
Meaning: “It is not beneficial to him his possessions and what he earns” . ( Surah Al-Lahab [111]: 2 ).
2. Surah Al-Kahf Verse 5
مَّا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنْ عِل sharpe
Latin reading: ” Mā lahum bihī min ‘ilmiw wa lā li`ābā`ihim, blurat in the sentence takhruju min afwāhihim, iy yaqụlụna illā każibā “.
Meaning: ” They never have knowledge about it, and neither did their ancestors. How bad are the words that come out of their mouths; they do not say (anything) but lie “. ( Surah Al-Kahfi [18]: 5 ).
3. Surah Al-Baqarah Verse 285
ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦ ۚ وَقَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا ۖ غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
Latin reading: “Amanar-rasụlu bimā unzila ilaihi mir rabbihī wal-mu`minụn, kullu āmana billāhi wa malā`ikatihī wa polatihī wa rulusih, lā nufarriqu baina aḥadim mir rulusih, wa qālụ sami’nā wa aṭa’nā gufrānaka rabbanā wa ilaikal -maṣīr” .
Meaning: “The Messenger of Allah has believed in the Qur’an which was revealed to him from his Lord, so do those who believe. All believe in Allah, His angels, His books and His messengers. (They say): “We do not discriminate between anyone (with another) of His messengers”, and they say: “We hear and we obey”. (They pray): “Forgive us, O our Lord and to You is the return,” ( QS. Al-Baqarah [2]: 285 ).
Example of Izhar Syafawi
Examples of Izhar Syafawi in the Koran are found in several letters, including:
1. Surah Ar-Ra’d Verse 16
Amen
Latin reading: “Am ja’alu lillahi syurakaa a kholaq kakhalqihi fatasyaabahal kholqu ‘alaihim.”
Meaning: “Do they make some partners for Allah who can create like His creation so that the two creations are similar in their eyes?” ( QS. Ar-Ra’d [13]: 16 ).
2. Surah Al-Maidah Verse 105
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۖ لَا يَضُرُّكُم مَّن ضَلَّ إِذَا ٱهْتَدَيْتُمْ ۚ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
Latin reading: “Yā ayyuhallażīna āmanụ ‘alaikum anfusakum, lā yaḍurrukum man ḍalla iżahtadaitum, ilallāhi marji’ukum jamī’an fa yunabbiukum bimā kuntum ta’malụn”.
Meaning: “O you who believe, take care of yourselves; no one who goes astray will harm you when you are guided. Only to Allah you all return, then He will explain to you what you have done “ . ( Surah Al-Maidah [5]: 105 ).
3. Surah Al-Baqarah Verse 33
قَالَ يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ أَنۢبِئْهُم بِأَسْمَآئِهِمْ ۖ فَلَمَّآ أَنۢبَأَهُم بِأَسْمَآئِهِمْ قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُل لَّكُمْ إِنِّىٓ أَعْلَمُ غَيْبَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَأَعْلَمُ مَا تُبْدُونَ وَمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ
Latin reading: “Qāla yā ādamu ambi`hum bi`asmā`ihim, fa lammā amba`ahum bi`asmā`ihim qāla a lam aqullakum innī a’lamu gaibas-samāwāti wal-arḍi wa a’lamu mā tubdụna wa mā kuntum taktumụn”
Meaning: “Allah said: “O Adam, tell them the names of these objects”. So after he told them the names of the objects, Allah said: “Didn’t I tell you that I actually know the secrets of the heavens and the earth and know what you give birth to and what you hide?” ( Surah Al-Baqarah [2]: 33 ).
Izhar Syafawi is one of the laws of tajwid mim mati (مْ) if it meets one of the Hijaiyah letters except for the letters mim and ba. The law of mim dead or other mim breadfruit is ikhfa Syafawi and idgham mimi or idgham mutamatsilain.
Another opinion of Izhar Syafawi is that when mim breadfruit meets all hijaiyah letters except mim ( م) and ba ( ب). Quoted from the Fundamentals of Tajwid Science written by Dr Marzuki, MAg and Sun Choirol Ummah, SAg, MSI, Izhar means to disguise and Syafawi is lips.
Following are the letters, how to read, and examples of Izhar Syafawi
How to read Izhar Syafawi
For some people, they may not know exactly how to read Syafawi’s Izhar. The way to read Izhar Syafawi’s reading law is to pronounce Mim Mati ( مْ ) clearly on your lips and your mouth closed.
Letter Izhar Syafawi
The letters included in the izhar Syafawi letters are:
alif ( ا ), ta ( ت ), tsa ( ث ), jim ( ج ), ha ( ج ), kho ( خ ), dal ( د ), dzal ( ذ ) , ro ( ر ), za ( ز ), sin ( س ), syin ( ش ), shod ( ص ), dhod ( ض ), tho ( ط ), zho ( ظ ), ain ( ع ), ghoin ( غ ) , fa ( ف ), qof ( ق ), kaf ( ك ), lam ( ل ), nun ( ن ), ha ( هـ ), wa ( و ), and ya ( ي ).
All hijaiyah letters are part of Izhar Syafawi except mim ( م ) and ba ( ب).
Example of Izhar Syafawi
هُمْ نَائِمُوْن .1 read hum naaaaaimuuna
Cause: admin met nun
2. قُلْ نَعَمْ وَاَنْتُمْ read qul na’am wa antum
Reason: Mim met with wa
3. اَنْتُمْ دَاخِرُوْنَ is read antum dokhi runna
because: admin met dal
4. اَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ read am lam tundzirhum
Cause: admin met ta
5. يَمْكُرُوْنَ is read as yamkuruna
Cause: Mim met kaf
6. اَمْهَلْهُمْ رُوَيْدًا read amhil hum suwaidan
Because: Mim met Roro’.
How to Read Idgham Mimi and Examples in the Quran
Idgham Mimi is one of the laws of reciting tajwid when the letter mim breadfruit (مْ) meets the letter mim with a vowel. The way to read it is to merge the two mim sounds into one accompanied by a ghunnah or hum.
Mimi’s idgham reading laws and understanding in the science of recitation by definition, idgham ( ﺇﺩﻏﺎﻡ) means to include. Meanwhile, Mimi (ممي) means two letters mim (م) lined up. Another name for idgham mimi is idgham mutamatsilain or idgham mitsli.
Thus, it can be said that Mimi’s idgham in tajwid science means to include the readings of Mim letters lined up (مْ meets م). In this case, the two letters mim have the same or similar characteristics and makhraj.
How to read Mimi’s idgham is like reciting a mim which is tasydid. The first meme is entered into the second meme, then echoed or given a ghunnah.
The law of reading Mimi’s idgham is to recite mim while echoing it, and it is obligatory to put the first mim letter into the second mim letter. Mimi’s idgham reading is pronounced with a length of 2-3 vowels. The position of the lips when reading Mimi’s idgham is in a closed state and vibrates slightly to hum the reading of the meme.
Examples of Idgham Mimi Readings in the Qur’an
There are many verses of the Qur’an that contain the Mimi idgham tajwid rule. Examples of examples are as follows:
1. Surah Al-Qadr verse 4
تَنَزَّلُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ وَٱلرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ
Latin reading: “Tanazzalul-malā`ikatu war-rụḥu fīhā bi`iżni rabbihim, min kulli amr”
Meaning: “On that night the angels and the angel Gabriel descended with the permission of their Lord to arrange all matters . ” ( QS. Al Qadr [97]: 4 ).
2. Surah Al-Humazah Verse 8
إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ
Latin reading: “Innahā ‘alaihim mu’sadah”
Meaning: “Surely the fire was closed over them”. ( QS. Al-Humazah [104]: 8 ).
3. Surah Al-Quraysh Verse 4
ٱلَّذِىٓ أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَءَامَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍۭ
Latin reading: “Allażī aṭ’amahum min jụ’iw wa āmanahum min khaụf” .
Meaning: “Who has given food to them to relieve hunger and secure them from fear” . ( QS. Al Quraysh [106]: 104 ).
4. Surah Al-Muthaffifin verse 4
أَلَا يَظُنُّ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَنَّهُم مَّبْعُوثُونَ
Latin reading: “Alā yaẓunnu ulā`ika annahum mab’ụsuun” .
Meaning: “Those people did not think that they would be resurrected . ” ( Surah Al Muthaffifin [83]: 83 ).
5. Surah Al-Buruj Verse 20
وَٱللَّهُ مِن وَرَآئِهِم مُّحِيطٌۢ
Latin reading: “Wallāhu miw warā`ihim muhiith”
Meaning: “Even though Allah surrounded them from behind them” . ( QS. Al Buruj [85] )
How to Read Waqf Signs in the Qur’an, Kinds and Examples
In Arabic, waqaf means to stop or hold. Meanwhile, in terms, waqaf is stopping for a moment when reading a recitation or recitation of the Qur’an that has a sign of waqf, then continuing reading to the next verse. In general, there are various signs for reading the Qur’an, ranging from signs that prohibit stopping to those that require you to pause to take a breath before continuing reciting the Qur’an.
The function of the waqaf is to adapt the reading to the meaning of the verses of the Qur’an, starting from signs that prohibit stopping to those that require stopping for a moment to take a breath before continuing reciting the Qur’an. For example, when a verse has a connection with the previous verse, but the reader stops, then the meaning will be lame or distorted. To prevent this, a waqaf sign is given which prohibits reading the Qur’an to continue reading and it is mandatory to stop.
Thus, understanding the sign of waqf is very important to know for the perfection of reading the Qur’an for Muslims to memorize it.
Ordinary Waqf
Ordinary waqf is a sign of waqf indicating that the reader of the Qur’an must stop at that place. Because, the meaning of the verse is complete. If the reader continues his tartil, the meaning of the Qur’anic verse will change. Ordinary waqf usually has a lowercase mime at the top of the verse. Examples of verses with common endowments are found in surah Al-An’am verse 20:
ٱلَّذِينَ master اتَيْنَٰهُمُ ٱلْكِتَ يَعْرِفُونَهُۥ كَمَا يَعْرِفُون abs
Latin reading: “Allażīna ātaināhumul-kitāba ya’rifụnahụ kamā ya’rifụna abnā`ahum, allażīna Khasirū anfusahum fa hum lā yu`minụn”.
Meaning: “Those whom We have given the book to, they know him (Muhammad) as they know their own children. People who harm themselves, they do not believe (in Allah) “ . ( QS. Al An’am [6]: 20 ).
Waqf Jaiz
The existence of the Jaiz waqaf sign indicates that the reader of the Qur’an may stop and may also continue reading. This sign is an optional choice for the reader, and does not affect the meaning of the verses of the Qur’an he reads. Nevertheless, the Jaiz waqaf sign also has levels, there are Jaiz waqafs who are better at continuing their reading. There are also those that are better off stopping, as well as waqaf Jaiz which is of the same level as stopping or continuing reading that has no effect at all.
Mamnu Waqf
Waqaf mamnu in Arabic, mamnu means forbidden. In other words, if there is a mamnu waqaf sign, the reader of the Qur’an is prohibited from stopping and must continue reading. This sign also shows that the meaning of the sentence is related to the previous sentence. If the reader stops, the meaning of the verses of the Qur’an will change and become distorted. Waqf mamnu has a sign (لا).
An example of reciting the Qur’an with the mamnu waqaf sign is listed in surah Al-Baqarah verse 262:
أَنفَقُوا۟ مَنًّا وَلَآ أَذًى ۙ لَّهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ
Latin reading: “Allażīna yunfiqụna amwālahum fī sabīlillāhi ṡumma lā yutbi’ụna mā anfaqụ mannaw wa lā ażal lahum ajruhum ‘inda rabbihim, wa lā khaufun ‘alaihim wa lā hum yaḥzanụn”.
Meaning: “Those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah, then they do not accompany what is spent blue By mentioning the gift and by not hurting (the recipient’s feelings), they get a reward from their Lord. There is no concern for them and they do not (also) grieve “ . ( QS Al Baqarah [2]: 262 ).
Until it’s at the end, so, when reading tajwid izhar, it must be read clearly or not vaguely or not buzzing. Thus the discussion about izhar syafawi , starting from the definition to the examples. Hopefully all the discussion in this article is useful.
Sinaumed’s can learn recitation by reading books available at sinaumedia.com . To support Sinaumed’s in adding insight, sinaumedia always provides quality and original books so that Sinaumed’s has #MoreWithReading information.
Author: Yufi Cantika Sukma Divine
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