In reading the Al-Quran, it is required to comply with the tajwid. Within the tajwid itself there is a qalqalah. Then, what exactly is meant by qalqalah? And what are the examples of qalqalah? Well, on this occasion, we will discuss more about qalqalah. So, read this article to the end, Sinaumed’s.
Definition of Qalqalah
Studying and practicing the tajwid law in the Qur’an is something that is important for Muslims. There are at least 15 tajwid laws that every Muslim must learn.
As the word of Allah SWT in the letter Al Baqarah verse 121:
اَلَّذِيْنَ اٰتَيْنٰهُمُ الْكِتٰبَ يَتْلُوْنَهٗ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهٖۗ اُولٰۤىِٕكَ يُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِهٖ ۗ وَمَنْ يَّكْفُرْ بِهٖ فَاُولٰۤىِٕكَ هُمُ الْخٰسِرُوْنَ
Meaning: “Those to whom We have given the Book, they read it as it should be, they are the ones who believe in it. Whoever disbelieves in it, it is they who are the losers.”
While the meaning of tajwid itself is tahsin, which means to beautify. Meanwhile, according to the terms, tajwid is sounding each letter from its makhraj by giving each letter, its right and mustahak.
Knowing or studying the science of recitation is fardhu kifayah, but practicing reading the Koran is fardhu ‘ain, which means that all reciters or people who read the Koran are required to apply tajwid readings when reading verses from the Koran.
In the science of tajwid, it is known the properties of letters when they are sounded in their makhraj. Qalqalah is one of the characteristics of letters that do not have opposite words and qalqalah is a law of reading that is part of the science of tajwid.
While the meaning in general, qalqalah can be understood as a vibration or reflection. Meanwhile, the meaning of qalqalah in the science of tajwid means reflecting sound vibrations when reading the pronunciation contained in the qalqalah letters which have the vowel breadfruit or waqaf.
Qalqalah is the reflection of certain letter sounds for breadfruit with original death, for waqaf by turning it off, and tasydid/syiddah for waqaf.
Qalqalah is a law of reading that is part of the science of recitation. This qalqalah can be interpreted as an additional sound or a strong and clear reflection on the breadfruit letters. Interpreting this one tajwid law can be done in two ways, namely sugra and kubra.
It is very important to study the law of reciting qalqalah because it relates to breadfruit, endowments, and tasydid so that recitation of the Al-Quran avoids misunderstandings. There are five qalqalah letters that can be used as signs, namely ba, jim, dal, ta, and qaf.
Types of Qalqalah
Qalqalah is divided into two types, namely qalqalah sugra and qalqalah kubra. Here’s an explanation:
1. Qalqalah Sugra
Qalqalah sugra literally means small. This type is if there is a qalqalah letter in the middle of the pronunciation with the vowel breadfruit. The way to read qalqalah sugra is to reflect it not too strong.
This type of qalqalah occurs when the letter qalqalah is turned off in the middle of a sentence (breadfruit). That is why some qiraat scholars call this qalqalah wustha (middle) qalqalah.
2. Qalqalah Kubra
Meanwhile, qalqalah kubra is interpreted linguistically as big. The definition of qalqalah kubra is if there is a qalqalah letter which is located at the end of the pronunciation, both in the vowel breadfruit, fathah, kasrah, dhammah, and tanwin, it is still read as waqaf. How to read it better reflected quite strongly. This type of qalqalah occurs when the letter qalqalah is turned off at the end of a sentence (waqaf).
Qalqalah Sugra and Kubra letters
As with other types of tajwid law, qalqalah sugra and kubra have certain letters, there are five qalqalah letters, namely ba (ب), jim (ج), dal (د), tha (ط), and qaf (ق). To make the memorization process easier, the five letters above can be abbreviated as qatbujadin or BA-JU-DI-THO-QO.
Qalqalah Sugra and Kubra Recitation Laws
Al-Qur’an can not be read arbitrarily. There are special rules and rules that need to be understood through the science of recitation. This is as stated by Allah SWT in surah al-Baqarah verse 121:
اَلَّذِيۡنَ اٰتَيۡنٰهُمُ الۡكِتٰبَ يَتۡلُوۡنَهٗ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهٖؕ اُولٰٓٮ يُؤۡمِنَ بِهٖ
Meaning: “Those to whom We have given the Book, they read it with the true reading, they are the ones who believe in it. And whoever disbelieves in it, it is they who are the losers.”
Studying and practicing the tajwid law in the Qur’an is something that is important for Muslims. There are at least 15 tajwid laws that every Muslim must learn, one of which is the qalqalah law. Qalqalah is divided into two types, namely qalqalah sugra and qalqalah kubra.
As a life guide that must be read, studied, and practiced at the same time, the Qur’an cannot be read haphazardly. There are special rules and rules that need to be understood through the science of recitation.
Based on the verse above, practicing the knowledge of recitation that has been learned is an obligation that must be carried out by every Muslim. Likewise with practicing the law of reciting qalqalah sugra and kubra.
As previously mentioned, the law of reading qalqalah sugra occurs when the qalqalah letter is in the middle of the pronunciation with the vowel of breadfruit. How to read the reflection is not too strong or the reflection is read thinly.
Meanwhile, the law of reading qalqalah kubra occurs if one of the qalqalah letters at the end of the pronunciation has the vowel breadfruit, fathah, kasrah, dhammah, and tanwin, still read waqaf. How to read qalqalah kubra reflected strongly and boldly.
Examples of Qalqalah Sugra and Kubra
In order for the understanding of the sugra and kubra qalqalah reading to be more afdal, every Muslim needs to know examples of each of these reading laws.
Qalqalah Sugra
Examples of verses that contain reading qalqalah sugra include:
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Al-Kautsar verse 3
إِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْأَبْتَرُ
The letter ba ( ب ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is read bouncing with a slight pressure.
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Quraysh verse 4
Allah
The letter tha ( ط ) breadfruit is pronounced bouncing but thin.
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Al Qari’ah verse 3
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ
The letter dal ( د ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is read bouncing with a light pressure.
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Al-Qari’ah verse 10
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ
The letter dal (د) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is still read bouncing, but with a light emphasis.
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Al Fiil Verse 2
أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ
The letter jim ( ج ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is also read as bouncing with a light pressure.
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Al-Humazah verse 5
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ
The letter dal ( د ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is still read bounce, but with a light emphasis.
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Al-‘Adiyat verse 5
فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا
The letter tha ( ط ) breadfruit is pronounced bouncing but thin.
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Ad-Dhuha verse 6
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَآوَىٰ
The letter dal ( د ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is still read bounce, but with a light pressure.
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Al-Lail verse 20
إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَىٰ
The letter ba ( ب ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is read bouncing with a slight pressure.
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Al-Balad verse 1
لَا أُقْسِمُ بِهَٰذَا الْبَلَدِ
The qaf ( ق ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is still read bounce, but with a light pressure.
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Al-Fajr verse 8
الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ
As with the previous reading, the letter qaf ( ق ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation is read bouncing with a light pressure.
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Al-Fajr verse 29
فَادْخُلِي فِي عِبَادِي
The letter dal ( د ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation, still reads bouncing with a light pressure.
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At-Tin verse 5
ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَاهُ أَسْفَلَ سَافِلِينَ
The reading above also consists of the letter dal ( د ) breadfruit in the middle of the pronunciation. That way the way to read it is bouncing with a light pressure.
Qalqalah Kubra
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Al-Falaq verse 1
قُلْ اَعُوْذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِۙ
The letter qaf ( ق ) in the last pronunciation, even though it has the vowel kasrah, how to read it, is still recited and read bouncing
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Al Buruj verse 20
وَّلّٰهُ مِنْ وَّرَاۤىِٕهِمْ مُّحِيْطٌۚ
The letter tha ( ط ) in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel dhammah, how to read it is still fixed and read bounces.
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Al Falaq verse 3
وَمِنْ شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ اِذَا وَقَبَۙ
The letter ba ( ب ) in the last pronunciation, even though it is vowel fathah, how to read it is still recited and read bouncing loudly.
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Qaf verse 5
فِيْٓ اَمْرٍ مَّرِيْجٍ
The letter jim ( ج ) in the last pronunciation, even though it has the vowel tanwin kasrah, how to read it is still bouncing and read bouncingly.
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Al Ikhlas verse 1
قُلْ هُوَ اللّٰهُ اَحَدٌۚ
The letter dal ( د ) in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel dhammah, the way to read it is still fixed and read bounces.
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Al Hajj verse 5
مِنْ كُلِّ زَوْجٍ بَهِيجٍ
The letter jim ( ج ) is located in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel tanwin kasrah, how to read it is still bouncing and it is read bouncing with strong pressure.
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Al Buruj verse 2
وَالْيَوْمِ الْمَوْعُودِ
The letter dal ( د ) is located in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel kasrah, the way to read it is still fixed and read bounces.
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Ali Imran verse 18
قَائِمًا بِالْقِسْطِ
The letter tha ( ط ) in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel kasrah, the way to read it is still fixed and read bounces.
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Hud verse 70
إِلَى قَوْمِ لُوطٍ
The letter tha ( ط ) in the last pronunciation, even though it has the vowel kasrah tanwin, the way to read it is still fixed and read bounces.
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At Tariq verse 1
وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ
The letter qaf ( ق) in the last pronunciation even though it has the vowel kasrah, how to read it is still bouncing and read bouncingly.
The Virtue of Studying the Qur’an
Al-Qur’an is the book of Islam as a way of life for Muslims. Studying the Qur’an for Muslims is certainly mandatory. The following are the virtues in learning the Al-Quran, namely:
1. Obtaining Merit and Kindness
For those who study and memorize the Qur’an, will get multiple rewards and goodness. The atmosphere in the surrounding environment is always peaceful, calm and full of blessings.
Rasulullah SAW said:
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَثَلُ الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ حَافِظٌ لَهُ مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ وَمَثَلُ الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ وَهُوَ يَتَعَاهَدُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَدِيدٌ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ
Meaning: From Aisha from the Prophet sallallaahu alaihi wasallam, he said: “The parable of a person reading the Koran while he memorizes it, then he will be with the noble angels. Whereas the parable of a person who reads the Koran diligently, and he has difficulty over it, then he will get two rewards.” (HR Bukhari) [No. 4937 Fathul Bari] Sahih.
2. Learning the Koran is the best of people
عن عثمانَ بن عفانَ رضيَ اللَّه عنهُ قال: قالَ رسولُ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم:
Meaning: From Usman bin Affan ra, Rasulullah saw. said, “The best of you are those who learn the Qur’an and teach it.” (Narrated by Bukhari).
3. Get intercession on the Day of Judgment
Allah will keep the bodies of those who memorize the Qur’an intact in their graves until the Day of Resurrection arrives. Reading the Qur’an can bring goodness and glory that humans have never imagined before, even on the Day of Resurrection with great glory.
Rasulullah SAW said:
عَنْ زَيْدٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا سَلَّامٍ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ اقْرَءُوا الْقُرْآنَ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شَفِيعًا لِأَصْحَابِه
Meaning: From Zaid that he heard Abu Sallam say, had told me Abu Umamah Al Bahili he said; I heard the Prophet sallallaahu alaihi wasallam say: “Read the Quran, because it will come to intercede for its readers on the Day of Resurrection. (HR. Muslim) [No. 804 Syarh Sahih Muslim] Sahih.
4. Give Degree and Authority
Allah SWT will also raise the honor of the parents of their children who memorize the Qur’an. Those who memorize the Al-Quran will be given flexibility in all their affairs. This also makes the person look more authoritative and appreciated by many people.
عن عمرَ بن الخطابِ رضي اللَّه عنهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قال : « إِنَّ اللَّه يرفَعُ بِهذَا الكتاب أَقواماً ويضَعُ بِهِ آخَرين » رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ
Meaning: From Umar bin Khattab ra. Rasulullah saw. said, “Surely Allah SWT will raise the degree of a people with this book (Al-Qur’an), with it Allah will also humble other people.” (HR. Muslim).
5. People who read the Koran have a fragrant mouth
One of the hadith texts expressly compares people who read the Koran with those who do not read the Koran.
From Abu Musa Al-Asy’ari said, Rasulullah said:
“The parable of a believer who recites the Qur’an is like a lemon, which smells good and tastes delicious. And the parable of a believer who does not recite the Qur’an is like a date palm, it tastes delicious and has no smell. And the parable of the hypocrite who reads the Qur’an is like the fruit of the raihanah which smells good and tastes bitter, and the parable of the hypocrite who does not read the Qur’an is like the fruit of the hanzhalah which has no smell and tastes bitter.” (HR Bukhari and Muslim).
6. With the Angels
People who read the Koran, that is promised Allah will be in a place together with the angels.
From `Aisyah Radhiyallahu `Anha said, the Messenger of Allah said, “A person who reads the Qur’an and he is proficient in reading it, he will be gathered with the angels who are noble and devoted. While the person who reads the Qur’an and he is still stuttering and feels heavy (not yet fluent) in reading it, then he will get two rewards.” (Narrated by Bukhari Muslim).
7. Receive God’s Grace
People who read the Koran will get peace, mercy and praise a people who recite the verses of the Koran, and angels will circle around them.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ الله : « وَمَا اجْتَمَعَ قَوْمٌ فِي بَيْتٍ مِنْ بُيُوتِ اللهِ يَتْلُونَ كِتَابَ اللهِ، وَيَتَدَارَسُونَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ، إلاَّ نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّكِينَةُ وَغَشِيَتْهُمُ الرَّحْمَةُ، وَحَفَّتْهُمُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ، وَذَكَرَهُمُ اللهُ فِيمَنْ عِنْدَهُ » رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمُ.
Meaning: From Abu Hurairah RA, he said: Rasulullah SAW. said, “There is not a people who gather in one of the houses of Allah’s houses (mosques), to read the Qur’an and study it, unless peace will be sent down to them, and they will be covered by Allah’s grace, the angels will surround them and Allah will protect them. will mention them in front of His creatures who are near Him (the angels).” (HR. Muslim).
8. Loved by Allah
By reading the Al-Quran makes a Person Behave Noble. Reading the Qur’an with a calm heart and a happy feeling can change someone who previously behaved badly for the better.
Thus the discussion about the meaning of qalqalah and also examples of qalqalah. Hopefully all the discussion above is useful for you. If you want to find a book about the law of reading the Koran, then you can get it at sinaumedia.com .
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Author: Yufi Cantika Sukma Divine