Blog

What is the meaning of public policy? Public policy is something that is already familiar to hear. Either in a particular field or in the general public.

The following is a brief explanation regarding the 15 notions of public policy conveyed by experts. In addition, it will also explain important elements, scope, level of policy and policy objectives.

Definition of Public Policy

In general, a policy or  policy  is something that is used to show a person’s behavior. In this case, the person in question could be an official, an institution, or even a certain group. The goal is to solve a problem that is being faced by them.

Basically, there are many explanations accompanied by limitations or understanding of other policies. Policy is a guideline and restrictions that are carried out in general.

Limits that become the direction of an action that must be done. As well as a rule that must be followed by the perpetrators. Also implementing policies, because it is very important for processing within an organization.

As well as making decisions from a plan that has been made and mutually agreed upon. Therefore, policy becomes a means of solving problems for various actions that occur.

Policy is a series of concepts and principles that outline the basis of a problem. Being a plan in the implementation of a job, leadership and ways of acting, principles, statements of ideals and in solving problems as guidelines. Policies are also used for management in an effort to achieve goals or objectives. In other words, policy is a guide in acting for making a decision.

In terms of terminology, the notion of public policy has many meanings. It all depends on the angle from which one interprets it. Public policy is an authority that belongs to the government.

This authority is carried out to carry out its duties and functions in relation to the community. Not only with the community, but this authority is also carried out in relation to the business world.

Basically, government policies in managing people’s lives in many aspects of life are policies that are oriented to the interests of the community itself. in every public policy, will begin with the formulation of the problem.

The formulation of the problem occurs in society. The term or understanding of public policy will be aimed at overcoming problems, if they occur in society. In fact, the term or understanding of public policy has often been heard.

Examples in everyday life. In addition, in academic activities it is also often mentioned. As in lectures in the fields of social sciences, political science, economics to law.

However, this term may also refer to something more specific. The scope of this public policy study is very broad. Because, this covers various sectors and fields.

Examples include politics, economics, culture, social, law, and so on. In addition, judging from the hierarchy, public policy has several characteristics. Such as local, regional and national.

It can also be said as government regulations, laws, ministerial regulations, presidential regulations, regional or provincial government regulations, district or city regional regulations, governor decisions, and regent or mayor decisions.

Definition of Public Policy According to Experts

1. A. Hoogerwert

The definition of public policy according to A. Hoogerwert is an important element in the political field. Public policy can also be interpreted as achieving certain goals, which are carried out at a certain time.

2. Anderson

According to Anderson, the notion of public policy is a relationship between government units and their environment.

3. Gerston

The definition of public policy was also conveyed by Gerston. According to him, public policy is an effort made by the government or officials. These efforts are carried out at every level of government which aims to solve public problems.

The process of determining a public policy includes five stages. Are as follows:

• Identify a public policy issue.
• Develop public policy proposals.
• Do public policy advocacy.
• Implement public policy.
• Evaluate the policies to be implemented.

4. Dunn

Public policy is a complex pattern. This pattern is based on collective choices that are interdependent. Conducted by government agencies and institutions.

5. Pressman and Wildavsky

The definition of public policy is defined as a hypothesis. The hypothesis contains initial conditions and predictable outcomes. Public policy must be distinguished from other forms of policy, for example, such as private policy. It is influenced by the involvement of factors, not the government.

6. Leo Agustino (2008: 6)

Leo Agustino defines the notion of public policy as a relationship that occurs between government units and their environment. Many people think that this definition is too broad. Especially to understand, because what is meant by public policy can cover many things.

7. Wool

The definition of public policy is a number or several government activities carried out to solve a problem that exists in society. Either directly or through several institutions that have influence in people’s lives.

8. Thomas R Dye

Public policy is ” whatever government chooses to do or not to do ” or which means “whatever the government chooses to do or not do”. This understanding emphasizes that public policy is a matter of embodiment or action. Public policy is not merely a statement of the will of officials or the government.

Besides that, the government’s choice not to do something is also public policy. Because, it has the same effect or impact as the government’s choice to do something.

9. Chandler and Plano

The definition of public policy mentioned by Chandler and Plano is a strategic utilization of existing resources. The goal is to solve problems that exist in the public or government. Public policy is also a form of intervention that is carried out continuously by the government.

This was done in the interest of disadvantaged groups in society. So they can stay alive. As well as participate in public development at large.

10. Roberty Eyestone (1971: 18)

The broad definition of public policy can be said to be “the relationship between a government unit and its environment”. This concept contains a very broad understanding of public policy. And less certain, because what is meant by public policy can cover many things.

11. Charles Lindblom (1968)

Public policy making is essentially a political process that is very complex and analytical. Where do not know when it starts or ends. As well as the boundaries of that process are uncertain.

A series of rather complex forces that are often referred to as public policy making. Then it will produce a result called a policy.

12. Muhlis Madani (2011)

Muhlis Madani explained that policy is a complex phenomenon. The phenomenon consists of a number of decisions made by a number or several individuals. In addition, it is also made by existing government organizations.

13. Kartasasmita

The definition of public policy according to Kartasasmita is an effort to understand and interpret what is done or not done by the government. Regarding a problem, what is the cause of the problem and what is the effect of the problem.

14. Widodo (2002: 190)

According to Widodo, in practice good public policy must contain several elements. These elements are as follows:

• A policy always has a goal or is oriented towards a certain goal.
• A policy will contain the actions or patterns of action of government officials.
• A policy is what a government official actually does. Not something to be done.
• A public policy will be positive or “is the government on a particular issue”. Also negative or “a decision of a government official not to take a certain action”.
• Positive public policies are always based on certain laws and regulations. These regulations are coercive or authoritative.

15. Said Zainal Abidin (2004: 23)

The definition of public policy is something that is not narrow and specific. However, it is strategic and broad. Therefore, public policy has a function as a general policy guideline. As well as having a special decision under it.

Scope of Public Policy

The scope of public policy is as follows:

1. The study of bureaucratic behavior and political elites.
2. The role of interest groups in the policy process
3. Shared Concern  and  shared problems  between political actors involved in the process of making, implementing and evaluating a policy.

Important Elements of Public Policy

1. Inputs

Inputs are things that affect public policy. Examples such as humans who act as actors, knowledge, technology, information, and all the values ​​that apply in society.

2. Goals _

Goals are the direction of a policy that those who make the policy want to achieve.

3. Instruments _

A device is a device used to execute a policy.

4. Impact

Impact is the result obtained from a policy. Either wanted or unwanted.

These four main elements will be the basis. This element will determine what form of public policy will be implemented.

Public Policy Levels

1. General policy (strategy)

The general policy level is the policy level whose scope is an outline of macro-strategic issues. Use it to achieve the national ideal. Both in a certain situation or condition.

The result can take the following form:

• Laws/laws, the power to make which lies in the hands of the president with the approval of the DPR, or government regulations in lieu of laws/perpu in matters of compelling urgency
• Government Regulations/PPs to regulate the implementation of laws, whose issuance authority rests with the president
• Presidential Decree/Keppres or Presidential Instruction/Inpres, which contains government administration policies whose issuance authority is in the hands of the president
• Presidential Decree, under certain circumstances the president can issue a Presidential Decree.

2. Managerial policy

Managerial policy is an outline of a main area or major area of ​​government. This policy is an elaboration of general policy. The point is to formulate strategy and public administration.

As well as procedures in these key areas. Managerial policy authority rests with the minister. It is based on policies at the level above. The results will be formulated in several forms.

Such as the form of Ministerial Regulations, Ministerial Decrees and Ministerial Instructions. All of that is formulated in the field of government that is accountable to him. Under certain circumstances, the minister will also issue a Ministerial Circular.

3. Operational technical policies

Operational technical policy is a policy that includes an outline in one public. The outline is carried out in one main area above. The form is a procedure, as well as a technique for implementing a plan, activity and program.

The authority to issue technical policies lies in the hands of first echelon leaders, in government departments. And lies in the leadership of non-departmental institutions. The results of determining the policy will be formulated in several forms. in the form of Decrees, Regulations, and Instructions for the Leaders of Departmental Institutions or Instructions of the Director General.

Within each administrative sector that is accountable to him. The content and soul of this technical policy must be in accordance with the policies above it. As well as administrative and technical implementation arrangements.

Listed in Regulations, Decrees, Instructions for Leaders of Non-Departmental Institutions and or Instructions of the Director General, which are usually implementation guidelines.

Public Policy Objectives

A public policy certainly has a purpose. A good policy must have a good purpose too. A good goal must at least meet 4 criteria.

Are as follows:

1. Fulfilling what is desired to achieve
2. Policies are rational or realistic
3. Policies are clear
4. Policies are made to be future-oriented.

That is a brief explanation of public policy. Starting from the understanding of public policy until the objectives of the public policy are made.

Find information about politics, government, economy and other things at www.sinaumedia.com. sinaumedia as #FriendsWithoutLimits will always present interesting articles and recommendations for the best books for Sinaumed’s.

Author: Wida Kurniasih

Source: from various sources

• Understanding the Politics of Fighting Sheep in Indonesia
• Definition, Functions and Distribution of State Institutions
• Power Theory: Definition, Legitimacy, and Sources of Power
• What is the Purpose of ASEAN Formation? Accompanied by Benefits and Obstacles
• Indonesia’s National Development Goals and Development
• Goals of Regional Autonomy: Principles and Fundamentals

Branding Strategy – Hello, Sinaumed’s friends . Are you the owner of a company that has not yet developed a branding strategy ? Brand or brands are things that customers talk about when using a product. It is what gives the product an identity, makes it recognizable and helps build the emotional bond between the company and the consumer.

But a brand is more than just a name, logo and tagline. It is the experience that the customer has when buying the product, the consumer has when using the product and the target market’s perception of the company, product or service. Perhaps you are aware that there are millions of similar products today. Therefore, the existence of a brand is an identity that can distinguish one product from another.

Meanwhile, branding is a communication activity in creating a character or identity with the aim of differentiating one product from another. Branding is needed to create or maintain a product image in the eyes of consumers.

When the brand image is strong, consumer trust will be attached to the product. However, this cannot be achieved if you do not apply the right and correct branding strategy. Come on, see reviews about branding strategies for business success.

What is Branding Strategy ?

When you want to buy something, you will definitely think of some well-known brands. For example, when you want to buy a new cellphone, it is usually always identical to several well-known cellphone brands that have been sold in Indonesia.

When you hear about a brand new phone that you don’t know, you tend to hesitate to buy it. This illustration is an example of the success of a brand in branding its brand name and product.

Branding is the process of researching, developing and implementing company-specific characteristics so that consumers can associate a brand with the company’s products or services. The brand also plays a role as an attraction offered to consumers to be tempted to buy it.

With the right strategy, branding can be a way to compete with business competitors. Branding is an effort to present corporate values ​​to consumers. This is broken down into many aspects, such as the name, logo, trademark, tagline, slogan to the use of special colors.

In essence, branding aims to convey the uniqueness of a business to its target market. Branding is most successful when a brand is strong enough to be remembered by people. For example, Indomie, which some people identify with instant noodles, even though there are products from different brands, but they are still called Indomie. This is an example of building a consistent positive branding image.

Branding is needed to create or maintain a product image in the eyes of consumers. When the brand image is strong, consumer trust will be attached to the product.

The Importance of Branding Strategy

With many companies offering similar products with little or no difference, today’s market is driven by perceptions and emotions.

In fact, according to a study by HBR, over 64% of customers form a relationship with a company based on their shared values. Having a branding strategy in place will help you build those types of relationships.

In addition, the branding strategy is also important for:

• Load corporate identity and company offerings.
• Differentiate the brand from its competitors in the market.
• positioning the desired brand to create favorable perceptions and generate more revenue.
• Communicate more effectively, because it creates identifiable products, defines unique brand messages, and helps develop communication strategies.
• Develop a marketing strategy because it is much more difficult for companies to market products without a brand.
• Building a favorable corporate image in the minds of customers.
• Develop brand equity – the value, beyond the product’s regular price, that customers are willing to pay simply for a product to be associated with a particular brand.
• Establishing the company’s mission and vision as a brand .
• Develop happier and stronger relationships with employees, as they feel more motivated to work with established brands.

How to Develop a Branding Strategy

Unlike a decade ago, people are focusing more on branding than ever before.

If you ask established companies how important it is to develop a branding strategy today, you’d be surprised at how much money they invest in it.

According to the 2019 State of Brand Report, 66% of marketing decision makers plan to invest more in branded visual content creation than in 2018.

Building a brand and developing a brand strategy is not an easy process. It can take months (or even years) of research and analysis to finally understand how the intended customer perceives the brand. And even more difficult for beginners. But don’t worry, here’s a complete guide to simplify the process of developing a branding strategy for your business:

 1. Create a memorable logo

Referring to one of the world’s sports brands, namely Nike, you must be familiar with this. Nike is one of the market leaders, whose reputation is widely recognized around the world. One of the hallmarks of this brand is that its logo looks like a tick.

Surprisingly, this logo turned out to be so memorable and so associated with the brand. You can recognize Nike products just by looking at the logo without having to read the entire brand image. Even the Nike logo was then often twisted by KW and counterfeiters. Even so, from the play, you can already tell which brands are KW and original. Learn from Nike, create a branding strategy by creating a logo that is unique, simple but easily recognizable.

2. Enter value into the product

The second lesson to be drawn from the branding strategy example is that of the Hermès company. This brand has a good strategy, incorporating exclusive value into each of its products. Until now, Hermès was not only seen as a bag, but a reflection of many things.

Starting from the user’s economic status, reputation, prices above the average, and component quality internationally. This example of Hermes’s brand strategy reflects a good brand model, so as to highlight the product’s uniqueness in the market. Reality proves that, in whatever form, as long as there is the Hermes brand, people will automatically think of the exclusivity and class of the product.

3. Be innovative

Apart from Honda, in Indonesia there is another product with a strong brand, namely Softex. Until now there are still many people who use the name Softex as a substitute for pads.

For example, if you want to buy softex from the Charm brand or if you want to buy softex from the Laurier brand. Although both are brand competitors. However, because Softex has a good brand image, the brand continues to resonate and is used as an umbrella term for various products.

The branding lesson that can be learned from Softex is that being the first product maker gives you a huge advantage to advance your branding strategy. Of course, this strategy requires maximum creativity and innovation.

4. Take advantage of PR campaigns

Have you ever bought a Pepsodent product with the intention of giving boxed rice to those in need? Or do you choose Ades brand mineral water to donate to plastic waste recycling?

So the two examples above are examples of PR campaigns, namely campaign activities that aim to provide a certain value to the product. Here, the campaign aims not only to attract consumers, but also to create meaningful engagement.

So, a brand is not only remembered as a hollow product, but with the right purpose and motivation for consumers. These are some examples of good branding strategies that you can try and modify according to your business needs.

5. Define aims and objectives

Like a marketing strategy, the development of a branding strategy is driven by intent or purpose. This could be a new business looking to make a name for itself in the marketplace, an existing business looking to expand its product line, or an established business looking for strategies to expand its existing brand or add other sub-brands to its brand.

To find goals, answer these two questions:

• What do you want your brand to do for your business?
• How would you like to describe your offering or business to your target market?

When it comes to branding , no single strategy can cover all needs. Therefore, it is important to know what you are building a strategy for before you proceed.

6. Introspection

Once the goals are defined, it is important to do some corporate content and the offers have to be flagged. Focus on the why (vision), what (mission), and how (values) of the business and try to link the branding goals to the overall business goals. If a branding strategy is being developed for a product, focus on features and find a unique selling proposition and value proposition that you can leverage. Usually, branding positioning strategies are derived from these two factors.

7. Target market research and competitors

The next step is to focus on who will buy your offer. Create buyer personas and target your target audience by answering the following questions:

• How old is your ideal customer?
• How much does he earn?
• What is the job?
• Is your product a need, want or luxury for him?
• Why did they choose your product over your competitors?
• To answer the last question, you also need to do a competitive analysis.

Answer questions about your competitors by answering the following questions:

• Who currently serves your target audience?
• What is the USP of their product?

•  What makes customers choose them over others?
• How do they market their brand?
• Do they have a single brand strategy or a multi-brand strategy?

8. Find brand barriers

When analyzing the internal and external environment, you have to come across many constraints in terms of target audience and competition. Combine these barriers with others regarding market conditions, government policies, and other factors that could hinder the successful positioning of your proposed brand and how to eliminate them.

Develop a comprehensive strategy to define your brand. A comprehensive branding strategy aims to give identity to everything your company produces and represents. This usually involves:

• Associate attributes with the brand – name, logo, color.
• Define brand goals
• Develop brand identity, brand personality and brand voice
• Include a brand message
• Develop brand associations
• Focus on brand consistency, flexibility and emotionality

9. Find the perfect positioning strategy

An effective positioning strategy is based on how you position your brand in the market. Positioning results from finding the perfect space that the brand can occupy in the target customer’s brain relative to its competitors’ characteristics and positioning strategies.

10. Promotion

A brand is always built in the eyes of customers. Once a company has successfully developed a strategy for how customers want to see it, the next step is to promote the same strategy.

Brand promotion is an important part of branding strategy because it informs, reminds, persuasively persuades, and causes buyers to direct their purchasing decisions in favor of the brand.

11. Have a website

As Nike Products shows in the example above, social media is a tool for growing your business. However, no company branding effort is complete without creating a website.

Why website? In a study by Verisign, 88% of companies agree that having a website makes it easier for consumers to find the products we have. This is because the habits of buyers have changed due to the increasingly sophisticated times. Currently, 82% of them search for the desired product or service through Internet sites.

Many small and medium businesses have built their success with the help of websites. For small and medium enterprises, we mean individual companies with not too large capital and income, such as Makaroni Ngehe and Kampung Souvenir.

The Balinese accessories and robe business can now earn up to IDR 400 million per month. Indeed, thanks to its website as an online shop, the company has attracted foreign consumers. In addition, Kampung Souvenir uses a logo and tagline as seen in the screenshot of the website’s main page.

If you want your business to be quickly recognized via the Internet, Follow Kampung Souvenir is the solution.

By adding information, you don’t always have to create an online store website to sell. All you have to do is use your business profile to showcase the products or services you offer.

Your business website should have easy-to-understand content that showcases the uniqueness of your brand. Not to mention, your website design must follow predefined branding standards.

12. Collaborate

As social beings, humans cannot live alone, and neither can businesses. As a company activist, you must be able to cooperate and collaborate with others. In fact, this method can improve your company’s brand image if the strategy is used on target.

You can do this in several ways, such as by combining bundles with other brand products at attractive prices. Partner with other brands for discounts or promotions, or even collaborate to introduce new products to reach the audience of two related brands.

13. Brand Voices

You surely know this expression “Just Do It!” , “My taste” , or “Good Chicken” . Most people who hear this expression will immediately recognize the brand in question. In fact, you can memorize the tone of the sentence.

The tagline is a successful example of implementing a brand voice strategy. Indeed, the majority of consumers will immediately remember and recognize the brand in question only through its jargon or tagline. According to 99designs, a brand voice is a means of communicating with customers and is defined by a unique communication style.

A branding strategy can target customers with any communication style, as long as it embodies the values ​​and characteristics of your business.

14.Digital marketing

Due to the pandemic, seminars that are usually held in person and attended by many people have now become webinars.

Webinars, like webinars in general, are only conducted online via zoom meetings. This brand strategy is implemented by many businesses to exist and convey their business messages.

Webinars can be a weapon for executing brand strategies. You can invite inspirational speakers who talk a lot about the sustainable industry with your business. That way, the audience will be more interested if the topic and discussion are in accordance with their wishes.

15. Brand Imagery

According to Snowball, brand image identifies a brand through the image it uses. In this case, images can appear in various forms, such as illustrations, print media, and social media content.

This branding strategy is all about how customers see your brand. Brand image also describes the product in a visual display that is easy to remember. For example, when you see a yellow fast food logo forming an M symbol, of course you already know which restaurant isn’t it?

Author: Ziaggi Fadhil Zahran

Also read other articles in “sinaumedia Literacy”:

12 Examples of Marketing Strategies Worth Trying

Learn 6 Types of Promotions and Tips for Implementing Their Business Strategies

What is Marketing? Strategy, Function and How to Become a Marketer

5 Marketing Concepts and the Strengths and Weaknesses of Each!

Impression: Definition, Types, Functions, Benefits, and How It Works

 

 

Benefits of Sit ups – Doing work out as a physical activity can be used as a powerful enough way to burn calories, make the body fitter, and even to unwind after work. Has Sinaumed’s ever tried it?

As is well known, sit ups are a simple type of exercise that Sinaumed’s can try anywhere, whether at home, at the office, or in the park. Sit ups are a type of sport or physical activity that Sinaumed’s can do anywhere and are useful for training various types of muscles, such as the abdominal muscles, hips, waist, and chest.

This one movement is very common for those who want to get the ideal body shape. Sit ups are a sport that does not require special skills. Sit ups are basic exercises that can be done to build abdominal muscles and maintain body weight. Sinaumed’s can get various benefits from sit ups when doing them regularly.

What Are Sit Ups?

Sit ups are one of the basic exercises with movements that focus on the hips and buttocks. In addition, the sit-up movement is also identical to the body that is on its back with the knee position directed upwards. This exercise technique actually has the goal of strengthening the abdominal muscles.

Sit ups as a physical exercise are able to expedite fat metabolism in the abdomen to overcome complaints of excess abdominal circumference. It can be said that sit ups are an isometric muscle contraction exercise with the initial position lying on your back.

Even though it is classified as a basic exercise, it turns out that sit ups are able to provide various benefits for the health of the body. Curious what are the benefits of sit ups for body health? Check out the full review in the following article.

15 Benefits of Sit ups for Body Health

1. Increases Muscle Mass

Sinaumed’s can benefit from sit ups when doing them regularly and regularly. Routinely doing sit ups is believed to be effective for toning and increasing muscle mass.

Having healthy muscle mass can make the body fitter. Sinaumed’s can feel the benefits of this one sit up , especially in the muscles of the hips and abdomen.

A study found that doing sit ups routinely and regularly can reduce the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly. Sarcopenia can be interpreted as a condition in which muscle mass decreases in effectiveness due to increasing age or aging of the muscles.

2. Improve Body Balance

Sit ups as a contraction exercise for the muscles of course involve several parts of the muscles, for example the hip muscles, pelvic muscles and lower back. Doing sit ups regularly is believed to have a good effect on improving the body’s balance ability.

The back, abdomen, shoulders, arms and hips will become more balanced when you routinely do sit ups correctly. In that case, doing sit ups without using equipment can strengthen the abdominal muscles and lift the weight of the body. This basic exercise can maintain good balance to avoid the risk of injuring yourself from falling.

3. Beautify the Shape of the Stomach

Sit ups can be categorized as a muscle exercise on the core muscles or the core of the body. Doing sit ups regularly is believed to be effective in making the abdominal muscles flatter and firmer. The benefits of this one sit up can also be maximized by doing aerobic exercise which is useful for burning belly fat.

4. Burn More Calories

In addition to shaping and beautifying the shape of the stomach, doing long-term sit-ups has the benefit of burning more calories. Sit ups can burn the body’s calories effectively, it can be concluded that sit ups are one of the most suitable physical exercises for Sinaumed’s who want to lose weight without going on a strict diet.

5. Maintaining the Metabolic System

The body requires an appropriate metabolic system to process various types of substances that enter the body. Various types of hormones, one of which is growth hormone, are also involved in the metabolic system.

The remnants of the metabolic process will gather in several organs of the body when the metabolic system is not running smoothly. Sit up movements are believed to be able to maintain the continuity of the metabolic system in the body.

This basic exercise will build all the muscles in the abdomen. The supply of oxygen will push the blood and help the metabolic system in the body when all the abdominal muscles are working actively.

6. Maintain Digestion

Basically humans as living beings need food as a source of energy. The food will be processed by the digestive organs, which starts from the esophagus to the intestines.

The intestinal organs are one of the parts of the digestive tract that are often disturbed. Leftover food that collects in the intestine can increase the risk of inflammation or intestinal cancer when there is a lack of fiber.

7. Improves Posture

Sinaumed’s’ body will look more proportional when he has good posture. Sit up movements can reduce the risk of muscle, joint and scoliosis injuries and are useful for improving posture.

However, Sinaumed’s is advised to stay away from sit up exercises when experiencing a pinched nerve or back pain. Doing sit ups when you have back pain complaints can make your back muscles tight.

This is because sit ups can exacerbate the symptoms of back pain that are being experienced. Sit ups have to improve posture, can reduce muscle tension, reduce pain in the muscles, improve breathing, and also to increase energy.

8. Launching Blood Circulation

Sit ups can improve blood circulation, the function of which is to meet a certain amount of oxygen and can be a way for the blood to work optimally.

The body’s metabolic system will be bad when humans experience a lack of oxygen in the blood. This condition can trigger various types of diseases, such as kidney failure and heart attack. Sinaumed’s can do routine sit ups to improve blood circulation.

9. Hip shaping

In general, women naturally want beautiful hips. Doing sit ups regularly can form beautiful hips and low fat content.

All the muscles in the body will become stable when doing sit ups regularly . In addition, sit-up movements can prevent various bone and muscle problems in old age.

10. Exercising the Core Parts of the Body

Sinaumed’s can train the core of the body by doing sit ups regularly. Strengthening and tightening the core of the body is one of the goals of sit ups .

Doing sit ups regularly can reduce the risk of injury and back pain. In addition, Sinaumed’s can get the benefits of sit ups , namely to make the body lighter and more agile when carrying out daily activities.

11. Improves Athletic Performance

Doing sit ups regularly can certainly form the core of the body. Sit up movements can provide better alignment of posture, stability, and body shape. Then sit ups as a muscle contraction exercise can provide a good opportunity to perform physical and athletic activities without feeling tired.

12. Increases Flexibility

Sit up movements , one of which can move the spine, can help to relax stiffness. This movement will automatically make your back and hips more flexible.

This basic exercise can increase mobility, reduce tension, and reduce body stiffness. Sit ups have been believed to be able to increase flexibility and reduce stress, increase energy, and improve concentration.

13. Strengthen the Diaphragm

Sit ups are an effective physical activity to train diaphragmatic breathing. Having a healthy diaphragm can reduce stress, improve breathing patterns, and increase athletic endurance. Routinely doing sit ups has been shown to bring benefits in improving respiratory function and strengthening the diaphragm.

14. Increase Cardiovascular Endurance

Doing sit ups regularly is believed to be effective for strengthening the heart muscle. The heart is one of the most important organs in the circulatory system.

15. Reducing the Risk of Injury and Back Pain

Sinaumed’s can strengthen the muscles of the lower back, pelvis, hips, and abdomen by doing regular and regular sit-ups . Sinaumed’s can also help the body’s muscles to work together and stabilize the body and protect yourself from all kinds of injuries.

When you have strong core muscles, Sinaumed’s can reduce your risk of developing muscle spasms, back pain, and injury. In addition, sit up movements are also believed to be effective for training the flexors of the abdomen and hips.

These flexors become one of the most important stabilizing parts in daily activities such as bending and turning. Sinaumed’s needs to ensure that the sit-up movements that are carried out must be correct to get this one benefit.

How to Do Sit ups Correctly

To avoid damage or injury to the body’s muscles, Sinaumed’s is required to do sit ups correctly and not overdo it. Follow these steps to do the right sit ups :

• Sinaumed’s can start the sit-up movement by lying on his back.
• Then bend your knees and feet flat on the floor to stabilize your body.
• Then place your hands near your ears or in a cross position over your chest.
• Make sure to engage your core when doing sit ups .
• Next, lift your body towards your knees using your abdominal muscles.
• Do this movement while exhaling.
• After that, lower your body back to the lying position on your back as before.
• Repeat the movement until completing the specified set.

Sinaumed’s can do sit ups up to 10 times a day when just starting to practice. Then Sinaumed’s can add it gradually according to the body’s ability. Sit ups are a fairly easy movement to do. This movement is very suitable for beginners who want to get effective benefits.

Sit up variations

Sit up variations can make Sinaumed’s have various choices to do one of these sports movements. With variations in doing sit ups , of course Sinaumed’s will not feel bored when he is going to do the movements to build the abdominal muscles.

However, with a variety of sit-up movements , it’s not just the abdominal muscles that will be trained. However, the chest, hip, and waist muscles will still benefit from the sit-up movement .

So what are the variations of sit up movements ? There are at least four sit up movements that Sinaumed’s can do at home without the help of tools.

1. V-Ups

This movement makes Sinaumed’s’ stomach shaped like the letter V, to be precise from the hips to the waist. This movement is done when the body lies on the floor while stretching the arms to the sides of the head. Then lift Sinaumed’s’ leg up to form a V shape.

Continue the movement by raising Sinaumed’s’ hands until the body resembles the letter V. When finished, return the body to its original position and repeat several times.

2. Standards Crunch

The standard crunch is a sit up movement in which Sinaumed’s lies down and seems to meet Sinaumed’s’ body , then puts Sinaumed’s’ hands back like an elbow. Sinaumed’s can then start lifting Sinaumed’s’ body and directing him left and right.

While lifting the body, Sinaumed’s can slowly inhale and release his breath. While moving your shoulders up as if you were being lifted by Sinaumed’s , you can get rid of tense stomach muscles. Then do the movement as if bending the neck. Then, finally take a slow breath to the original position again

3. Bicycle crunches

The next movement is a mixture of sit ups while cycling as well as crunches . The name of this variation is bicycle crunch . This movement can also be done to train the coordination of the abdominal muscles simultaneously until they become stable.

Furthermore, the muscles in Sinaumed’s’ hips and waist can be more evenly distributed and their shape is clearly visible. Sinaumed’s can start this movement by laying Sinaumed’s’ body flat on the floor. Then Sinaumed’s can put Sinaumed’s’ hands under his head and start lifting his legs until they are fully lifted and hold. Raise the leg alternately from the right foot to turn to the left knee and vice versa.

4. Full sit ups

Then there is also a sit-up movement , namely with the body position attached to the floor, but lifting Sinaumed’s’ upper body to a half-sitting position. Make sure all the strength is focused on the Sinaumed’s abdominal muscles .

Then hold it until Sinaumed’s is really tired and sweating. Then raise your body position again so that Sinaumed’s’ stomach looks flatter.

So, those are more or less the various sit up movements that Sinaumed’s can follow. Of course sit ups are very useful in many ways, such as reducing levels of fat in the body, maintaining body stamina, building chest muscles, and forming more beautiful hips.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

Also read:

• 8 Types of Floor Exercises Without Equipment
• Understanding the Definition and Elements of Rhythmic Gymnastics
• Volleyball Rules and Their Violations
• The Benefits of Jumping Rope for Physical and Mental Health
• 9 Elements in Physical Fitness
• The Benefits of Floor Exercise and the Rules
• The difference between walking and running
• Definition and Types of Floor Gymnastic Movements

Benefits of Sit Ups – Exercise as a physical activity can be an effective way to burn calories, make your body fitter, or even unwind after work. Has Sinaumed’s ever tried it?

As you know, sit ups are a simple exercise that Sinaumed’s can try at home. Sit ups are a type of sport or physical activity that you can do anywhere to train various muscles, such as the abdominal, chest, hip, and waist muscles.

This one movement is very common for those who want to become athletes. Most people do sit ups to beautify the shape of their stomach, you know, Sinaumed’s. Sit ups are a sport that does not require special skills.

Sit ups are a basic exercise that is suitable for forming and strengthening the abdominal muscles. Sinaumed’s can get a myriad of benefits from sit ups when doing them regularly.

Sit ups are a basic exercise with movements that rely on the hips and buttocks. In addition, the sit-up movement is identical to the knee position that is directed upwards. This exercise technique actually aims to strengthen the abdominal muscles.

Sit ups as a physical exercise are able to metabolize fat in the abdomen to overcome excess abdominal circumference. It can be said that sit ups are isometric muscle contraction exercises with the initial position lying on your back.

Men often do sit ups as a physical activity to get a six pack stomach. While women usually do sit ups to avoid stomach cramps during menstruation.

Even though it is classified as a basic exercise, sit ups are actually able to bring various positive benefits to the health of the body. Curious what are the benefits of sit ups for body health? Check out the full review below.

15 Benefits of Sit Ups  for Body Health

1. Increases Muscle Mass

Illustration of Increasing Muscle Mass (source: menshealth.de)

Sinaumed’s can benefit from sit ups when doing them regularly. Routinely doing sit ups is believed to be effective for toning and increasing muscle mass.

Having healthy muscle mass will make your body fitter. You can feel the benefits of this one sit up , especially in the muscles of the abdomen and hips.

A study revealed the finding that doing sit ups regularly can reduce the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly. What is sarcopenia? Sarcopenia can be interpreted as a condition in which muscle mass decreases in effectiveness due to muscle aging.

2. Improve Body Balance

Sit ups as a muscle contraction exercise certainly involve several parts of the muscles, such as the hip muscles, pelvic muscles and lower back. Doing sit ups regularly is believed to have a good effect on improving body balance.

The abdomen, shoulders, arms, hips and back will become more balanced when doing sit ups correctly. In addition, doing sit ups without the aid of equipment can strengthen the abdominal muscles to lift body weight. This basic exercise can maintain good balance to avoid the risk of falling or injuring yourself.

3. Beautify the Shape of the Stomach

Sit ups can be categorized as muscle exercises on the core of the body or core muscles. Doing sit ups regularly is believed to be effective for making the abdominal muscles firmer and flatter. The benefits of this one sit up can be maximized with aerobic exercise to burn belly fat.

4. Burn More Calories

In addition to beautifying the shape of the stomach, doing sit ups in the long run is beneficial for burning more calories. Routinely doing sit ups turns out to be able to form active muscle cells to burn calories, you know, Sinaumed’s.

Sit ups can burn the body’s calories effectively. That means sit ups are one of the physical exercises that are suitable for losing weight while on a strict diet.

5. Maintaining the Metabolic System

The body needs a strong metabolic system to process various types of foreign substances. Various types of hormones including growth hormone are involved in the metabolic system.

The remnants of metabolism will gather in several organs when the metabolic system is not running smoothly. Sit up movements are believed to be able to maintain the metabolic system in the body.

This basic exercise will build all the muscles in the abdomen. Oxygen supply will encourage blood to help the metabolic system in the body when all the abdominal muscles are working actively.

6. Maintain Digestion

Basically humans need food as a source of energy. The food will be processed by the digestive organs, namely the intestines and esophagus.

The intestinal organs are the part of the digestive system that has the most problems. Leftover food that collects in the intestine can increase the risk of inflammation or cancer when there is a lack of fiber.

Doing sit ups regularly can move all the stomach muscles to do their job in processing all the food that comes in. That way, sit-up movements are useful for maintaining digestion and reducing the risk of inflammation or cancer.

7. Improves Posture

Illustration of Correcting Posture (source: m.bola.com)

Sinaumed’s’ body will look more proportional when he has good posture too. Sit up movements can reduce the risk of muscle, joint and scoliosis injuries to improve posture.

However, Sinaumed’s is advised to stay away from sit up exercises in conditions of back pain or pinched nerves. Doing sit ups when experiencing back pain complaints can make the back muscles tighten.

This can exacerbate the symptoms of back pain that you are experiencing. Sit ups are useful for improving posture can reduce tension, reduce pain, improve breathing, and increase energy.

8. Launching Blood Circulation

One of the core processes of life which is the medium for supplying oxygen to the whole body is blood circulation. Fulfilling a certain amount of oxygen can be one way for blood to work optimally.

The body’s metabolic system will deteriorate when humans lack oxygen in the blood. These conditions can trigger various diseases, such as kidney failure and heart attacks. Sinaumed’s needs to do regular sit-ups to improve blood circulation.

9. Hip shaping

Most women certainly crave a beautiful hip shape. Doing sit ups regularly can form beautiful and lean hips.

All body muscles will become more stable when doing sit ups regularly. In addition, sit up movements can prevent various bone and muscle problems in old age.

10. Exercising the Core Parts of the Body

Sinaumed’s can train the core of the body by doing sit ups regularly. Strengthening and toning the core of the body is one of the goals of the sit up movement.

Doing sit ups regularly can reduce the risk of injury and back pain. In addition, Sinaumed’s can reap the benefits of sit ups to make the body lighter and more agile when carrying out daily activities.

11. Improves Athletic Performance

Doing sit ups regularly will certainly form the core of the body. Sit up movements will provide better posture, stability, body shape. Then sit ups as a muscle contraction exercise can provide a good opportunity to do physical and athletic activities without getting tired easily.

12. Increases Flexibility

Illustration of Increasing Flexibility (source: danone.es)

Sit up movements that move the spine can help loosen stiffness. This movement will automatically make your hips and back more flexible.

This one basic exercise can reduce tension, increase mobility, and reduce stiffness. Sit ups which are believed to be able to increase flexibility also bring benefits for reducing stress, increasing concentration, and increasing body energy.

13. Strengthen the Diaphragm

Sit ups are an effective physical activity to train diaphragmatic breathing. Having a healthy diaphragm can reduce stress, improve breathing patterns, and increase athletic endurance. Routinely doing sit ups has been shown to bring benefits in improving respiratory function and strengthening the diaphragm.

14. Increase Cardiovascular Endurance

Doing sit ups regularly is believed to be effective for strengthening the heart muscle. The heart is one of the most vital organs in the circulatory system.

Having good cardiovascular endurance can improve heart health. Sinaumed’s can improve the process of pumping blood by the heart by doing sit ups.

15. Reducing the Risk of Injury and Back Pain

Sinaumed’s can strengthen the muscles of the lower back, hips, pelvis and abdomen by doing sit ups regularly. You can also help your body’s muscles work together to stabilize your body and protect yourself from injury.

When you have strong core muscles, Sinaumed’s can reduce muscle spasms, back pain and back injuries. In addition, sit up movements are believed to be effective for training the abdominal and hip flexors.

These flexors become an important part of the stabilizer in daily activities for bending and turning. Sinaumed’s needs to ensure the correct sit up movements to get this one benefit.

How to Do Sit Ups Properly

To avoid damaging or injuring the body’s muscles, Grames needs to do sit ups correctly. Follow the steps below to do the right sit ups :

• Sinaumed’s can start the sit-up movement by lying on his back.
• Then bend your knees and feet flat on the floor to stabilize your body.
• Then place your hands near your ears or in a cross position over your chest.
• Make sure to engage your core when doing sit ups.
• Next, lift your body towards your knees using your abdominal muscles.
• Do this movement while exhaling.
• After that, lower your body back to the lying position on your back as before.
• Repeat the movement until completing the specified set.

Sinaumed’s can do sit ups 10 times a day when just starting to practice. Then Sinaumed’s can add it gradually according to the body’s ability. Sit ups are a fairly easy movement to do. This movement is suitable for beginners who want effective benefits.

Afternoon is the best time to do sit ups because the spine is used to being active. If you do sit ups in the morning, your spine is still stiff and not flexible for physical activity. Sinaumed’s can take time from noon to evening to do sit ups to get flat stomach muscles.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

Those are the benefits and how to do sit ups , Sinaumed’s. Even though it is classified as a simple exercise movement, sit ups present extraordinary benefits for the body. For this reason, Sinaumed’s is advised to do sit ups regularly in order to reap the myriad benefits for the health of the body. How, ready to look fit and athletic?

15 Benefits of Soccer – Sinaumed’s, are you a soccer fan? Have you ever tried playing it? If you’ve never played a soccer game before, you should give it a try.

Football is one of the most popular sports activities and is liked by most people in the world. Why is it so popular? This one sport is very popular in the world, not without reason.

Football is a very fun sport and everyone can play it. In addition, soccer can be played almost anywhere without knowing space, be it a green field, beach or even the streets.

To play it also does not require a lot of money. Football is the most popular sport because of its easy accessibility.

Historically, this sport has existed since 3,000 years ago, you know, Sinaumed’s. Football was first played under the name tsu chu in China’s Bamboo Curtain Country.

At the beginning of its appearance, this game was intended to train warriors to be more agile. Thousands of miles away, Greece also has a similar game by the name of episkyro.

After that, the game of football spread to all corners of the world. Until finally an international football federation was created in 1904 under the name FIFA (Federation Internationalele de Football Association) which was founded by 7 countries in Europe.

Football itself is a sport that involves eleven members in a team and has the same rules in every country. There are so many benefits that you can get through the sport of soccer so you want to play it all day long.

Not only is it fun to play, soccer also opens up opportunities for you to socialize with other people. So, do you know what are the benefits of soccer for one’s body health?

Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi as gridiron stars have a fit body thanks to the sport of soccer that they practice. The prowess of both of them in dribbling the ball cannot be doubted. No wonder they are idolized by many people.

Maybe you know that the main goal of soccer is just to score as many goals against your opponent as possible. More than that, the game of football actually has another purpose as a game that trains brain intelligence, creates solidarity, and so on.

Football apparently also has a variety of benefits, ranging from physical, emotional and mental health. In addition, there are a number of life skills that can be developed through the sport of soccer, such as communication, discipline, leadership and teamwork. Check out this article to the end to find out the various benefits that Sinaumed’s can get through playing soccer.

15 Benefits of Playing Football

The game of soccer is great for training one’s physique as it will have you running around the field constantly. It can get your heart rate up through sprints and shuttle runs.

Apart from that, soccer can help you gain muscle, strength, and stamina to improve your health. Here are some of the physical, emotional and mental benefits you can get from playing soccer.

1. Increases Body Capacity and Endurance

Soccer games require you to run fast on the field for ninety minutes. Football will also make you compete for the ball.

The more practice, the greater the capacity and endurance that is formed. Soccer has many positive effects on your body as a whole.

2. Reduces High Blood Pressure and Improves Cardiovascular Health

Soccer helps reduce a person’s high blood pressure. When you run, it will improve your cardiovascular health.

Soccer can also reduce your chances of suffering a stroke or other health complications later in life. By exercising regularly, you can help keep your heart, blood vessels, and arteries healthy.

3. Build Muscle and Reduce Body Fat

Soccer players use their whole body during the game. The game of soccer is great for building muscle and reducing body fat.

When you run, kick, jump, and fight for the ball, it indirectly engages the muscle fibers. This combination is perfect for burning calories, toning the body, and building muscles.

4. Strengthens Bones

In addition to increasing strength and stamina, playing soccer will strengthen your bones. When running on the court, your body weight will put pressure on the body.

This will strengthen and increase bone density in the process. Regular practice will help you avoid injuries and fractures.

5. Improves Coordination, Agility and Reflexes

Soccer also helps your coordination, agility and reflexes. Because the game of soccer requires you to react quickly in a short time when dribbling and passing the ball.

It tests your body and eye coordination. Besides improving body coordination and reflexes, playing soccer can help you become more agile. Sinaumed’s is required to be fast and ready to run in all directions during the match.

6. Increases Flexibility

Soccer players must perform a combination of running, passing and dribbling during the game. This can increase your flexibility and range of motion. With regular practice while doing the right stretches, your body will get used to doing a variety of different movements.

7. Reducing the Chance of Injury

Football is a physically demanding sport for players to suffer injuries. Playing soccer regularly not only helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, but also helps prevent injuries. It depends on how you do a healthy lifestyle, warm up, and do the right exercises.

8. Improves Mood

When Sinaumed’s exercises, the body releases endorphins which can help relieve pain and stress. Not only that, releasing endorphins can also improve your mood and make you feel better.

9. Reduces Stress, Anxiety, and Depression

The regular release of endorphins also helps reduce feelings of stress, anxiety and depression. Exercising also stimulates dopamine and serotonin, which play an important role in regulating one’s mood.

10. Increase Empathy

Soccer as a team sport requires players to work together with their teammates if they are to have a chance of success. This requires players to motivate and care for each other. Football can increase one’s empathy when seeing other people work hard, experience defeat, and celebrate victory.

11. Learn to Control Emotions

Playing soccer also helps you learn to control your emotions better. This has a positive impact on your life, both on and off the field.

Handling wins, losses, successes and disappointments is part of the sport. So, over time you will learn to process and control your emotions better.

12. Increase Concentration and Focus

This one sport requires the concentration and focus of players during the match. Their attention will only be on the ball and the situation that occurs at that time. If a player is distracted or loses focus, they will lose their opponents as well as opportunities to score.

13. Develops Motor Skills

Soccer will help you improve your motor skills by coordinating your body and brain. The combination of movements you do during training and matches will train your muscles and mind to work in sync.

14. Improve Analysis and Problem Solving Skills

Players must be able to react quickly and choose the best option in the match. Therefore, the sport of soccer will help you develop your analytical skills and problem-solving abilities when responding to new scenarios you face.

15. Increases Mental Endurance and Strength

Not every match will be victorious. Players must have strong resilience to face any defeat that comes their way.

Training sessions and matches will help you build your mental strength, both on and off the pitch. In addition, soccer encourages players to learn new things that can teach them not to be afraid of failure and to accept all situations in order to achieve a goal.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

Those are some of the physical, emotional and mental benefits that you can get through playing soccer. So, interested in reaping the benefits?

Food Recommendations Apart from White Rice – Alternative staple foods other than rice are basically very many. Rice is known to be a food that is very liked by the people of Indonesia. Most Indonesian people definitely don’t feel full if they don’t eat rice. This is because rice is one of the foods that contain high carbohydrates, so it can be a source of daily energy for the body.

Besides being rich in carbohydrates, rice is actually a food that is rich in nutrients. Some of the nutrients present in rice are fiber, protein, magnesium, and zinc. However, rice is one of the foods that has a high glycemic index content. The purpose of a high glycemic index content is to make rice easier and faster to break down into sugar so that it will be absorbed by the body.

This is what makes someone who consumes too much rice, will make glucose levels in the blood increase. Of course this is quite dangerous for the body, especially if the person has a history of certain diseases, such as diabetes. Not only that, people who consume rice in excess can cause weight gain to lead to obesity.

Currently, some people are starting to choose to eat a more varied staple food as an alternative to rice. The reasons behind these changes are of course diverse. In general, people who choose alternative foods other than rice are due to being on a certain diet program. For some people, choosing alternative foods other than rice is of course quite burdensome. The reason is, Indonesians are very familiar with rice as a staple food every day.

So, in this article, we will discuss various alternative foods besides rice. For those of you who want to choose alternative foods other than rice, it is still recommended to meet the needs of carbohydrates in the body. Therefore, you can choose various other types of substitute foods as alternative foods besides rice which are still delicious, nutritious and nutritious.

15 Alternative Foods Besides Rice

The following are fifteen alternative foods other than rice that Gramedio.com has managed to summarize for all of you, including:

1. Shirataki

The first alternative food besides rice is shirataki. Shirataki itself is a food that has a shape like noodles with the basic ingredients of glucomannan or a type of fiber that comes from the root of the konjac or konnyaku plant. This type of noodle has been widely consumed by Japanese people.

Shirataki can be said to be a food that has a fairly high calorie content, which is 3 kcal per serving or around 85 grams. How to serve shirataki dishes can also be said to be quite easy. You only need to boil the shirataki in water for two minutes, then, you can reheat them using a non-stick pan.

2. Corn

The second alternative food besides rice is corn. Corn is certainly no stranger to Indonesians. Jagong itself turns out to be able to be used as a source of carbohydrates that can replace the function of rice.

As quoted from Very Well FIt, 100 grams of corn kernels contain about 86 calories and various types of B vitamins. As an alternative food to replace rice, corn contains a lot of fiber to help lower bad cholesterol levels in the body. How to eat corn can also be served like rice or flour.

3. Potatoes

The third alternative food besides rice is potatoes. After corn, potatoes can be a food that can be used as a substitute for rice. Potato itself is known as one of the tubers that has a fairly high fiber content. This can make potatoes very suitable for maintaining digestive health.

How to eat potatoes is quite easy, all you have to do is boil or steam potatoes to serve with a variety of other side dishes. You can also make potatoes into mashed potatoes or often called mashed potatoes. Growing potatoes are usually chosen to have a more savory taste.

4. Oatmeal

The fourth alternative food besides rice is oatmeal or often called oatmeal. The fiber content found in oatmeal can make the body feel full longer than rice. This of course makes oatmeal one of the foods that are suitable for people who want to lose weight.

According to the Healthline website, 100 grams of oatmeal can store up to 68 kcal of calories. In addition, oatmeal also contains other nutrients, starting from vitamin A, calcium, potassium and of course vitamin B6. Someone who eats oatmeal regularly every day will be able to lower cholesterol and sugar levels in the blood so that it is healthier for the body.

5. Brown rice

The fifth alternative food besides rice is brown rice. Even though it has almost the same shape as white rice, brown rice is a source of complex carbohydrates that has a fairly low glycemic index. Not only does it have a low glycemic index, red rice also stores a fairly high content of vitamins B6, zinc, and iron.

Brown rice can be an alternative food besides rice which can be consumed like when consuming white rice. It’s just that, the difference in how to cook brown rice with white rice lies in the amount of water. Red rice requires quite a lot of water so that it has a texture that is not hard like regular white rice.

6. Sweet potato

The sixth alternative food besides rice is sweet potato. Apart from potatoes, sweet potatoes can also be used as a substitute for rice. It is known that every 100 grams of sweet potato has a calorie content of 86 kcal and a protein content of 1.6 grams. How to consume sweet potatoes itself is very diverse, from boiling, steaming, to even frying.

For those of you who like to cook, you can add other ingredients to sweet potatoes. However, you still have to pay attention to additional food ingredients so that the calories in sweet potatoes do not increase. Some people often make baked sweet potato donuts as a delicious and easy snack to make.

7. Quinoa

The seventh alternative to rice is quinoa. Currently, quinoa is chosen as a food substitute for rice which is quite popular for many people. This is because these foods do not contain gluten, but have a high protein content. For example, 92 grams of quinoa is known to contain four grams of protein. This amount is of course more than double when compared to plain white rice.

In addition to its high protein content, quinoa also contains essential amino acids which are very good for meeting the body’s needs. How to cook quinoa itself is quite easy, all you have to do is mix it with water and bring it to a boil. Next, you can cover the lid and reduce the heat until the water is simmering and all the water has absorbed into the quinoa. Finally, you can remove the cooked quinoa to let it rest for five minutes. Quinoa is ready to be served with side dishes.

8. Bulgur

The eighth alternative food besides rice is bulgur. Bulgur itself is known as a type of wheat that is very suitable for meeting carbohydrate needs when on a diet program. Bulgur beans basically have a texture and taste similar to rice.

How to cook bulgur itself is almost the same as rice or shirataki noodles. Every one cup or about 100 grams of bulgur has a calorie content of only around 76 kcal. This amount is of course slightly lower than the usual white rice consumed every day.

9. Cauliflower

The ninth alternative food besides rice is cauliflower. Cauliflower can be served like rice, namely by boiling it as a substitute for rice. Cauliflower itself contains carbohydrates and calories which can be said to be quite low when compared to white rice. Every one cup of cauliflower rice or around 57 grams only has a calorie content of around 13 kcal

One way that is often used to serve this vegetable is by making cauliflower rice. The first step that can be done is to cut the flower and then grate it. Well, grated cauliflower can then be steamed or boiled for five minutes.

10. Cabbage or cabbage

The tenth alternative food besides rice is cabbage or cabbage. Apart from cauliflower, cabbage can also be used as a substitute for rice. Every one cup of cabbage or about 70 grams only contains 17 kcal of calories. Plus, cabbage is also rich in vitamin K so that it can meet the 68 percent needed by the body every day.

Cabbage or cabbage is very suitable for people who are on a diet program. This is because cabbage or cabbage has a fairly low calorie and carbohydrate content. Not only that, the taste given by the sweet potato itself tends to be milder so it will be delicious when consumed with various types of vegetables or other side dishes.

11. Cuscus

The eleventh alternative food besides rice is couscous or often called couscous. Steam itself can be known as a kind of grain that can be used to help lose one’s weight.

These grains can be said to have a low carbohydrate content. However, couscous stores a lot of protein and fiber which are good for the body. Couscous also has slightly smaller calories than white rice and quinoa. It’s just that, couscous is not free of gluten.

12. Cassava

The twelfth alternative food besides rice is cassava. Basically, cassava has a calorie content that is not too different from white rice. However, cassava can be an option as a replacement food that is rich in carbohydrates.

For the Indonesian region itself, cassava has been processed into various types of dishes. Starting from snacks, flour, even cassava rice. Rice from cassava is often referred to as tiwul. It is said that tiwul is a staple food for people who have relatively barren areas, such as Wonogiri and Gunung Kidul. In both areas, tiwul is still a food alternative to rice when the economy is struggling.

13. Garbanzo beans

The thirteenth alternative food besides rice is garbanzo beans or commonly known as chickpeas or chickpeas. This rice substitute food can be used as an ingredient for typical Middle Eastern dishes.

Based on an article from the Healthline website, every 28 grams of garbanzo beans have calories of 46 kcal. Apart from that, these nuts can also be an option as a source of protein, especially for people who often feel tired. How to cook garbanzo beans yourself can be said to be quite easy, these beans can be used as a mixture for soup or hummus.

14. Broccoli

The fourteenth alternative food besides rice is broccoli. Almost the same as cauliflower, broccoli can be served by boiling or clustering as a substitute for white rice. In 57 grams of boiled broccoli only store calories as much as 15 kcal and fiber content up to two grams.

Not only this content, broccoli is also a vegetable that is rich in vitamin C. Every 57 grams of broccoli can meet the daily vitamin requirement for the human body by 25 percent.

15. Whole grain risoni

The last alternative food besides rice is whole wheat risoni. This food is known as whole wheat orzo. Risoni or orzo is basically a type of pasta that has a shape, size and texture similar to rice.

This food has a basic ingredient of whole wheat which contains more fiber and protein than regular risoni. This is what makes risoni a substitute for rice because it can be a good source of fiber and carbohydrates for the diet. How to cook risoni also like pasta food in general. It’s just that, the risoni needs to be cooked by paying attention to the right temperature and time so it doesn’t become too soft.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

140 Logical Riddles – Guessing games have been around since we were kids. In fact, every generation will always have children who like to play charades. Playing guessing games is a very fun game because every guessing game is always funny, causing laughter. Even though children often play it, it is not uncommon for adults to take part in this game, especially when they are together.

His name is also a guessing game, for sure every question given will produce unexpected answers. In fact, the answers given are sometimes strange or absurd . Precisely the strange answers that awaited. The weirder the answers are, the funnier the guesses are.

Not a few also play guessing games with their families. By playing guessing games with the family, the family atmosphere will be fun because there will be lots of sounds of laughter that can be heard. So, who do you prefer to play guessing games with?

Sinaumed’s, you want to play a guessing game, but don’t have any guesswork yet? Don’t worry, below there will be lots of riddles that you can use to play charades when you are together.

Logical Guesses Related to Body Parts

1. What eyes don’t wear glasses?

Answer: Ankles

2. Wash what never use soap?

Answer: Wash the eyes

3. It’s in front of your eyes but you can’t see it, what is it?

Answer: Eyelashes

4. When they are small they are black, but when they grow up they turn white, what is that?

Answer: Hair

Logic Guesses related to Objects

5. What objects are shorter when connected than disconnected?

Answer: Cloth sarong

6. If stepped on it will always go anywhere, if not stepped on will it just stay where it is?

Answer: Flip Flops

7. Have arms but no fingers, have a neck but no head, what is that?

Answer: Clothes

8. What eye is used for cutting?

Answer: Blade

9. What gloves are suitable for fighting?

Answer: Boxing gloves

10. If you have a full stomach, if you look up it is empty, what is that?

Answer: Hat

11. Whose child can move fast?

Answer: Arrows

12. What object can go around the world without having to go where you come from?

Answer: Stamps

13. What bicycle cannot be painted?

Answer: The bike is lost

14. What door, when pushed by many people, still cannot be opened?

The answer: The door that says “PULL”

15. When is the right time to open the door?

Answer: When the door is closed

16. Instead of being hugged by a child, picked instead of fruit, then what is that?

Answer: Guitar

17. Why does the door always face the sun?

Answer: Because if it faces the wall it cannot be opened

18. The more you beat it, the louder and more melodious the sound it produces, what is that?

Answer: Drums

19. What minister is always holding his head?

Answer: Minister of chess

20. He is always above the head of the President, Ministers or Regional Officials. But he has no position in government. Who is he?

Answer: He is Peci

21. This object is very afraid of rain, but it flies very high. What is that object?

Answer: Kites

22. I am an object that people always hit in a crowded place, what object am I?

Answer: Drum

23. What box can give a person a job title?

Answer: Voicemail

24. I am made of glass and I can be filled with water. I am usually used as a shelter for animals. Who am I?

Answer: Aquarium

25. The first person to close and the second to open, what object am I?

Answer: Envelope

26. I am an object that always wastes water, who am I?

Answer: Dipper

27. If you want to go left or right it will blink, what is that thing?

Answer: Turn signal

28. Has a lot of teeth and how to eat back and forth to make a sound. What is that thing?

Answer: Chainsaw

29. I am an object that if stretched will increase in length and if released will shorten. What thing am I?

Answer: Rubber

30. My top is always clean and shiny, but my bottom is always dirty. What thing am I?

Answer: Shoes

Animal-Related Logic Riddles

31. What ticks always come out of the mouth?

Answer: Curse

32. What tires can butt?

Answer: Bull

33. All chickens lay eggs, so where does the rooster lay eggs?

Answer: No, roosters never lay eggs.

34. Electricity that can swim in the sea?

Answer: Electric eel

35. What powder can’t be sold?

Answer: One horn powder

36. What animal has only 2 letters?

Answer: ShrimpG

37. What animal is always the victim of blackmail?

Answer: Dairy cows

38. What chicken can lay its eggs in a mountain, in a valley, in a tiger’s den, or anywhere else?

Answer: Hen

39. What fish should not be put in a freshwater aquarium?

Answer: Fried fish

40. What horse always dares to kick or throw off the king?

Answer: Chess horse

41. What war are rats always afraid of?

Answer: Mousetrap

42. What chicken cannot lay eggs?

Answer: Grilled chicken

43. Which animal remains the same when called back and forth?

Answer: Frog or Toad

44. What house cannot the crowd enter?

Answer: Conch house

45. When a child is born with a mustache, what child is that?

Answer: Kitten

46. ​​What elephant has so much water that it overflows?

Answer: Gajahmungkur (the name of the dam in Central Java)

47. A rooster mates with a kate chicken, what will the resulting chicken egg be?

Answer: So chicks

48. Animals that are always victims of sins committed by people, what animal am I?

Answer: Scapegoat

49. The object is on the neck of the shirt, the animal is on the flower, what is that object?

Answer: Bow tie

50. The door that always makes bad people good?

Answer: The door of repentance

51. I am an animal that has no bones but, has many arms. Every liquid I have is the same as the color of a normal pen. Who am I?

Answer: Squid

52. What animal is never young?

Answer: Parrots

53. Staying up late is not a night watchman, buzzing is not a siren, stinging is not a bee. What animal am I?

Answer: Mosquitoes

54. Looking for food at night, hanging on during the day. What animal am I?

Answer: Bats

Logic Guesses related to Island or City

55. What Kali was very large and many people?

Answer: Borneo

56. What is the name of an island in Indonesia that doesn’t like staying up late?

Answer: Tidore Island

57. Which country has more than one capital city?

Answer: Lima (Peru’s capital city)

58. What city always feels sad?

Answer: Malang City

59. What is the name of the island where you always blush?

Answer: Maluku (my shame)

60. The name of the city that always wants to appear alone?

Answer: Solo City

61. The name of the bitter town?

Answer: City of Pare-Pare

62. What city smells like perfume?

Answer: Banyuwangi (fragrant water)

63. A country that is always known as new even though it has been established for a long time?

Answer: New Zealand

64. What is the name of the city that always sticks together or never separates?

Answer: Lembang (Lembang)

65. What city has language and fruit?

Answer: Sunda Kelapa

66. Was released, then arrested again. When it walks its tail will roll up its body. What is that thing?

Answer: Yoyos

Funny Logic Guesses

67. What lips are thick and never wear lipstick?

Answer: Lip of the well

68. What kind of bread never matches the price of the buyer?

Answer: Plain bread

69. What recipe can talk?

Answer: Receptionist

70. Where did grandma fall into the river?

Answer: Appearance in the newspaper

71. What was bought at a high price and finally torn apart?

Answer: Cinema Tickets

72. What kind of job solves a problem using one eye?

Answer: Photographer

73. What items can be bought but can’t be chosen?

Answer: Only one item left

74. Why do Harry Potter characters have funny faces?

Answer: Because if the face is scary it is mistaken for a tiger.

75. When are thieves not caught anymore?

Answer: The thief is still in jail.

76. Rabbits eat grass, chickens eat bran

Answer: Padang restaurant

77. What road has never been paved?

Answer: Railway or railroad tracks

78. There are three people walking under one small umbrella, but how come they don’t get caught in the rain?

Answer: That’s because it doesn’t rain

79. There was a king’s son who was abandoned by his father because he died. After being abandoned, then what would that child become?

Answer: Orphans

80. What water cannot be used for drinking, bathing, and washing?

Answer: Airports

81. What flower can’t most people smell?

Answer: Kebnag fire

82. A war that doesn’t use weapons but is very crowded, what kind of war is it?

Answer: War of words

83. What hair is never combed and can be eaten?

Answer: Rambutan

84. A drink that always depends on the price of rice, what is that drink?

Answer: Kencur rice drink

85. What snake do children like?

Answer: Snakes and ladders

86. Each tribe must have a chief, so what tribe does not have a chief?

Answer: Spare parts

87. What water can’t freeze?

Answer: Boiling water

88. A man who was studying in France suddenly died in Indonesia. What title will the man get?

Answer: The title of the deceased

89. In what era did elephants and chickens build a country?

Answer: Age of Majapahit (Gajah Mada and Hayam Wuruk)

90. What is found at the end of the sea?

Answer: The letter T

91. There is a delicious drink, but if we read it backwards, will it be the name of our body? What drink is it?

Answer: Milk; intestines

92. The mattress is narrow and I’m not feeling well, so how can I sleep?

Answer: Just brake

93. What is the difference between East and West?

Answer: Different direction

94. What suit do humans always have?

Answer: Physical

95. What person doesn’t hurt when they are hit?

Answer: People don’t get it

96. What line can determine a person’s destiny?

Answer: Lifeline

97. What kind of slam do most people like?

Answer: Lower the price

98. The path is always forward and never backwards. Every time he walks, the human age will increase. Who is he?

Answer: Time

99. Which is heavier, 5 kg of wheat flour and 5 kg of sago flour?

Answer: Nothing is heavier because they are both 5 kg

100. What eye becomes difficult if the owner dies?

Answer: Livelihoods

101. What food has the same name and color?

Answer: Chocolate

102. What kind of bus hurts the most when touched?

Answer: Boils

103. What bus has the slowest sound?

Answer: Whisper

104. What is the difference between film and painting?

Answer: Paintings use frames, films use extras

105. Spicy is not chili, it stings in the ear, what is it?

Answer: Criticism

106. Eating what can cause the body to be thin?

Answer: Eat liver

107. What basket can’t be used if it’s not hollow?

Answer: Basketball basket

108. What fruit if donated is very good for progress?

Answer: Thoughts

109. Throwing this one can look cute, but it can also look unsweet. Throw what is it?

Answer: Throw a smile

110. I really don’t like it when other people hear me. I don’t like being open with many people. Who am I?

Answer: Secret

111. If one person cannot answer, what will it be thrown at someone else?

Answer: Teacher’s question

112. What boss is always bored when given the same things?

Answer: Bored

113. What is that after taking a shower sleeping in the hot sun?

Answer: Clothesline

114. I am something that when other people hear me, that person’s heart will feel warm, who am I?

Answer: Slander

115. The food is in the air and we are not allowed to use our hands?

Answer: Cracker eating competition

116. How is hair different from an ice cube?

Answer: Colored hair will last longer, painted ice cubes will melt.

117. Is it good first, but hard later?

Answer: Debt

118. What flower makes human life lacking?

Answer: Deflation

119. The name is not cheap, but very historical?

Answer: The Taj Mahal

120. Burning what can make other people angry?

Answer: Burning emotions

Answer: If the dew drops in the morning, while the tears fall when sad.

122. The longer it will be less. Even though the number is always increasing, what is that?

Answer: Human age

123. What ocean is walkable?

Answer: Ocean of people

124. I have a very large mouth and my voice is so high-pitched that it sounds far away. Who am I?

Answer: Toak

125. Why in England do people breathe water?

Answer: Because in the water in English means air

126. There are two nights, one day, no evening?

Answer: Letter A

127. If I want to turn left, I will signal to the right. If you want to turn right, then I will give a signal to the left. So, I am a?

Answer: Duck herder

128. Balloons or lighters are more awesome?

Answer: Obviously a match, because if you hold the match close to the balloon, the balloon will explode. If the balloon is close to the match, then the balloon will still explode

129. What seeds are very easy to plant, but the results are not pleasant. What seeds are they?

Answer: Seeds of enmity

130. What is the name of a stone that cannot be used to build a house. What stone is it?

Answer: Batteries

131. I am a way that many people don’t know and sometimes I like to go around things, what way am I?

Answer: Thoughts

Plant Logic Guesses

132. I have a round shape like a fruit, but what is inside me is all in the shape of a leaf. Who am I?

Answer: Cauliflower or cabbage

133. My whole body is a stick. I often used to cook, who am I?

Answer: Lemongrass

134. What fruit always has a seed on the outside?

Answer: Cashews

135. I am often interpreted by the Sundanese as polite. Whereas by Jakartans I am often called the name of a fruit. What fruit am I?

Answer: Mango

136. I am a fruit that is always associated with some wealth. What fruit am I?

Answer: Srikaya

137. Name a fruit that has no brain?

Answer: All fruits are brainless

138. What fruit looks almost like a melon?

Answer: Cantaloupe

139. A vegetable that is often used to call a boy friend?

Answer: Broccoli (Bro-coli)

140. I am a food of much fruit. What food am I?

Answer: Rojak

Traditional Balinese Weapons – Bali still has traditional weapons which are still very well preserved. As we know, Bali still has a very strong culture, either as the identity of the people or the values ​​that are still upheld by the people until now. Bali is an area with many cultural characteristics, one of which is traditional weapons.

Currently, Balinese traditional weapons have shifted slightly and changed their function from their original function. Guns were originally a tool for self-defense and hunting wildlife, but are now rarely used. So far, traditional Balinese weapons have only been used in various Balinese rituals. The following is a list of traditional Balinese weapons that Sinaumed’s needs to recognize and know:

List of Names of Traditional Balinese Weapons

In practice, these traditional weapons in Bali have their own history and function. But now almost all of these traditional weapons function as tools for rituals or matters related to culture, such as the following traditional Balinese weapons:

1. New Elephant Kiris

The Ki Baru Gajah keris is a traditional Balinese weapon presented by Dang Hyang Dwijendra Saka in 1411. This keris is believed to be a keris that can bring prosperity to the Balinese people. Therefore, the Nglisah traditional calendar takes place every June (the Christian calendar) or the 210th day of the Balinese calendar.

The Nglisah tradition is a hereditary tradition that aims to purify the Keris. Cleaning is done by applying coconut oil to each Keris blade. The tradition is preserved as a form of respect and worship to the kris god known as Hyang Pasupati.

The Ki Baru Gajah keris is also trusted by the Balinese to help control all types of plant pests and ensure agricultural fertility. That is what makes this keris respected by the people of Bali. That is why the Ki Baru Gajah keris is closely related to various traditional ceremonies in Balinese culture.

2. Keris Tayuhan

The Tayuban keris is a dagger that comes from the culture of an ancient kingdom, namely the Majapahit kingdom. The Balinese see Keris as a symbol and identity. Not only that, the keris also has a high sacred value. As a result, the Tayuban Keris is always cared for both in terms of maintenance and storage. On the other hand, in terms of its function, the Tayuhan Keris is usually used as a means of self-defense, especially during times of war.

But over time, the function of this keris is to become an heirloom with various decorations such as decorations on the handle, blade and scabbard. The Tayuhan Keris is usually cleaned during the annual turnover and other religious ceremonies in Bali. Keris Tayuhan is the name given to a Keris made for supernatural powers (luck), not beauty.

This keris is often cleaned by Balinese people at New Year’s ceremonies and other religious ceremonies. Usually this type of keris has a haunted impression and carries an aura that is sometimes frightening, so it is often purified or purified. So do not be surprised if the care and storage of this keris is always a consideration.

3. Balinese Kris

Keris is a traditional weapon from Java. Including the place where the Bali region was first taken over during the Majapahit Kingdom, so that it was also influenced by its culture. So the Balinese started making Keris in 1343 to be exact. Balinese Keris and Javanese Keris were of different sizes, where the Javanese type of keris tended to be smaller in size.

Meanwhile, the Balinese keris is slightly larger in shape, which has a different ornament on the keris sheath. Not only the size and sheath, but also the shape of the handle design. The handle of the Balinese keris is more complicated than the handle of the usual Javanese type of keris.

The similarity between these two kerises is that the keris curves are made during the manufacturing process, but the number of Javanese keris curves must always be odd. This also happens when making Balinese keris, where a perfect keris must always have odd curves. Because the shape of the Keris itself contains elements of its own philosophy.

4. Panambad

The Panambad weapon is a traditional weapon that was born in Bali and has various advantages according to needs. For example, it is used to cut bamboo and cut grass. Panambad has a simple shape and is not much different from a knife. The only difference was the length of the blade, which was much longer than a typical modern knife.

The algae themselves are made of wood and are very easy to find. This weapon is still valid today, because it is always used by Balinese people in all walks of life. Penampad is a traditional Balinese weapon shaped like a long sword like a knife and is often used to clear the grass on the slopes of the rice fields (Garengan). The Panambad Weapon is not a weapon intended for war or combat.

5. Trident Bali

Trisula is a traditional Balinese weapon that has three very sharp spearheads. The name Trisula comes from the Sanskrit word Tri which means three and Sula which means spear. On the other hand, the Trident weapon can help stab or injure enemies in hand-to-hand combat. The advantage of the Trident is its undoubted sharpness.

Even this traditional weapon allows each spear head to enlarge the wound on the victim’s body. The weakness of the Trident Spear is that this weapon is not strong enough to deal with enemies at medium to long distances. As a result, the user of the weapon would not be able to accidentally throw something like a javelin.

The Trisula weapon is also known as one of the Trimurti, the weapon of Lord Shiva. The Balinese who are loyal to the Hindu-Buddhist religion make this weapon, so they have a special character in their hearts. The trident is Shiva’s main weapon which is one of the three main gods (Trimurti) which was often worshiped during the heyday of the Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Java.

As in Roman and Greek pagan religions, the sea god Poseidon (Neptune) always had a Trident weapon. In ancient Greek culture, the god Poseidon who has a trident is the main god and no less important than the god Zeus.

6. Wedhung

Wedhung is a traditional weapon which is a symbol of the willingness to serve a subordinate to his boss or employer. Meaning, when a subordinate married her, it could be considered as a pledge of allegiance to his superior until the end of his life.

Wedhung traditional weapons are also found in the Cirebon area. The difference lies in the sculptural motifs. The Wedhung weapon from Bali has patterned eyes, but the Cirebon Wedhung does not have this motif. The Wedhung weapon is a forged metal dagger or knife with a wooden handle.

Usually a little bigger. The length of this weapon is about 38 cm. The function of this traditional Balinese weapon is also increasingly shifting. Because of its unique motif, Balinese Wedhung is currently widely used for decoration or weapons in traditional ceremonies. In ancient times, this weapon was commonly used by the community as a weapon of war and fighting against enemies, or as a sharp weapon in the kitchen or a tool for cutting meat and other hard materials.

7. Balinese Tiuk Knife

Tiuk knife is a small tool that has artistic value for Balinese culture. This Tiuk Knife is an object that cannot be separated from the style and exotic nuances of Balinese culture. Tiuk knives are usually used for cooking, slicing meat and processing other ingredients.

Although knives have artistic value, small items are always used for everyday household needs. The Tiuk weapon itself is a traditional weapon such as a keris/knife and is very similar to the Wedhung. The difference is, wedhung is usually used by men as a defense in war.

Tiuk is used for cooking utensils, offerings, or other kitchen needs. Tiuk is also simpler than Wedhung. Of course, the function behind all these differences in Balinese daily life is very important.

8. Kandik

Kandik is a traditional Balinese weapon used to chop trees, chop wood, or do something that requires a lot of energy. Kandik is relatively large and heavy, so not all of these people can use Kandik weapons properly. Kandik is a typical Balinese weapon that comes from the Balinese language which means axe.

Judging from its large and heavy shape, this weapon is a royal weapon made of iron or steel and forged for a long time with an unusual process. Here’s how to make a super powerful powerful weapon. Kandik’s distinctive feature was that the hilt was longer than that of an ordinary ax. Kandik is often used for heavy work.

9. Taji or Tajen

The Taji weapon is a traditional Balinese weapon used for cockfighting as the main weapon. To use this weapon tied to a chicken leg as a weapon. Apart from that, this weapon is also commonly used when casting traditional spirits. The ceremony is carried out by shedding animal blood from the slaughterhouse.

The Balinese are no strangers to cockfighting and often use taji as their main weapon in this activity. Using this weapon is very easy. In other words, simply tying it to a chicken leg as a weapon. Apart from being used for cockfights, these spurs are also commonly used in traditional spiritual rituals.

This ritual is carried out by spraying the animal’s blood at the time of slaughter. Until now, this traditional weapon and cockfighting culture has become a common practice and is still associated with the daily life of the Balinese people.

10. Caluk

The Caluk weapon is a traditional Balinese weapon in the form of a curved blade with a long hilt or handle. Long algae have the ability to reach much higher areas with weapons. For example, if you want to harvest fruit or cut high branches.

This weapon is made of iron or copper arranged in such a way as to create a unique shape. The shaft of this traditional weapon is made of wood which is also locked with a very strong copper material. Even though its function sounds trivial, this tool is very useful and important for the activities of Balinese people who are still closely related to farming activities.

Caluk is a traditional weapon that actually exists in other areas, but with different names. Even though it is not a weapon of war, Celuk is one of the traditional Balinese weapons that is still preserved today.

11. Sickles

The Arit weapon is a traditional Balinese weapon which is shaped like a half-circle crescent and is made of strong steel. This weapon has the same shape as Arit Madura, which is a curved blade. The Balinese themselves use sickles when traveling to the fields and gardens to find grass and work in the fields.

Sickles are sharp objects made of strong and sturdy steel. Even though the shape is simple. However, these weapons can be very dangerous. This is because the bend is very sharp. Therefore this weapon had become a weapon of ancient war for the people of Bali. having a sturdy and frightening shape makes this traditional weapon the main weapon of the soldiers.

Apart from Balinese culture, sickle weapons are also found in many other cultures. Like Madura which is commonly called sickle, or in Betawi culture which is commonly called sickle.

12. Blakas

Blakas is a traditional Balinese weapon similar to machetes and kitchen machetes. This weapon is made of steel with a wooden handle. Blakas are usually used for kitchen purposes and can also be used for slaughtering sacrificial animals. With a two-dimensional blade in the sheath, Blakas is one of the best weapon choices.

One blade was very thick and heavy, while the other blade was thin and light. At first glance the weapon resembles a Blakas (Cepot Machete), or people know it as a kitchen machete. This weapon looks very effective for cutting things.

There are two different blades in one scabbard, which is unique, unlike ordinary knives. Besides that, this traditional weapon was also often carried by Balinese people in ancient times as a means of self-protection from enemies or wild animals. Its sturdy, strong and sharp weapons made the Balinese at that time confident if they carried this weapon under their clothes.

13. Spear

The spear is an ancient weapon of war in Balinese culture. Spears are often used by soldiers to act as weapons of war. Spear weapons are displayed in Balinese dance or what is called the Wirayuda dance. This dance is a war dance performed by 2 to 4 dancers with spear weapons. The dance depicts a group of Dwipa Bali warriors preparing to advance to the battlefield.

The spear is a weapon that symbolizes sharpness of heart, and is generally characterized by the weapons of the gods, including Ayuda Dewata at the top. On the islands themselves, spears were used as weapons of war by soldiers of ancient kingdoms. In Balinese history, the spear is depicted in a Balinese dance known as the Wirayuda dance.

Until now, this spear weapon is still widely used in traditional ceremonies because this traditional weapon is still closely related to the people of Bali. That is why we are no strangers to Balinese spears when visiting this area because there are many traditional performances using this traditional weapon.

14. Bow and Arrow

Bows and arrows are the most commonly used weapons among the inhabitants of the archipelago. This includes the Balinese people who are still closely related to their culture. The curved shape of the bow can support the force of the spring, allowing the arrow to glide towards the target or enemy. This weapon is none other than functioning as a weapon of war which is closely related to combat.

The Nature of Light – Does Sinaumed’s like things that are bright and luminous? Exactly, light is an important thing in human life that is used in the needs of daily activities. Humans will definitely experience difficulties if there is no light or lack of light in life, both sunlight and other artificial lighting. Even in some sectors are very dependent and rely on the nature of light. 

Apart from being studied in science subject matter at school, Sinaumed’s also needs to know and understand the properties of light in its function in everyday life. The following is an explanation of the meaning and properties of light that Sinaumed’s needs to see in order to maximize the function of light: 

UNDERSTANDING OF LIGHT

Light is one of the energies that has visible electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of about 380 to 750 nm. Light waves do not need a medium to propagate, which is why light can still propagate even in a vacuum. For example, sunlight can still reach the earth even though it passes through a vacuum in space in a matter of 300 million m/s. 

The sun is called a source of light because it is capable of emitting light waves. Besides the sun, the source of light is fire, torches, lamps, candles, and so on. In the study of physics, light waves are included in the energy group which can be in the form of energy. In this case radiation is a form that radiates outward from a light source but is not a substance in the form of solid, liquid, or gas.  

Isaac Newton once revealed in the Hypothesis of Light in 1675 that light consists of fine particles that radiate in all directions from their point of origin. A light source is an object that can produce light. Based on the source, light is then divided into two, namely light that comes from the object itself and light that emanates from other objects due to the reflection of light from the surface of the object. 

It is from this light source that light then has the characteristics that characterize light as an energy wave that humans need. 

PROPERTIES OF LIGHT

In practice, light as a wave of energy has properties or characteristics that can be used as its purpose and function in everyday life. The nature of this light is different from other forms of energy, such as sound, vibration, and so on. Following are the properties of light that Sinaumed’s needs to know along with examples in daily life activities: 

1. Can Creep Straight

Light can propagate straight if it passes through an intermediary medium that has the same or equivalent particles. The intermediate medium must have the same optical density so that light can propagate straight. The phenomenon that can prove that light can propagate straight is the sun as the largest source of light on earth which has a straight beam. This happens because of the propagation of sunlight to the earth, so there is day and night. 

Besides that, the phenomenon of solar eclipses and lunar eclipses proves that light can propagate straight. In this phenomenon, the sun’s rays are blocked by the moon, making part of the earth dark. An example of the nature of light that propagates straight can also be found by Sinaumed’s in everyday life, namely when a flashlight is facing forward, it will radiate straight according to what we point the flashlight at. 

2. Can Be Reflected Or Reflection

Light can be reflected by emitting light back from the surface of the object that is exposed to light. The nature of the reflection possessed by this light can be divided into two, namely regular reflection and diffuse or diffuse reflection. In the process of regular reflection, light beams will reflect parallel, like when Sinaumed’s played during the day carrying a mirror to reflect light. When directing the mirror in the direction of light, it can be reflected in all directions from the reflected light of the sun. 

While diffuse reflection is the reflection of light that occurs on an uneven surface. For example, the reflection of light on water, rocks, trees, shoes, and asphalt. Mirrors that use the nature of light reflection are divided into flat mirrors, convex mirrors, and concave mirrors. 

3. Can Penetrate Clear Objects

Objects that are clear or transparent can be penetrated by light. Objects that have colorless or transparent particles can be propagated by light easily. This can happen because clear or transparent objects are able to transmit light. For example, clear glass windows cannot block sunlight from entering the house. We can still see out of the glass window because light can still penetrate outside the clear glass and be caught by our eyes. 

4. May Experience Interference

Light can experience interference, that is, it can combine from two or more waves. Light can propagate more than one wave because light is one of the strongest energies. For example, light can travel through air, water, and solid at the same time with different waves. 

5. Can be Refracted or Deflected (Refraction)

Light can be refracted when light moves obliquely through a medium of different density, such as from air then through water, so that light undergoes refraction and deflection in that medium. The nature of light that can be refracted or bent is widely used for various optical devices. An example that Sinaumed’s can find is seeing a pool that looks shallow because the water is clear, even though the pool could have depth.  

Apart from that, Sinaumed’s can also pay attention when swimming and place a stick in the part of the water that is exposed to sunlight, so when viewed from above the stick will appear larger than its original size. Even simpler, Sinaumed’s was able to prove that light has the property of refraction or can be refracted through a clear glass of water where a pencil is placed. Take a look, the pencil will look broken or bent because sunlight passes through the air and water in the glass and it bends in the direction of propagation.

6. Decompose Or Disperse

Light can be described or dispersed naturally, for example like what happens in a rainbow. The color of the rainbow actually comes from only one color, namely the white color of sunlight. Then the color of the sunlight is refracted by the raindrops, causing the rainbow colors to decompose and produce a variety of beautiful colors. The white color of the sun becomes the color of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple light. 

Decomposable light is a form of separation of visible light into light of different colors. An example of decomposition of light other than a rainbow is a prism that is illuminated by a flashlight, so one color of the flashlight will decompose into various colors if it penetrates the prism.  

7. Can Experience Diffraction Or Flexion

Light can experience diffraction or bending in a narrow field. Light waves that experience bending because it propagates towards light that passes through a narrow gap. An example of light that has the property of diffraction is that light can enter the slightest hole in the room. For example, Sinaumed’s can still find light coming into the room even though all corners are closed because light can enter even in narrow gaps. This deflection of diffracted light will create dark and bright areas in certain rooms that are exposed to light. 

8. Can Experience Polarization

Light can also experience polarization, which is to absorb some of the direction of vibration of light so that the light can partially lose its direction of vibration. Light can be surrendered or polarized by propagating in all directions perpendicular to the direction of propagation it has. For example, light can be said to be polarized if it only propagates in one direction. 

9. Absorbable Or Absorption

Light can be absorbed when it enters a transparent material. Some of the light energy will be dissipated or reduced in heat energy. This indicates that the light intensity will decrease or absorption in certain materials. For example, light will more easily pass through a transparent object than through an object that has a denser material. 

10. Has Energy

Light certainly has energy because it can propagate in certain waves and has a mass form, even though it is not a substance, that is, it is not solid, liquid, or gas. The thing that proves that light has energy is sunlight that has a certain heat or temperature that can change certain substances. For example, if Sinaumed’s hangs wet clothes in the sun, then over time the clothes will dry because water evaporation occurs in the clothes due to the heat that comes from the sun. 

The heat that emerges from the sun is also marked by the appearance of the sun’s light itself. Another example is the use of sunlight as solar power as heat and electricity energy that comes from sunlight. 

11. Can Propagate Without Medium

In general, certain energy waves require a medium to propagate, such as sound energy which requires air to propagate and produce sound. In contrast to light energy which can still propagate even though it does not have an intermediary medium. For example, sunlight can reach the earth even though it is very far from the earth and passes through the empty space in outer space. 

If light cannot propagate without a medium, then sunlight will never reach the earth. In addition, Sinaumed’s can still see light in an airtight room, even if there is a gap for the light to shine into the room. 

12. Dualism in nature

Light has the nature of dualism because it can be called both a wave and a particular particle. Light can be called a wave because light does have a certain wavelength. Meanwhile, light is also composed of certain particles that form it, even though they are not substances, such as solid, liquid, and gas. 

Light has particles once revealed by an American scientist named Arthur Compton who revealed that there were collisions between the particles that make up light and certain electrons. The dual nature of light can appear naturally or artificially, namely sunlight and light from lamps due to electricity, light from candles due to fire, and so on.  

13. Can Be Emitted In The Form Of Radiation

Light can be in the form of radiation because it has energy that can be emitted in the form of waves and certain heat without even a medium or intermediary. The proof that light can be in the form of radiation is that light has energy and is a form of heat. For example, Sinaumed’s will feel hot if it is long in the sun or around a lamp, or a high-power laser. We all know that sunlight has radiation which can also be bad for human skin, ie UV rays. 

14. Consists of Various Colors

Does Sinaumed’s know what color sunlight is? Sinaumed’s needs to know that the color of sunlight is white. Actually, there are various colors of light which are then called polychromatic light. Examples of light that has colored properties can be found in the colors of the rainbow, which is the refraction and decomposition of light through raindrops in clouds. 

The light that appears as a result of refraction is called a single light. The resulting light color can no longer be broken down or refracted and is called monochromatic light. Examples of the color of light can be identified by Sinaumed’s from the colors of the rainbow, namely red, orange, yellow, blue, green, indigo, and purple. 

EQUIPMENT THAT UTILIZES THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT

Based on the understanding and properties of light above, Sinaumed’s can find several tools that rely heavily on the function of the properties of light to run their tools, such as the following:

1. Periscope is one of the equipment commonly used in submarines whose function is to see the situation above sea level at a certain distance, even though it is very far away. This tool takes advantage of the reflective properties of light which can maximize periscope visibility over a very wide expanse of sea.  
2. A magnifying glass lens is a tool usually used to see small objects, for example when you want to repair a watch. This tool is made of a convex lens that utilizes the nature of light reflection or reflection of light on certain objects. 
3. A microscope is an instrument used to view very small objects using a convex mirror or lens. This tool also takes advantage of the nature of light that can be reflected or reflected on certain objects. The microscope is a very important tool in the laboratory world, both physics, chemistry, to medicine and has become a sophisticated tool in current science. 
4. The camera is a tool that relies on the lens for its function of taking pictures and requires the function of light to produce good pictures. Cameras need properties that can reflect light. 

Well, that’s an explanation of light, from understanding to examples and equipment that utilizes the properties of light in daily activities. Can Sinaumed’s recognize the properties of light in everyday life? Sinaumed’s will often encounter phenomena that show the nature of light in the surrounding environment. This shows that humans are very dependent on light energy for daily activities and survival. As a natural phenomenon as well as man-made energy, light can be said to be the source of human life. 

Sinaumed’s can visit sinaumedia’s book collection at www.sinaumedia. c om to obtain references about light. Both for the needs of subject matter in schools and broader forms of prevention. We have even studied material about the properties of light since elementary school science subjects, so now there is no excuse for not knowing the properties of light. The following is a recommendation for sinaumedia books that Sinaumed’s can read about light in science subjects at SD, SMP, SMP, or equivalent: Enjoy studying. #Friends Without Limits 

Book & Article Recommendations

Regional Songs of North Sumatra – Every region in Indonesia generally has a unique culture. Therefore, Indonesia is also known for its cultural diversity. One of the provinces that has a variety of unique cultures is North Sumatra.

In the area of ​​North Sumatra, it is not only having musical instruments and dances that are well known by the wider community. However, this province is also known for its folk songs. On this occasion, we will discuss the traditional songs of North Sumatra.

Regional Song of North Sumatra

In addition to various musical instruments, North Sumatra also has a musical culture of regional songs which is no less interesting. Some of these songs are well known outside the North Sumatra region, even on a national scale.

The colors of the North Sumatra regional songs have also been influenced by the cultural background of the local tribes, moral messages to religious nuances. Among them tell about matters of love, social relations, complaints to the relationship between parents and children.

1. The song Madekdek Magambiri

Madekdek Magambiri song lyrics

Madekdek magambiri dahasian
Sai madekdek tu alaman dahasian
Da lobby au na butong manganese da hasian
Molo dung hu be ge soara mi dahasian
Da lobby au na butong manganese da hasian 

Madekdek magambiri dahasian
Sai madekdek so marisi dahasian
Molo dung hu be ge broadcast mi dahasian
Dina modom au marnipi da hasian
Molo dung hu be ge soara mi dahasian
Dina modom au marnipi da hasian
Dina modom au marnipi da hasian

The meaning of the song Madekdek Magambiri

Madekdek magambiri is a folk song from North Sumatra which tells about the expression of a person’s longing for his lover. In the lyrics of the song, the voice of the lover is a need to treat homesickness which is likened to the need to eat to get rid of hunger.

2. Song of Sinanggar Tulo

Singar Tulo song lyrics

Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo 

Sada two to….lu
Binilang ni da pamila….ngi
Jong Jong hami na to…lu
Jumulo Hami marsatta…BI

Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo Sinanggar
tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Mardalan motorbike sedans…and
Marsibolusan dohot le…Reng
Mardalan si pori…
Buriapus tires molo hube…. battens 

Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo 

This is very good, so…lu
Sai, friend-in-law, botte…an
Leleng Hita MANGO…lu
Sai, friend, panggabe….an 

Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo
Sinanggar tullo tullo a tullo

The meaning of the song Sinanggar Tulo

Sinanggar Tulo is one of the regional songs of North Sumatra which is quite well known even outside the North Sumatra region. This song is usually used to enliven the art of the Tortor Dance. In the lyrics, this song tells about the lamentations of a young man who has to obey his mother, who wants her son to have a girlfriend from the same clan as him, namely Tobing.

3. Rambadia song

Rambadia song lyrics

Rambadia Ramba munadaito
Rio Rio Ramba naPoso
Margadia marga munadaito
Uso uso nasi umboto 

Ala tipang tipang tipang polo labaya
Ala rudeng rudeng Pong
Ala tipang tipang
pololabaya 

I Anggo Ramba Nami daito
Parasaran ni borong borong
I Anggo clan nami daito
Inda flat paboa boa 

Ala tipang tipang tipang polo labaya
Ala rudeng
rudeng pong

The meaning of the song Rambadia

Rambadia, which is a regional song from North Sumatra, contains a culture of brotherhood among the Batak people. In the lyrics, it is described how the culture of greeting and introduction to new people. Where, the Batak people have strong solidarity with people of the same clan or clan with them.

4. Song of Allusion Au

Lyrics of Song Alusi Au

Marragam-range do Anggo confiscation in Hita humans
Marasing
Foreign maragas do anggo pangidoan ganup ganup jolma
Hamoraon hagabeon hasangapon ido dilului nadeba
Dina deba origin ma tarbarita goarna tahe 

Anggo in foreign au tung do confiscation foreign pangidoanku
Mansai ambal be unang manicak pattern hamu sude in ahu
Sasude na hu goarmi in dadal saut in ahu
Sita confiscate in foreign au tung situtu do tahe 

Tung holong ni rohami sambing do na huparsitta sitta
Tung denggan ni basam basami do na hu paima ima
Asi ni roham ma ito unang loas au maila
Beha roham dok ma hatam alusi au 

Allusion au… allusion au…

The meaning of the song Alusi Au

Alusi Au is a North Sumatran folk song composed by Nahum Situmorang, a Batak writer and songwriter. This song tells about human hopes and desires. In general, many people wish for success, wealth, honor, or fame.

But in this song, a man aspires more to the affection of a woman who is coveted. Through this song, the man expresses his affection and the seriousness of his love, and demands certainty of answers from the woman he desires.

5. Song of Dago Host Sarge

Dago Inang Sarge Lyrics

Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Da Songoni doho hape 

Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Da Songoni doho hape 

Tu Ginjang ninna porda
Da tu toruan pambarbaran
Tu Ginjang ninna roha
Patutoru Ho do sibaran 

Tudia ma luluan
Bonani sotul da bahen soban
Tudia ma luluan
Boru sitompul siadopan 

Dago Inang sarge
Dago host Sarge
Dago host Sarge
Dasongoni do ho hape 

Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Da Songoni doho hape 

Habang pidong sibigo
Paihut-ihut aek sabulan
Sai luhut na tapangido
Sai body is blessed by God 

Sahat-sahat ni solu
Sai sahat ma da tu bontean 

Leleng hita mangolu
Sai sahat ma tu panggabean 

Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Da Songoni doho hape 

Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Dago Host Sarge
Da Songoni doho hape

Meaning of Dago Inang Sarge’s Song

The song Dago Inang Sarge comes from the Tapanuli area, North Sumatra. This song itself tells the story of two lovers who love each other. However, the relationship between the lovers was not given the blessing of their parents.

6. Sigulempong Song

Sigulempong song lyrics

Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale
Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale 

Nata nitip studio sigule gulempong
Sai bahen huru huru sigule sigulempong sigule gule
Jolo sinukkun clan sigule gulempong
Molo sai rap hita nadua sigule sigulempong sigule gule
Sirma inang sarge
da i sir ma inang sarge
Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale
Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale

Salendang kerchief sigule gulempong
Above this batunadua sigule sigulempong sigule gule
Leleng ma ho ito da sigule gulempong
da sai hupaima ima sigule sigulempong sigule gule

Sirma inang sarge
da i sir ma inang sarge
Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale
Tarsongoni doho hape
pargonting na dauk gale

Sigulempong Song Meaning

Based on several sources, this Sigulempong song does not have a definite meaning or it can be said that it is difficult to interpret. Even so, there are also sources who say that this song is about local wisdom.

7. Lissoi Song

Lissoi Song Lyrics

Dongan sapang kilalaan
O parmitu
Dongan sapartinaonan
O parmitu
Arsak rap manka forget hon
O parmitu
Tole ma rap mangendehon
O lotutu lissoi

Lissoi lissoi lissoi lissoi
O parmitu
Lissoi lissoi lissoi lissoi
O lotutu lissoi 

Syrupma syrupma dorgukma dorgukma handit ma galasmi
Syrupma syrupma dorgukma dorgukma ingkon rumardoi
Lissoi lissoi lissoi lissoi
O parmitu
Lissoi lissoi lissoi lissoi
O lotutu lissoi

Lissoi Song Meaning

Lissoi is a regional song from North Sumatra which was also composed by Nahum Situmorang. This song contains an invitation to party to get rid of anxiety. Singing, dancing, and drinking palm wine are part of the Batak people’s habits to get rid of sadness. Tuak itself is a traditional Indonesian alcoholic drink which is fermented from sap, rice, or fruit that contains sugar.

8. Nasonang Song Do Hita Nadua

Lyrics of the Song Nasonang Do Hita Nadua

Nasonang do hita nadua
Saleleng au rap dohot ho
Nang ro nasari matua
Sai tong my ingoton do ho 

Hupeop sude with this basam
huboto au in roham
Nang ro nasari matua
Sai please my ingoton do ho

The meaning of the song Nasonang Do Hita Nadua

Nasonang Do Hita Nadua is a Batak song composed by Nahum Situmorang. The title itself means “Happy When We’re Together” indicating that this song conveys romantic messages.

9. Serma Song With With

Song Lyrics Serma With With

Serma and
Doding Kontongan Aloya
Serma and Doding
Kontongan botou sijengesan 

Na suan ma timbaho ​​daboto
Two bushels realize
Na change ma parlaho daboto
Repeat songon sapari 

Serma with
doding kontongan aloya
Serma with
doding kontongan botou sijengesan 

Repeat i Hondor Gumba da Botou
Timbahou Sihondoran
Repeat i Tonggor Rupa da Botou
Parlahou Sitonggor 

Serma with
Doding kontongan aloya
Serma with
Doding kontongan botou sijengesan
Hodong-hodong na helpat da botou
Repeat i pandur durian
Anggo adong na lepak da botou
Repeat i bet 

Serma with
doding kontongan aloya
Serma with
doding kontongan botou sijengesan

Meaning of Serma With With

Serma Dengan Dengan is a Simalungun folk song which contains rhymes or advice from parents to their children. Usually, this advice is conveyed to children who want to migrate or who are getting married. These messages were conveyed so that the child always tries to be better than before, always remembers his hometown, and maintains brotherhood among fellow Simalungun people.

10. Tillo-Tillo Song

Tillo-Tillo Lyrics

Tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo sitara
tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo 

Au sijara jiri naso hea maridi
tar sor au maridi got au pira ni aunt

Hi…

Tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo sitara
tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo

Au sitakkal taboo naso hea madabu
tarsor au madabu tu abingan ni na marbaju 

Hi…

Tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo sitara
tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo 

Hu danggur antajau makkadabu tu bonana
Hu ririt namar mariati tu amana 

Hi…

Tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo sitara
tillo tillo sitara tillo tillo

Shoot the potpourri’s bananas Fragrant
in the evening,
I’m so worried that love doesn’t let
me stay alone

La la la la lalala
La la la la lalala
Shoot the potpourri’s bananas

La la la la lalala
La la la la lalala
My heart is sad my love doesn’t reach you

Banana shoots are green.
Hit by the wind, fall to the earth.
My heart is sad at the memory of you.
Carried away into a dream 

La la la la lalala
La la la la lalala
The banana shoots are green 

La la la la lalala
La la la la lalala
My heart is sad to remember you

Tillo-Tillo Song Meaning

The Tillo-Tillo song is often performed at a performance with the aim of being a medium of entertainment. The meaning of this song itself is arguably not known with certainty. However, there are several sources who say that the meaning of the song Tillo-Tillo is about the characteristics of a man in the song.

11. Song Sori Ya Katulla

Sori Ya Katulla Lyrics

Sadia leleng nari tao Toba nauli Da Asia
Non, tu laguboti tao Toba na uli
Sadia leleng nari tao Toba na uli
Data nungku doli doli tao Toba na uli 

Syria katulla katuallailla
Syria katulla katuallailla
Syria katulla katuallailla
Tao Toba na uli

Meaning of Song Sori Ya Katulla

The song Sori Ya Katulla is one of the songs that comes from the Toba Batak. Talking about the meaning of this song is not known with certainty.

12. Song Sengko-Sengko

Sengko-Sengko song lyrics

Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko host sengko sengko

Met Met dope singkoru dainang
danunga was blocked by dainang
Metmet dope siboru
dainang
da nunga was visited away

Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko host sengko sengko

Trilala trilala sirege rege tumba
sirege rege tumba host sengko sengko
Trilala trilala sirege rege tumba
sirege rege tumba host sengko sengko

Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
S engko host sengko sengko

Tugi jang naporda dainang
da tu toru hopa parbara dainang
Tugi jang naporda dainang
da tu toru ho do sibaran

Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko sengko dainang
Sengko host sengko sengko

Meaning of Sengko-Sengko Song

The meaning of the Sengko-Sengko song can be said to be very meaningful because this song has the meaning of struggle. This song tells the story of a daughter who is singing or singing for her struggling father.

13. Song Siraya Katumba

Siraya Katumba Song Lyrics

I have a song
I brought from my village
Singing in the bright moon
While playing dance in the yard

Ala siraya katumba siraya katumba
Siraya katumba my song name
Siraya katumba siraya katumba
My song from my village 

My village in Silindung Valley.
A beautiful village, fertile and prosperous.
The people live in peace.
The young people are friendly and polite 

Ala siraya katumba siraya katumba
Siraya katumba my song name
Siraya katumba siraya katumba
My song from my village

You want to go on a trip to cheer up your heart
? You accept everything in my village

But don’t forget me
Take me away with you

Ala siraya katumba siraya katumba
Siraya katumba my song name
Siraya katumba siraya katumba
My song from my village

14. Piso Surit Song

Piso Surit Song Lyrics

Piso Surit… Piso Surit…
Stupidly confused.
Lalap I met the Athenian Race

Ija kel liturg amid gundari
I’m nimaisa turang weeping heartbreakingly
Entabeh nari turang my eyes are accursed
Siangna menda turang atena wari

Piso Surit… Piso Surit…
Stupidly confused.
Lalap I met the Athenian Race

Ija kel libabo gundari
Remang mekapal turang keri bergehna
Tekuak manuk turang ibabo thunderous
Enggo me selpat turang kite i let go

Piso Surit… Piso Surit…
Stupidly confused.
Lalap I met the Athenian Race

I don’t know if Dagena is recovering because
I miss Bage’s appearance,
I miss Ari’s appearance.

The meaning of the song Piso Surit

Piso Surit is a song, poem, and regional dance of the Karo people which tells of a man who is waiting for his girlfriend to arrive. The long and sad wait is illustrated by a pincala bird calling.

Judging from the lyrics, this song should have been sung by a man. The song Piso Surit seems to tell the culture of the love relationship between men and women in ancient times. Regarding the title, many people think that piso surit is a kind of knife typical of the Karo tribe.

But actually, piso surit is a term for the sound of a bird that likes to sing, which the Karo people call the pincala bird. If you look closely, the bird’s voice sounds like it’s calling with a sad sound. This bird usually sings in the afternoon with a loud and repetitive sound resembling the sound of a serit knife.

Sinaumed’s can learn various kinds of regional and national songs by reading books available at www.sinaumedia.com . sinaumedia always provides the best products, so you have #MoreWithReading information. Hope it’s useful!

14 Javanese Traditional Houses – Traditional houses are now one of the historic houses. Apart from being a residence, these houses are also evidence of cultural wealth in Indonesia. Not a few traditional houses that are still preserved today.

Java is no exception. Starting from Central Java, East Java and West Java, all of them have traditional houses with their own characteristics. The philosophical meaning of each house also shows the personality of each local community. The following are a number of Javanese traditional houses from each region, along with their characteristics and meanings that are believed by the community.

Central Javanese Traditional House

1. Joglo traditional house

The first traditional house is the Joglo house, which is an icon from Central Java. In ancient times, Joglo houses were made only for the upper middle class. Naturally, because building a Joglo house must meet many conditions.

First, the building materials used are not arbitrary. Joglo is built from various types of wood which are durable, and usually use teak wood. Therefore, the price is not cheap. So that for the lower middle class, on average they cannot afford to buy building materials.

Second, the process of building a Joglo house is also not easy. There are special customary rules that are trusted by the community. Both in terms of the architectural design of the house, to the ornaments or decorations needed for the inside.

Then, the Joglo house also has a wide terrace, and quite a lot of space division. So it will require land that is also quite extensive. The parts of the Joglo house include:

• penda, which is used to receive guests and is located at the front
• Omah Jero, as the name implies, Omah Jero is on the inside and is used to gather and chat with family members
• pringgitan, a place in the middle of the house for entertaining guests from close relatives
• senthong, namely the bedroom, which consists of senthong kiwo, tengen, and tengah
• hermitage, namely a place to carry out worship

2. Limasan House

The second traditional house is the limasan house. As the name implies, this house does have a pyramid-shaped roof. The roof has four sides, and is almost similar to a house from South Sumatra. There are various Limasan houses, such as Gajah Mungkur, Klabang Nyander, Semar Pindohong, and Lawakan.

Generally, Limasan houses are made of red brick without any coating on the outside. The outside was not coated with paint. Well, now there are several modern houses that are made similar to the traditional Limasan house.

3. Pe’s Bake House

The next traditional house which is also unique is the Panggang house. The most recognizable characteristic of this traditional house is the six long pillars that support the roof at the front.

Based on history, this house was used to sell or was called a basic food house. The material used to build Panggang Pe is wood, then the roof is made of tile. There are six types of Pe-baked houses, namely trajumas, concurrent, empyak setangkep, cere gancet, gedang selirang, and gedhang setangkep. You can still find this traditional house, especially in the Yogyakarta and surrounding areas.

4. Village House

Fourth, there is the village house, which is one of the many residential houses used by the people of Central Java. In contrast to the Joglo which is mostly used by middle and upper class people, Kampung houses are more widely used by ordinary people.

Such as farmers, market workers, or breeders. Then based on history, Kampung houses have many types. Among them are Pacul Gowang, Pokok, and Gajah Ngombe. But in general, Kampung traditional houses have their own rules. Namely the poles used must be multiples of 4, with the number of small poles there must be 8.

This house is almost the same as other houses, where the division of the house consists of a living room, family room, bedroom and kitchen.

5. Tajug House

Lastly, there is still a tajug house from Central Java. This house is usually built as a place to worship. Therefore, a tajug house cannot be built by just anyone.

The main feature of Tajug is its square and layered roof. The end of this house is also sharp and will be decorated with a small dome. Like other Javanese traditional houses, tajug also has several types, such as Semar Tinandu, Mangkurat, Lambang Sari, and Semar Sinongsong. If you want to see the tajug house, you can visit the Great Mosque of Demak.

West Java Traditional House

1. Julang Ngapak House

The West Java traditional house that will be discussed first is Imah Julang Ngapak. The roof of this house is similar to a bird flapping its wings, so it is called the hornbill. The top of the house is triangular, then widens at the bottom. As for the two corners of the roof there are fork scissors which function as a preventer of seepage of rainwater.

In ancient times, this traditional house used a roof made from palm leaves of thatch or reeds. Even so, make no mistake, rainwater still won’t seep, and this house doesn’t leak easily. With the development of the times, this house has also been modified a lot. If you want to visit Imah Julang Ngapak, you can look for it in the Tasikmalaya area.

2. Parahu Kumurep Traditional House

The next house that also comes from West Java is Parahu Kumurep. As the name suggests, this Sundanese house comes from the word Parahu which means boat, and Kumurep which means lying down. The name was chosen because the shape of the roof of this Javanese traditional house is indeed similar to an overturned boat, where the roof is in the shape of a pyramid.

At first glance, this house has a fairly complicated design. Even more complicated than the traditional jolopong house. There are four main parts of the house which are divided into two big parts. At the front, the shape is made of a trapezoid, while the back is made of an equilateral triangle.

This house is quite unique, but in this modern era, quite a few have modified this house. Because this house is not very friendly with rainwater. Especially in West Java, the rainfall is quite high.

3. Imah Badak Heuay

The third West Javanese traditional house is the Heuay Badak, which means yawning rhino. Just like the previous traditional house, the name is adapted to the shape of the house. If you look at this type of traditional house from the front, especially the roof, it looks like a yawning rhinoceros, so it is called the Heuay rhinoceros. The roof which is made one big and one small is deliberately made like that. The goal is to protect the front porch of the house.

The terrace at the front functions as a place to receive male guests. So on every terrace of the house there will be a wooden table and chairs. If you want to see this traditional house, try visiting Sukabumi.

That’s where this house is still often found. As a cultural preservation, some communities also build housing by incorporating the Badak Heuay roof concept with modern architecture. This is one of the efforts to preserve the richness of Javanese culture.

4. Tagog Dog custom house

The fourth house is the Dog Tagog. The name Tagog Dog was chosen because this traditional house has a roof that resembles a sitting dog. In Sundanese, a sitting dog is called Dog Tagog. The shape of the roof consists of two fields which are bordered by the boundary line.

In the first area, the roof is wider than the other roofs, because the main roof covers the entire upper part of the house. Usually it is the people of Garut who use houses with this concept. So when you go to Garut and find a house like the one described above, it’s a traditional dog tagog house.

5. Jolopong traditional house

Finally, there is the Jolopong house which adds to the cultural richness of West Java. In Sundanese terms, Jolopong means to lie down straight, or lie down straight. This name was chosen because the design is simple, and shows the house as if it just lay there.

This simplicity can be seen from the design of the house which is not difficult, even without significant or varied indentations. The other name for Jolopong is the long Suhunan or the Jolopong.

This form of Jolopong can be said to be quite old. Because the roof is in the form of a hut or hut. The roof is made with two fields which are separated in the middle by a succulent line. For the division of space, there is a living room, terrace, kitchen and bedroom.

The designation for each room is different, the terrace is called emper, then the living room or imah, kitchen or pawon, and the bedroom is called pangkeng. You can still find this traditional house in the Sumedang area, Garut, West Java.

Traditional house from East Java

1. Joglo House

Just like in Central Java, in East Java there are also Joglo houses. For the mention, the house there is called Joglo Situbondo. The joglo there has the shape of a fat girl or a pyramid.

For the main building material, teak wood is believed to be the main material. This house was also made based on the people’s belief in the Kejawen custom. Spatial planning and its distribution show harmony between humans and the natural surroundings and with each other.

This can also be seen from the number of pillars or main pillars, bebatur, and also the ornaments on the Joglo house. Where all of them also reflect the personality of the people of East Java. There are four saka guru whose function is to support the roof. Each saka is supported by pedestals with a purus system.

Then this house also uses a blandar, a cart, a kilik, and a bow as a stabilizer for the building. The entrance to the house is also decorated with something called selurroll. This decoration is believed by the community to be an antidote to negative things that will enter the house.

The division of space in Joglo Situbondo is also divided into two. The first part is the pavilion which functions as a place to receive guests. Then the second part is the back room, which is filled with the bedroom and kitchen.

Then on the inside there is still room for senthong kiwo or left, senthong tengen or right, and senthong in the middle. Apart from being a place to sleep, Senthong is also a place to store heirlooms which are still guarded by the community until now.

2. The traditional house of the Tengger Tribe

The Tengger tribe is a community group on the slopes of Mount Bromo, Ranupane, Lumajang, East Java. The main characteristic of the Tengger house is in its concept which is not in the form of a stage and is not terraced.

This house is composed of boards and logs. Then at the top of the ridge impressed steep and high. In accordance with prevailing custom, this house only has one or two windows. At the front of the house there will be a bale-bale which is used to chat with neighbors.

Uniquely, the traditional houses of the Tengger Tribe are made in groups. The streets on either side of the house are just wide enough for a patch of road. This is done to protect all the houses so that they are not exposed to strong winds.

When cold weather strikes, houses will be better protected because they are close together. This shows harmony among fellow colors that live close together.

3. Using traditional house

The third East Javanese traditional house is the Using house. This house can be found in Banyuwangi, the eastern part of the island of Java which borders the Bali Strait. If you want to feel the old Banyuwangi atmosphere, you can come to Kemiren Village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi Regency.

There lay ancient traditional houses that were built by the community. Using traditional houses consist of three types, namely Tikel Balung, Baresan, and Crocogan. All three have the same concept, the difference lies in the number of rab or roof areas. For Baresan’s house, there are three rabs, then Tikel Balung has four rabs, and finally Crocogan has two rabs.

In Using’s house there is also a division of space, just like other traditional houses. There are four areas of space in this house, namely hek or baleh, jerumah, ampet, and pawon. Ampet is tantamount to a terrace that functions as a place to entertain guests.

Then the baleh is the barrier between the private room and the common room, the jerumah or living room for family gatherings, and the pawon or kitchen for storing food and cooking.

4. Dhurung traditional house

Fourth, there is the traditional dhurung house, which has a hut-like shape. On the wall is not equipped with anything. The roof is made of natural materials, such as tassel leaves or tree leaves. According to Bawean terms, pohan leaves are the same as dheun. This dhurung house from East Java serves as a resting place for the community after working in the fields or fields.

This house is located at the front, making it easier to use before entering the house. Because of this position, dhurung is also used as a place to interact with neighbors. Some even make this house a place to find a mate. For the size, the dhurung house is made according to the wishes of the owner, it can be made big or small.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

Those were some Javanese traditional houses that you can still find in Indonesia. All homes are built with trust. Traditions and beliefs of the people are also still upheld. So that each building is also built based on applicable customary provisions. All of that of course needs to be preserved. One way is to study history and culture.

 

 

Edutore.com – As a young person who was born in the technological era, of course you are very familiar with Youtube. On this video platform, you can watch various things, from the most useful to the most useless. You just have to be smart enough to choose and sort out good shows, so that your internet quota doesn’t go to waste.

14 Inspirational Youtube Channels For Your Daily Dose Of Inspiration

So, here are some recommendations for the most inspiring Indonesian YouTube channels just for you, Sinaumed’s. Who are they? Check this out!

GITA SAVITRI DEVI

Gita Savitri is a university alumnus in Germany who just graduated this year. On his YouTube channel, he talks a lot about his life in Germany and various opinions about things that are happening in Indonesia and the world. His channel even entered the ranks of the YouTube Creators for Change Summit in London. He has discussed his opinions about seniority, goals, fake news on social media, body positivity, marriage, and whether work really has to be in line with majors, what things to do after bachelor’s degree, and so on. A smart show that’s really relatable to the life of millennials, isn’t it? Check the YouTube account directly, click here

 

BE HUMAN

Becoming Human: Between Heart, Soul, and Humanity. Stories form the main menu of Being Human, and each story is told through various perspectives by various sources. Becoming Human content spans from podcasts, videos and writing. Each content carries a narrative style that will make the audience feel like they are sitting with friends and listening to issues that are close to our daily lives, from the trivial to the non-trivial; from stories of nomads who miss home, to stories of couples of different religions. This perspective variation is presented for several reasons; to open their minds to all possibilities, as well as being an inspiration to those who need solutions. Levina Purnamamadewi (Vinny), the co-founder, also explained that the content of Being Human is “exercise. “Many of us still don’t understand the importance of mental health. Maybe we often do physical exercise, but mentally we also need exercise so we don’t get stressed. Check the YouTube account directly, click here Sinaumed’s!

VIKRA IJAS

For socialpreneur startup activists, the name Vikra Ijas is definitely well known. Recently, the startup platform for fundraising, Kitabisa.com, has become a hot topic of conversation among the socialpreneur world because it became the facilitator for BJ Habibie’s plane fundraising. Vikra Ijas, Co-founder & CMO of kitabisa.com besides being active in the socialpreneur world, is also known for his YouTube channel ‘Notes of CHILD STARTUP (#CAST)’ which often discusses the world of startups. So what would Vikra Ijas from #CAST have to say? With this concept note (startup child), he shared about case studies in Indonesia from his experiences as well as that of his friends who are also active in the startup world. Vikra also wants to introduce the diversity that exists in the startup world through the STARTUP CHILDREN’s Notes channel, such as from unicorn startups to profitable cockroach type startups. Therefore for millennials who want to create a startup, get ready to be enlightened by Vikra Ijas’ videos. Check the YouTube account directly, click here Sinaumed’s.

The book From Ordinary to Extraordinary which is below can also be your inspiration that developing in various things is not something impossible.

NAJWA SHIHAB

Najwa Shihab The account with the description “Let’s exchange ideas and clash ideas, is oriented towards idealism and the value of equality, encourages every nation’s child to voluntarily think about roles” This is Najwa Shihab’s official channel which is famous for its sharpness when picking up sources. As if one could guess, the contents of the uploaded videos have of course been critically processed. In addition to discussing actual problems (for example about the Uno Play and the polemic about whose-your-salary is). Najwa also presents a collaborative video with her father, Moh Quraish Shihab, when discussing certain themes from a religious perspective, for example about doom and disaster. Until now, it is recorded that Najwa Shihab has 1.6 million subscribers. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

 

 

BENAZIO SON

Benazio or what we usually know as Benakribo (even though he’s not as fussy anymore) has been a Content Creator since 2008. His journey started as a Blogger who wrote about his daily life with various comedic spices, both written and visual. In 2013, Bena released his first book entitled Benabook which was made with various elements of creativity, starting from illustrations on each page, games, giveaways, to puzzles in various chapters in his book. Because of that, Benabook stopped by the bookstore’s Best Seller shelf. After that, Bena spread her wings by creating various content on Twitter, Instagram and Youtube. Benazio Putra aka Bena Kribo is the founder of Indovidgram. On his YouTube channel, he shares many tips on how to become a job seeker who attracts companies. He also interviewed many great people. One of them is Bayu Febriajie, Vice President of Bank DBS Singapore (Devolopment Bank Singapore). The vlog is entitled “It’s useless if the interview is messy.” So, this YouTube channel is highly recommended for millennials who are still fresh graduates and are confused about finding work, Sinaumed’s! Check the YouTube account directly, click here

Sinaumed’s can also find inspirational stories of tough and accomplished teenagers in Outstanding Students by Sri Wahyuni ​​that can build your motivation.

RICO HUANG

Nowadays many people complain because their business turnover has decreased dramatically. A situation like this certainly raises a lot of questions, “Actually, what’s going on, why are there so few buyers? Well, it’s not really the market that’s the problem. Maybe it’s because you don’t know the changing buying and selling trends in the technological era like now. Take a peek at the secrets of this inspiring young man who managed to achieve his success at the age of just 25 years (born 1995). At a relatively young age, Rico has already tasted the bitterness of life. He has experienced various storms and obstacles, even to the lowest point in his life. Through distribution channels and digital marketing techniques, he has succeeded in hooking up thousands of resellers or dropshippers to sell his various products. Together with their business partners, he is able to generate a turnover of up to hundreds of millions per month at a very young age. It’s amazing isn’t it? If you want to know how his steps in achieving success in running his online business. Rico often uploads success story videos in the field of online business, dropshipping, marketing and investment on his YouTube account. It is perfect for you millennials who want their business to be as successful as Koko Rico. Check the YouTube account directly, click here It is perfect for you millennials who want their business to be as successful as Koko Rico. Check the YouTube account directly, click here It is perfect for you millennials who want their business to be as successful as Koko Rico. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

GREAT HAPSAH

Agung Hapsah at a relatively young age (20 years). Agung has made a number of very proud achievements. This smart YouTuber, inspired by millennials, has a variety of content that is not only entertaining but also educational. In fact, it is currently estimated that Agung already has 5 million subscribers. His passion for making vlogs started with his hobby of watching movies. At the age of 11, Agung had the courage to make his first video, which at that time was still using a webcam. So, shooting locations can only be done in his room. This YouTuber who is fluent in English has various video content about education in Indonesia, perceptions of success, and video editing tutorials for those of you who also want to become YouTubers. Unlike most YouTubers, content published by Agung Hapsah, such as short films, video essays, and stories about education in Indonesia. Agung Hapsah is a YouTuber who highlights the quality of the cinematography in each of his videos. In some of his videos, Agung often gives a touch of visual effects like Hollywood movies. One of the videos packed with slick visual effects is entitled “Secret Recipe Agent”. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

TEACHER’S ROOM

Ruangguru develops various technology-based learning services, including virtual class services, online exam platforms, subscription learning videos, private tutoring marketplaces, and other educational content that can be accessed via the Ruangguru web and application. Ruangguru’s mission is to provide and expand access to quality education through technology for all students, anytime and anywhere. When you are relaxing studying at home, you may suddenly forget the explanation of a material. If that happens, you don’t have to wait long for tomorrow to ask your teacher again. Just check the discussion of various subject matter on the Ruangguru YouTube channel. The discussion of the material is explained in full. The video is also made short so you can focus throughout the video. This channel can be your study buddy at home. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

 

UPWORTHY

Want to hear a short inspirational story? Try pointing your browser to the Upworthy channel. The videos uploaded are on average only 2 minutes long but full of meaning. One of the stories on this channel is about a father who made a special Halloween costume for his son who uses a wheelchair. Previously, children who use wheelchairs could not participate in Halloween parties because there were no costumes they could wear. In addition, there is also a video about students who innovate in the social field. They created a platform to bring together people who have food scraps with non-profit organizations who need food to be distributed to people who can’t afford it. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

TEDX

TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is a non-profit media organization that posts presentations for free distribution online, under the slogan “ideas worth spreading”. TED was founded in February 1984 as a conference that has been held annually since 1990. TED’s early interests were technology and design, true to its Silicon Valley origins, but have recently broadened its focus to include presentations on a wide range of academic, cultural, and scientific. The main TED conference is held annually in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada at the Vancouver Convention Centre. Speakers are given a maximum of 18 minutes to present their ideas in the most innovative and engaging way they can. Speakers who have presented include Bill Clinton, Jane Goodall, Al Gore, Gordon Brown, David Cameron, Billty Graham, Richard Dawkins, Bill Gates, Bono, Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and various Nobel Prize winners. But there is also content in Indonesian. This content was presented by Anies Baswedan, Ridwan Kamil, Barry Likumahuwa, Iman Usman, and others. Check the YouTube account directly, click here.

Various inspirational figures in the world of computers and technology are also reviewed in the book 121 World Changing Computer Figures, History and Biography, Secrets of Success, Inspirational Stories, Innovative Ideas which are below.

JEROME POLIN

Through a YouTube channel called Nihongi Mantappu, Jerome Polin is known for always sharing educational content. The theme of the videos raised are generally vlogs about his daily life as an overseas student in Japan. Indirectly, the audience then gets a lot of insight into the culture of the country of Sakura. Even through this content, Jerome was highlighted by several media there. In terms of personality, there are many things that can be used as an example from Jerome. Like his achievement in winning a full scholarship from Mitsui Bussan majoring in applied mathematics at Waseda University. This scholarship is not arbitrary, because each year only accepts two students from outside Japan. Until now, his channel has been followed by 1,000,000 subscribers. The video that was watched the most was the reaction of Japanese people when they saw Indonesian actors with a total of 4.7 million viewers on Sinaumed’s. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

 

AMANDA VARLIANY

If usually a YouTuber actively talks in a video as a form of communication, this beautiful YouTuber is different. Amanda Farliany is a YouTuber from Indonesia, who uses sign language as a form of communication through her YouTube content. Having a physical disability cannot hear, makes Amanda not necessarily give up with the limitations she has. As evidenced by these shortcomings, Amanda has managed to prove to everyone that she is capable of providing inspiration by becoming a YouTuber. Amanda’s YouTube content varies, such as covering songs using sign language, learning Indonesian sign language, reviewing contemporary places, and daily activities with her beloved family. By opening your own Youtube Channel,

 

FATHIA IZZATI

This multitalented woman is famous through her videos, which imitate 21 accents from various countries in the world. Fathia Izzati also often shares stories about many things. Starting from work, opinions, to cover songs. Apart from that, what’s interesting is that he shared his experiences as well as his complaints about being the son of a diplomat. Often because she follows her father, Chia, as she is affectionately known, spends 3-4 years abroad. Like it or not, he has to quickly adapt to many differences such as language, weather, environment, and many more. Not much different from Jerome, Chia is also a YouTuber with a ‘slender brain’. He is listed as an alumnus of the Faculty of Law, University of Indonesia class of 2014. After graduating from his alma mater, he is now working at a law firm, as told on his YouTube channel. Besides being beautiful and smart, Chia also has good vocal abilities. Armed with that talent, he became the vocalist of an indie band called ‘Reality Club’. Chia has been active as a Youtuber since May 30 2011. Check her YouTube account directly, click here

Find stories or reflections about making decisions in life that can motivate and inspire you in the book 57 Life Choices, Inspirational Stories About Choices That Change Your Life.

THE SCHOOL OF LIFE

In this absurd but precious life, maybe you have a lot of questions that you don’t have time to find out yourself through books. If the Kok Bisa channel can help you answer light and trivial questions, The School Of Life will help you answer hard questions related to life, such as why death makes us afraid or who you really are. Even for those of you who are fans of philosophy, you can listen to lectures by cool philosophers like Jacques Derrida or Auguste Comte. Just like schools in general, The School Of Life also has a curriculum, you know. Check the YouTube account directly, click here

EDUTORE

sinaumedia developed an educational platform called Edutore. On this platform, you can access many question practice books like those in sinaumedia by subscribing. Edutore has a slogan “Everyone Can Be Smart” and that is also what Edutore aspires to be. So that Edutore can participate in educating Indonesian children. On the Edutore Youtube Channel, various topics are discussed, ranging from unique general knowledge such as “Why are the brake lights red”, learning English with Captain J, to studying with Edutore which contains discussions of questions such as synonyms, antonyms and other CPNS questions. Check the YouTube account directly, click here.

 

That’s an inspirational YouTube channel that you must subscribe to so you can always be enthusiastic every day. Please subscribe, Sinaumed’s.

The Impact of Global Warming and How to Overcome It – Lately, Sinaumed’s must have found the symptoms of global warming which are currently getting more extreme. For example, the air temperature is very hot or otherwise very cold, floods occur, it is difficult to find food, and so on.

These are some of the effects of global warming that we need to pay attention to. This impact is certainly very dangerous and detrimental to human life.

Global warming has always been a topic of conversation for many people from scientists, experts, activists, and even ordinary people who are affected by it. This is because the impact of global warming is very large and dangerous for the environment, ecosystems and human health.

The biggest trigger for this phenomenon is the use of fossil fuels and various land use conversion activities, namely converting forests into development, plantations, or agriculture.

The development of the times will also affect nature and our environment. If we don’t pay attention to the environment, the development will only damage our nature. Activities that are not environmentally friendly will produce gases that damage the atmosphere as in the Greenhouse Effect process.

Now caring for the environment also means caring for the ongoing balance of nature because a good environment will also lead to a good quality of life. Don’t let us become a generation that destroys nature.

Well, that’s why Sinaumed’s friends need to know what global warming is, the causes and effects of global warming so they can take steps to deal with global warming. Starting from small things we can maintain the balance of nature and try not to damage nature.

Definition of Global Warming

Global Warming or Global Warming is the process of increasing the average temperature in the atmosphere, sea and earth’s land so extreme that it affects the imbalance of the earth’s ecosystem.

The emergence of global warming shows that in the last hundred years, the global average temperature on the earth’s surface has so far increased by 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F).

This global warming phenomenon is then marked by the melting of polar ice and various places or areas that have temperatures that tend to rise throughout the world.

The emergence of the phenomenon of global warming is certainly difficult to avoid because human activities are increasingly not environmentally friendly. Many human activities and lifestyles lead to the emergence of the effects of global warming.

Climate change, which is currently increasing global warming, is caused by several things that are currently easy for us to find.

Then what are the causes of global warming? Following are some of the causes of global warming that Sinaumed’s needs to know about in order to reduce and improve the lifestyle that destroys nature

Impact of Global Warming

1. The Polar Ice Is Melting

Global Warming can have a negative impact on the polar regions because it makes the ice melt. The ice at the poles is melting because the earth’s temperature is increasing due to several factors.

Counted in the last 30 years, the ice at the poles has melted due to global warming with an amount reaching 28 trillion tons.

The melting of polar ice will also have a negative impact on natural ecosystems, from increasing water volume, rising sea levels, and even losing many polar animals.

2. Water Volume Increases

Global warming can have an impact on increasing the volume of water because water discharge increases after trillions of tons of polar ice melts.

The increased volume of water is of course a very bad impact of global warming which causes many areas to be flooded. In addition, small islands are also at risk of disappearing due to sinking.

3. Clean Water Crisis

Global warming can also have an impact on the availability of clean water. The lack of clean water availability will create a clean water crisis which is very detrimental to humanity. This clean water crisis can occur because global warming can make a lot of water in the soil evaporate so that clean water is difficult to obtain.

4. Forest Fire

Severe global warming will result in a very high temperature increase that can trigger forest fires. Losing forests is certainly the worst thing for nature and the earth.

As happened in California, United States of America massive forest fires which later according to scientists were caused by increasing temperatures due to global warming.

5. Smog

The impact of global warming seems to be spreading into more specific forms of impacts that are detrimental to nature and humanity. Like the smog caused by forest fires, it will also have an impact on human health. Global warming is indeed very big impact for survival on earth.

6. The emergence of disease outbreaks

Global warming can affect the immunity of living things to decrease due to rising temperatures and unstable season conditions. Because poor immunity will make us susceptible to disease. Even the impact of this temperature increase can affect many people so that it becomes a disease outbreak.

7. There is a Food Crisis

Global warming can have an impact on food availability because it can increase sea temperatures so that it affects the death of marine biota. If we lack the supply of fish and marine animal populations, then we will experience a food crisis which can be very difficult for humans.

8. Allergy Cases Increase

Warmer temperatures due to global warming can cause plants to pollinate longer. An increase in the amount of pollen in the air can cause an increase in the number of allergy sufferers because plant pollen is the most common cause of allergies and kills the most.

9. Extreme Natural Events

Global warming will certainly have an impact on natural conditions that cause very extreme natural events to occur, for example major floods, major storms and tsunamis.

In addition to making natural events become extreme, global warming also makes their intensity increase. As a result, more and more people have lost their homes or possessions due to natural disasters that have befallen them. Big disasters will also bring great losses to humans.

10. Extinction of Animals

Global warming can increase the risk of wiping out animal populations. This can happen because many animal populations have lost their habitat due to extreme climate change due to global warming.

If their original habitat is lost it will make the animals migrate. But if they can’t adapt to their new habitat, the animals can’t survive and many die.

11. Damage to Marine Ecosystems

Global warming can damage marine ecosystems, starting from destroying coral reefs so that it also affects other marine biota. Coral reefs are an important element that needs to be owned by the sea because coral is where marine life survives. So if many coral reefs are damaged, it will also have an impact on other marine ecosystems.

12. Impact on Plants and Agriculture

Global warming can have an impact on crop growth and crop failure because extreme weather such as flooding, rising sea levels can disrupt the crop season.

Global warming has a negative impact on plants, making it difficult to grow and crop failure. The lack of availability of crops can also lead to a food crisis.

13. Heat Wave

Global warming can create dangerous heat waves. In recent years more deaths have been caused by heatwaves than in the previous 60 years. As reported by The Guardian there has been a terrible heat wave that has hit India.

14. Increase Storm Frequency

When global warming results in rising sea water temperatures, it will also cause hurricanes and stronger storms. Global warming can increase the temperature of sea water and heat the air around it, so that hurricanes will be created with a very high frequency.

The following are books that Sinaumed’s can read to understand the phenomenon of climate change which can cause extreme global warming. The book entitled The Science of Climate Change is recommended for Sinaumed’s to read because it contains a detailed explanation from an updated scientific perspective.

Ways to Overcome Global Warming

1. Using Renewable Energy

Global warming can be prevented by reducing the use of fossil energy such as fuel and replacing it with renewable energy. Examples of renewable energy that Sinaumed’s can use to replace fuel are solar (solar) energy, water current energy, wind energy, biomass energy, and geothermal or geothermal energy.

If public awareness increases on global warming, there will be many producers of environmentally friendly products. One of them is by supporting and encouraging the use of products resulting from the use of renewable energy.

Starting to use renewable energy can prevent global warming in the future because humans prefer environmentally friendly technologies to carry out their activities every day.

2. Reducing the Use of Private Vehicles and Using More Energy-Efficient Public Transportation Modes

One way that can be done to overcome global warming is to choose a mode of transportation that is more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. This option can reduce carbon dioxide or CO2 emissions which exacerbate the Greenhouse Effect on the environment.

So Sinaumed’s can reduce the use of private vehicles to reduce the use of vehicles on the highway. Because if more and more people use private vehicles, the more air pollution will be produced.

3. Save Energy and Water Usage

Sinaumed’s friends need to know that heating air conditioning water, excessive use of lights, and other electronic devices can also increase the amount of CO2 production in the earth’s atmosphere.

So it also has a big potential to cause global warming. So that’s why we can minimize these causes by saving the energy and water that we use every day.

For example by replacing light bulbs with types that are more energy efficient, turning off lights when they are not in use, preferring to use showers, repairing leaks immediately, and so on.

Sinaumed’s can also choose to use natural lighting to save more energy by not turning on the lights during the day.

4. Use Environmentally Friendly Products 

Preferring environmentally friendly products can be a wise way to overcome global warming. For example choosing electronic products that have been tested to be more energy efficient, using goods that don’t generate a lot of waste, and other environmentally friendly products.

5. Run a Healthy Lifestyle

Sinaumed’s can do a healthy lifestyle to survive in the midst of current global warming. Sinaumed’s can do a healthy lifestyle to overcome global warming by cycling or walking when traveling short distances. In addition, Sinaumed’s can consume healthy or organic products that do not produce a lot of waste for the environment.

6. Preserving Forests and Agriculture

Global warming can be prevented by using chemical-free forestry and agricultural products. In addition, forest burning must also be stopped and significant reforestation or reforestation must be carried out.

The specific way that Sinaumed’s can do is plant trees or do greenery around the house first.

For wider action, Sinaumed’s can join the tree donation movement as an effort to prevent global warming.

7. Recycle

The following way to overcome global warming is by reducing waste and the use of plastic. Reducing waste Garbage can be done by recycling waste and other used items that are still useful.

Sinaumed’s can also reduce the use of plastic bags by bringing their own tote bags or grocery bags when shopping at minimarkets, supermarkets, markets, and so on. Recycling can be our effort to maintain a clean and beautiful environment.

Also read articles related to “The Effects of Global Warming” :

• Archimedes’ law
• Ways to Overcome Global Warming
• Global Climate Change
• The Solar System
• Definition of Greenhouse Effect
• Environmental pollution
• The Order of the Layers of the Atmosphere
• Biogeochemistry

Conclusion

So, that’s an explanation of what global warming is, the causes and effects of global warming and how to deal with it. Does Sinaumed’s intend to change their lifestyle to be environmentally friendly?

Exactly, realizing that living in an environmentally friendly way is our wise way to protect nature and the aging earth. We may not be able to avoid various extreme natural phenomena, but we can still try to reduce the impacts that damage nature.

In order to have extensive knowledge about how to deal with global warming, Sinaumed’s friends can read the sinaumedia collection book entitled Surviving on Earth: Lifestyle in Facing Climate Change .

This book is recommended for reading sinaumedia who want to try to carry out an environmentally friendly lifestyle in the midst of climate change which is currently increasing. Besides having an impact on yourself, environmentally friendly behavior will also have a bigger impact on nature and our earth. Happy learning #Friends Without Limits

West Java folk songs – Indonesia is a country that has wealth in all respects including in terms of culture. In fact, each region has different cultural diversity, such as different folk songs.

One of them is the area of ​​West Java which has a variety of regional songs. West Java regional songs are not only popular within the region. However, some are already so popular that they leave the West Java area.

In fact, until now to support the preservation of West Java folk songs. Each generation will be taught about the folk song.

The existence of regional songs in West Java can also be a marker or a separate identity that can distinguish West Java from other regions. Maybe you guys when you were still in school have listened to some West Javanese folk songs.

So, to add insight into West Java folk songs, this article will provide an explanation of the list of West Java folk songs which are so popular, complete with their lyrics and meanings.

Regional Song Function

Before discussing about some West Java folk songs. It would be better if we also know what are the functions of having folk songs. Below is an explanation of some of the functions of folk songs that you can find out about.

1. As a Means of Traditional Ceremonies in an Area

The first function of having regional songs is for traditional ceremonial facilities in an area. In Indonesia, there are several regions that have traditional ceremonies using folk songs as accompaniment. An example is the Merapu ceremony in Sumba which uses local folk songs as a medium for accompanying the spirit in the traditional ceremony.

2. Dance accompaniment or regional performances

Each region that has folk songs is used for different purposes. In the area of ​​Java, traditional songs are usually used to accompany regional song performances. An example is the Javanese style song which is used for staging the Serimpi traditional dance from Central Java. Not only that, folk songs can also be used to accompany other performances such as shadow puppets, ludruk, ketoprak and others.

3. Communication Media

The existence of folk songs can also be used as a means of communication between folk song singers and their listeners.

4. Media for entertainment and playing in ancient times

In ancient times, of course, it was not as sophisticated as it is today. Because of this, in the past, folk songs were often used as a means of entertainment. Not only that, folk songs in ancient times were also used as playing media.

In fact, there are several folk songs that were created to accompany children’s games. An example is the song Cublak-Cublak Suweng from Central Java, Ampar-Ampar Pisang from South Kalimantan and the song Pok Ame-ame from Betawi.

5. Means of Making a Living

Some people can have a profession as singers of folk songs in a traditional performance. This can explain if the presence of folk songs can also be used as a means of earning a living.

6. As Media Information

Along with the development of the times, the existence of folk songs has also developed its function. In fact, it’s not uncommon for people’s advertising backsounds to use folk songs. Such as immunization ads, election ads and so forth.

Those are some of the functions of having folk songs in every region in Indonesia. Seeing the explanation above, of course we also have to protect and preserve every regional song in Indonesia, Sinaumed’s.

West Java Regional Song

As previously explained, each region has its own regional songs. This also applies to the West Java region which has its own folk songs. Maybe you have also heard of West Javanese folk songs.

This is because there are several West Java regional songs that are already very popular not only within the region, but also outside the West Java region which are already very well known. Here are some West Java folk songs along with their lyrics and meanings.

1. Manuk Dadali

Lyrics:

Mesat floats majestically far in the clouds of
Meberkeun jangjangna wakes up taya karingrang
Sukuna ranggaos reujeung pamatukna hugs
Ngapak mega bari hiberna pulls nyuruwuk

Saha so-and-so can come right over to
Gandang jeung about taya bandinganna
Dipikagimir dipikaserab ku sasama
Taya karempan kasieun

Manuk Dadali manuk panggagahna
Symbol of sacred Indonesia Jaya
Manuk Dadali pangkakon carana
Recipe for ngahiji pillars of sakabehna
Breathe sauyunan tara pahiri-hiri

Silih pikanyaah teu english bela starch
Manuk dadali contains siloka sinatria
Keur Sakumna Nation in Nagara Indonesia

Meaning:

The first song from the West Java region is the Manuk Dadali song, where the meaning of the word manuk dadali is an eagle. As the title suggests, this song depicts the figure of the Garuda bird which is also a national symbol that is so dashing and charismatic and can fly high in the sky freely, just like Indonesia’s glory.

2. Ice Lolly

Lyrics:

The ice cream is being pushed around.
I am assisted by Sukajadi
Abdi, fill it with ceuceu,
I am vague, I suspect Sok sieun, oh, henteu, ngajadi.
Ice cream, made in Bandung.

It’s a geuningan ka Cipaganti
I’m filling in jungjunan duh bararingung
Pretending to be English oh oh henteu it’s happening
That’s a dunungan nu waiting munding
I hang my handkerchief on my geuning

That’s my dungungan ginding teuing
Sing horeng mah aduh geuning jungjunan
Ice candles mah ceuceu dikalapaan
Raosna mah geuningan bina-bina
Alim servant dunungan paduduaan

Sok sieun, where
are
you
helping me
?

Meaning:

Next there is a West Javanese folk song with the title Es Lilin. This song tells about the anxiety of a girl who is being approached by a man who is so respected.

Then, there are also those who interpret the Es Lilin song as a form of the attitude of women who must be careful in choosing a partner. Es Lilin itself is one of the special foods from Bandung.

3. Bubuy Moon

Lyrics:

Bubuy Bulan-Bubuy Bulan Roasted
Panon Poe-Panon Poe Disasate
Unggal Bulan-Unggal Teang Servant
Unggal Poe-unggal Poe Oge Hade
Situ Ciburuy Laukna Hese Fishing

Nyeredet hate ningali ngeplak caina
Tuh, that’s saha nu ngalangkung unggal enjing
Nyeredet
hate
ingali highlight socana

Situ ciburuy laukna hese fished
Nyeredet hate ningali ngeplak caina
Tuh, that’s saha nu ngalangkung unggal enjing
Nyeredet hate ningali highlight socana

Meaning:

The Bubuy Bulan song is also one of the most popular West Javanese folk songs. This song tells about a girl who was abandoned by her lover. One day the girl saw a man with the same eyes as her lover who had left.

4. Cing Cankeling

Lyrics:

Kleung dengklek coffee fruit rarang geuyan
Keun anu dewek doing starch diheureuyan
Cing cingkeling manuk cingkleung cindeten
Plos kakolong Mr. satar buleneng
Pat lapat pat lapat katingalan still more kene pisan
Layarna bodas jeung celak mattress kaombak waves

Meaning:

When talking about West Javanese folk songs, maybe the Cing Cangkeling song is one of the folk songs that you are so familiar with. The song Cing Cangkeling depicts the human heart which is often fickle and easily swayed like the waves.

5. Tokecang

Lyrics:

Tokecang tokecang bala gendir tosblong
Angeun sapependil peanut is empty
Aya electricity in masigit meuni caang katingalna
Aya’s wife is tall alit by dina pipina
Tokecang tokecang bala gendir tosblong
Angeun angeun peanut is sapependil is empty

Meaning:

Tokecang is an abbreviation of the phrase gecko eats peanuts. Where this song also tells about humans who are so greedy and greedy. This song can also be a reminder to us not to be greedy and always share with others.

6. Panon Hideung

Lyrics:

Panon hideung pipi koneng
Irung long-tailed daughter of Bandung
Princess Saha where is bumina
I reuseup ka anjeunna
Evening day and dreams
Hate servant sara is sad
Teu emut dahar teu emut drink
Emut kanu geulis panon hideung

Meaning:

Next is the song Panon Hideung which, if interpreted, means black eyes. This song tells about a man who falls in love with a beautiful girl. Besides being beautiful, this girl is described as having black eyes, yellow cheeks and a sharp nose.

7. Peuyeum Bandung

Lyrics:

Everywhere
in the village in the city of
Tos kakoncara
I enjoy the taste
until it’s origin

Naon namina was not invented
Duh matak kabita
Peuyeum Bandung kamashur
Pangaosna still sublime

Ku sadaya kagaleuh
Sepuh jeung murangkalih
Cobian mango
Bilih hot
Peuyeum ti Bandung
Henteu sambaran

Meaning:

Next there is a song with the title Peuyeum Bandung. This song tells about the famous Sundanese food, Peuyeum Bandung. This food has a very distinctive taste, cheap and addictive.

8. Corner Stall

Lyrics:

Akeh wong padha kedanan cooking
Akeh wong padha kelinging waiter
Ora kllen politeness ning all the customers
Yen returns the bag weekly trip

As long as the bag of payday is Kaulan
Warung Pojok go, close acquaintances, friends
of Repentance, dhendhenge, Sega Gorenge
, Emi Rebuse, dhaginge gedhe gedhe

Oh, coffee, repentance,
Adhuh, sweet, just like a maid
Pretends that the eyes are glancing,
even though the heart is drawn and
inconsequential.

Cause I got lost
Repentance dhendhenge emi rebuse
Sega goreng dhaginge gedhe gedhe
Adhuh repentance coffee bouquet
Adhuh sweet just like the waiter

Meaning:

This song tells how the atmosphere is given when eating at a corner stall or small shop. This small shop is indeed often approached by many people, even today.

Broadly speaking, this Warung Pojok song tells about when a man falls in love with the shop’s maid.

9. Squirrel Squirrel

Lyrics:

Jumping
squirrel
,
missing
squirrel

Ka astana ieuh
Abdi lepat narosan
Teu ti anggalna
I would have thought it was just
too wide

Teu hawatos
You’re tired of swaying ngtos
The fire of fire teu emut kana pasini
Pasini snuggles
duh scumbags…

Meaning:

The song Bajing Luncat tells of the disappointment a man feels when he finds out that his girlfriend is going to marry another man. Sadness is depicted in this song because the man cannot propose to the girl he has dreamed of for a long time.

10. Ka huma

Lyrics:

Hayu
batur
geura
harudang
_

Hayu batur geura mariang
Tong talangke tong sukan sukan
Choose the seeds of anu ngajadi
That’s where huma ngadagoan
Cultivating the rice fields of urang babareng

Saha deui, if you don’t have another one,
Anu takes care of food, clothing and
food.
Soson
soson ngarah teu mubah
Sangkan nagara gemah ripah

Meaning:

Ka Huma is a song that tells about the daily life of a farmer who goes to the fields every day to do farming. In the afternoon after the farmers had worked all day, they would return home together to relieve fatigue and rest so that tomorrow they could be excited again.

11. Sweep Pegat Simpay Pain

Lyrics:

Ririungan urang karumpul
Meumpeung deukeut hayu rang sosonoan
Macangkrama bari ngawadul
Urang silih tempas silih eledan

Moal lila jeung babaturan
Hiji wanci anu geus ditangtukeun
Will be separated will be far away
Will be mapohokeun katineung urang

Sweep, rushing hoops, destiny will lead to
Ti Gusti Hyang Widi definitely
going
crazy.

Meaning:

Sapu Nyere Pegat Simpay is a song that tells about togetherness which one day can just end. This song invites us to be able to make such beautiful memories while still living healthy and still being able to gather together.

12. Father Priangan

Lyrics:

Pick up ngagandeuang
Wake up taya karingrang
Nganggo sinjang slowed down
Mojang priangan …

Sura Seuri’s cute people
are looking for the lyrics of
Mojang Priangan’s keupat …

Diraksukan kabaya
Nambihan Cahayana
Simple Dangdosan
Mojang Priangan

Mojang anu donto
Matak sono nu nempo
Mun sono flour ka
Mojang Priangan

Gareulis maranis
Disinjang lalenjang
Estu sono mun leumpang
Mojang Priangan …

Digigirna ge lenggik
Dihareupna ge sieup
Ditukangna lenght
Mojang Priangan

Diraksukan kabaya
Nambihan Cahayana
Simple Dangdosan
Mojang Priangan

Mojang anu donto
Matak sono nu nempo
Mun sono flour ka
Mojang Priangan

Meaning:

As the title implies, the song Mojang Priangan means a Bandung girl. This song tells how beautiful Bandung girls are. The lyrics of the Mojang Priangan song also tell how they walk, dress and are able to describe how the smiles that Bandung girls have.

13. Sabilulungan

Lyrics:

Sabilulungan…the basis of mutual cooperation
Sabilulungan…the nature of one-to-one
Sabilulungan…tiles are cut by
Sabilulungan..Tempong union

Tohaga rohaka
Resolutely embraces the sabilulung
Satia…sajiwa
Segut singkil exterminates the exile

Sabilulungan… breathe sauyunan
Sabilulungan…silih pikaheman
Sabilulungan..nulung tinulungan
Sabilulungan..solid unity

Santosa samapta
Teuneung ludeung taught the authority of
Saihwan, greeted
Nagri Nanjung, berekah sabilulungan

Sabilulungan…the basis of mutual cooperation
Sabilulungan…the nature of one-to-one
Sabilulungan…tiles are cut by
Sabilulungan..Tempong union

Meaning:

Translated into Indonesian, Sabilulungan means togetherness. As the title suggests, the song Sabilulungan tells about togetherness, mutual cooperation and invites anyone to always maintain a sense of unity.

The song Sabilulungan was created by a Sundanese artist named Kokok Koswara or who is often called Mang Koko. Through the lyrics of the song, there is an implied meaning, namely that togetherness and unity have become a symbol of the Indonesian nation and it should be protected and preserved.

Author: Hendrik

Also read:

Al-Qur’an Verses About Rizki – For Muslims, sustenance is something that has been arranged by Allah SWT. Therefore, there are many verses in the Qur’an about sustenance that you can use as a guide in living this life. To find out more clearly about the verses of the Qur’an about rizki, you can see this article, Sinaumed’s.

Definition of Rizky

Fortune or sustenance is one of the things that is the secret of Allah SWT. Allah mentions in the verses of the Qur’an about sustenance that sustenance is the same as a person’s death, age, and mate. However, Allah has also confirmed that every creature on earth has guaranteed its sustenance. Therefore, we as Muslims who believe in Allah should no longer feel anxious about the problem of sustenance.

Because the problem of sustenance has been arranged by Allah, we as His servants only need to try our best to achieve it.

Islam views sustenance not only as material, other non-material enjoyment such as health, happiness, household harmony, knowledge, work, and so on are also very valuable and need to be grateful for.

Al-Quran is the holy book of Muslims which explains everything including the problem of sustenance. In the holy book, there are many verses that mention sustenance. Every human being and creature on earth has all been determined and regulated by God’s sustenance. The task of humans is only to seek sustenance in a lawful way and be grateful for it.

Fortune is the door of life that should be grateful for favors. Fortune comes from Allah SWT, because Allah SWT is the Most Giver and Most Rich.

Apart from trying to work to earn sustenance, humans must also place their trust by praying a lot to Allah so that the door of sustenance will be made easy and opened. Practices to bring sustenance include performing dhuha prayers, reading the Al Quran Surah Ar Rahman, giving charity and praying a lot.

As explained in the letter Ar-Rum verse 40. In that letter, Allah SWT says, “It is Allah who created you, then gives you sustenance, then turns off, then revives (again). Is there anyone among those whom you associate with Allah who can do something like that? Glory be to Him and Most High of what they associate.”

Verses of the Qur’an about Rizki

Human duty is to try and continue to work as well as possible. Well, the following verses from the Koran about sustenance will make you more enthusiastic and calm in waiting for Allah SWT’s sustenance. The following is an explanation of the verses of the Qur’an about sustenance:

1. Surah Ibrahim verse 34

Meaning: “And He has given you everything you asked of Him. And if you count the favors of Allah, surely you will not be able to count them. Indeed, humans are very unjust and very denying (the favors of Allah).”

Through this verse, we have been promised sustenance by Allah SWT if we do it seriously. However, it is inappropriate if we count anything and the number of favors given by Him. Because that is not grateful and includes wrongdoing.

2. Surah Ibrahim Verse 7

Meaning: And (remember) when your Lord announced, “Indeed, if you are grateful, I will surely add (favors) to you, but if you deny (My favors), then My punishment will be very severe.” (QS. Ibrahim Verse 7).

In this verse, Allah SWT again reminds His servants to always be grateful for all the blessings that He has bestowed. If they do it, then the favor will be added again by Him.

On the other hand, Allah also reminds those who deny His favor, and do not want to be grateful that He will inflict a very painful punishment on them. Grateful for God’s grace can be done in various ways.

First, with a sincere greeting; secondly, accompanied by deeds, namely using the grace for purposes that are pleasing to Him. In everyday life, we can see that people who are generous and like to spend their wealth for the public interest and helping people, generally never fall into poverty or misery.

In fact, his fortune is always increasing, his wealth is increasing, and his life is happy, loved and respected in the association.

On the other hand, rich people who are stingy, or like to use their wealth for things that are not pleasing to Allah, such as gambling or taking usury, their wealth does not increase, in fact it quickly decreases. In addition, he was always hated and cursed by the people, and in the afterlife received severe punishment.

3. Surah Hud verse 6

Meaning: “And not a single creature moves (animate) on earth but all of them are guaranteed by Allah’s sustenance. He knows his residence and where it is kept. All (written) in a real Book (Lauh Mahfuzh).”

Creeping animals, which live on earth which includes animals that crawl, crawl, or even walk on two legs, are all guaranteed sustenance by Allah.

These animals are given instincts and the ability to seek their sustenance according to the nature of events, everything is arranged by Allah with His wisdom and wisdom so that there is always harmony.

Surah Hud verse 6 explains the sustenance guaranteed by Allah SWT. Actually, the sustenance of all humans and even all creatures in this world has been written and determined in the Lawh Mahfuzh.

So, you don’t have to worry about the fortune you get. You don’t need to feel deprived or poor because all the sustenance you get has been guaranteed by Allah SWT. So if you can accept it, all your needs will definitely be fulfilled.

4. Surah An-Najm verses 39-41

Verse 39

Meaning: “and that man only gets what he has worked for,”

Verse 40

Meaning: “and indeed his efforts will be shown (to him),”

Verse 41

Meaning: “then he will be rewarded with the most perfect reward.”

Surah An Najm verses 39-41 explains the door of sustenance that will open if humans try to get this sustenance. Because there is nothing in this world that is instantaneous, then everything must be worked on especially in meeting the necessities of life or making money.

Humans must be active in running their business, of course adhering to the principles of trustworthiness and responsibility. Humans must be able to utilize the energy and ideas that Allah SWT has given to seek sustenance. Allah SWT actually does not like people who are lazy.

5. Letter of Noah verses 10-12

Verse 10

Meaning: so I said (to them), “Ask forgiveness from your Lord, Indeed, He is Forgiving,

Verse 11

Meaning: “He will surely send down heavy rain from the sky on you,”

Verse 12

Meaning: “He multiplied your wealth and children, and made gardens for you and made rivers for you.”

Surah Noah verses 10-12 explains about the door of sustenance that opens if we always remember Allah SWT with istighfar and ask Him for forgiveness. Beristighfar and begging for forgiveness will make it easier for you to get through all obstacles in seeking sustenance.

Obstacles in seeking sustenance can be due to bad things that are done by us unconsciously. So, if you encounter obstacles in your quest for sustenance, don’t despair, you must remain in the way of Allah SWT by making istighfar and asking Him for forgiveness as much as possible.

6. Surah At-Talaq verses 2-3

Meaning: ” Whoever fears Allah, surely He will open a way out for him, and He gives him sustenance from where he does not expect. And whoever puts his trust in Allah, Allah will fulfill his (needs). Verily, Allah carries out His affairs. Indeed, Allah has made provision for everything.” (QS. At Thalaq: 2-3).

The verse explains that if the wife’s iddah period is almost over and the husband still wants to be reunited, then he may refer to his wife and live well together as husband and wife, carry out his obligations, provide groceries, clothes, housing, and so on.

People who fear Allah, and obediently comply with the rules that have been set, among others, regarding the reconciliation and divorce mentioned above, He will surely show him a way out of the difficulties he faces.

For those who fear Allah, they are not only given and made easy ways out of the difficulties they face, but also provided with sustenance by Allah from unexpected directions, which have never crossed their minds. Then, Allah calls on them to put their trust in Him, because it is Allah who fulfills their needs to make their affairs successful.

Putting your trust in Allah means surrendering yourself to Him, fully surrendering to Him the success of your business. After he tries and establishes an endeavor, then he puts his trust in it.

It is not trustworthiness if a person surrenders his situation to Allah without effort and endeavor. Try and endeavor first then put your trust in Allah.

Surah At-Talaq verse 3 explains about the sustenance of Allah SWT which can come from anywhere and sometimes unexpectedly. Allah SWT is the source of all the sustenance that we get, so we should be grateful.

7. Surah Al Mulk Verse 21

Fortune does not come by itself but must be picked up by trying and doing good and lawful work.

Meaning: “Or who is he who gives you sustenance if Allah withholds His sustenance?” (Al-Mulk: 21).

In this verse it is emphasized who is the person who can provide you with sustenance apart from Allah, if He decides it from you. In other words, no one can give, prevent, create, give sustenance, and help other than Allah SWT. alone, there is no partner for Him. They know this, but they worship other than Him.

8. Surah Al Jumuah Verse 10

Meaning: “When the prayers have been performed, then scatter you on the face of the earth; and seek the bounty of Allah.” (Al-Jumu’ah: 10).

After being prohibited from carrying out transactions after the call that ordered Muslims to gather for Friday prayers, then it was allowed for them after that to spread over the face of the earth in order to seek God’s gift, namely sustenance.

9. Surah Al Ankabut Verse 62

Meaning: “Allah expands sustenance for whom He wills among His servants and He (also) narrows it down for him. Surely Allah is All-Knower of all things.” (QS. Al Ankabut Verse 62)

In this verse, Allah states that it is He who widens sustenance for whom He wills and constricts sustenance for whom He wills. He alone has the power to determine sustenance, so that believers need not be reluctant to emigrate for fear of poverty.

Allah provides sustenance wherever they are, whether in their own country, or in other people’s lands or on their way, even when they are captured by enemies. Allah says: Indeed Allah, He is the Giver of sustenance Who Has Strength and is Very Sturdy.

10. Surah Al Baqarah Verse 172

Meaning: “O you who believe! Eat of the good sustenance that We give you and give thanks to Allah, if you only worship Him.” (QS. Al Baqarah verse 172)

In this verse it is emphasized that a believer eats the good food given by Allah, and the sustenance that He gives must be grateful. In verse 168 the command to eat good food is addressed to humans in general.

Therefore, the order was accompanied by a prohibition on following Satan’s teachings. Whereas in this verse the command is directed to the believers only so that they eat the good sustenance of Allah. Therefore, this order is accompanied by an order to be grateful.

11. Al-Quran verses about sustenance: QS Ar-Rum: 37

12. Al-Quran verses about sustenance: QS Al-Qasas: 82

13. Al-Quran Verses About Fortune: QS Al-Isra: 30

Gratitude is not only spoken verbally, but also practiced with deeds. Helping people who are in trouble or giving charity is a form of gratitude. That way, surely Allah SWT will fulfill the needs of life.

Basically, talking about good fortune has been arranged by Allah SWT and good luck does not always have to be about money, but good luck can also be in the form of health. Therefore, it is appropriate for Muslims to live this life full of gratitude for the health that we have today, so that it becomes easier to carry out various activities.

Musical Instruments from West Java Region – Maybe when you hear the name of the province of West Java, of course what comes to mind is its capital which is quite famous, namely Bandung. The city has a long history in the development of the Indonesian nation. Not surprisingly, there are several nicknames pinned for this city, such as Bandung Sea of ​​Fire, Paris Van Java, Flower City, and various other nicknames.

Apart from all that, this province is also known for its beautiful panoramas, and rich in local wisdom. There are various kinds of regional games, songs, dances, traditional musical instruments, regional specialties, and so on.

Talking about traditional musical instruments in the province of West Java, you need to be proud because some of these traditional musical instruments from Sunda are already global or already known by foreign countries, and some have even become one of the world’s cultural heritages by UNESCO.

It can be said that the traditional musical instruments originating from West Java are very diverse. For this reason, this discussion will be discussed based on the existing classification. Based on this classification, it is distinguished from the material of the musical instrument to how to play it. What are they? Let’s look at the discussion one by one below.

1. Karinding Musical Instrument

Karinding is an ancient musical instrument originating from the Cineam area, Tasikmalaya, West Java. Not only from the area of ​​origin who can find this instrument, because now this instrument has spread to various other areas. However, the name and form are slightly different.

Named Karinding because its shape is similar to a kind of insect or commonly known as kakarindingan. From there, people think that if there is a kakarindingan, then of course there is a karindingan. It is likened to if there are toy cars then there are cars.

In ancient times, this karinding was usually carried by farmers, to drive away pests in the fields.
In addition, karinding is also one of the musical instruments that is usually performed by men who have reached puberty when visiting a girl’s house they like (At that time the girls were still secluded in the house). So that in every house, you can often find a musical instrument tucked away in between the rooms of the house.

Karinding itself is a percussion instrument. How to play this instrument by inserting it into the mouth, then at the end it is hit or flicked using a finger. From there, it produces a sound in the form of “pow…” through the mouth of the player who acts like a soundboard.

Basically, this karinding instrument is a musical instrument that does not have a tone or is also known as a rhythmic instrument. Even so, the sound produced from this karinding also depends on the players. Some of the players from this karinding are good at playing karinding as a melodic musical instrument.

2. Angklung musical instrument

Angklung is a multinational or double-pitched musical instrument that has developed traditionally in the Sunda region. Precisely located in the western part of Java Island.

This musical instrument is made of bamboo which is played by shaking. The sound produced by this angklung comes from the impact of the body of a bamboo pipe which produces a vibrating sound in the form of an arrangement of 2 (two), 3 (three) to 4 (four) tones for each size, both small and large.

Based on the Dictionary of the Sunda Language by Jonathan Rigg, published in Batavia in 1862, it is recorded that the angklung is a musical instrument made of bamboo pipes whose ends are cut so that they resemble pipes in an organ. After that, the pipes are fastened together into a single frame.

The angklung musical instrument has been recorded as a masterpiece of human oral and non-material cultural heritage from UNESCO since November 2010.

How to play the angklung musical instrument by shaking it to produce a tone or sound based on the size or size of the bamboo sticks. There are several basic techniques in playing this instrument which include the following:

• Kurulung, has the meaning of vibration. In this general technique, playing with the right hand holding the basic tube, and vibrating from left to right repeatedly.
• Centok, means jerk. In this technique, how to play the basic tube is pulled quickly into the palm of the hand, so that it produces a single sound or is called staccato.
• Tengkep, like kurulung but only one tube is held so it doesn’t vibrate. This technique produces a pure tone or just one melody tone.

3. Calung Musical Instruments

Calung is a musical instrument originating from Sundanese land, and is the prototype of the angklung.
But unlike the angklung instrument, which is shaken to play, this calung instrument is played by being hit on the rods or bamboo tubes which have been arranged based on the pitch of the barrel or scales, and also pentatonic.

The type of bamboo used for making this musical instrument is awi wulung or black bamboo, but some are made from awi friends or white bamboo.

In addition, this calung musical instrument is also a designation for one of the typical Sundanese performing arts. There are two types of calung, namely calung tote and calung rantay.

4. Arumba Musical Instruments

Arumba is a musical instrument made of bamboo similar to angklung. The term arumba comes from the abbreviation, namely the strains of a bamboo grove.

At first, the arumba instrument used a pentatonic scale. However, over time, this musical instrument uses diatonic scales.

5. Lute Musical Instrument

The kecapi is an original stringed musical instrument from Indonesia which is allied with other stringed musical instruments in East Asia, and also Southeast Asia, such as Vietnam, Japan, Thailand, Korea, Burma and China.
In Indonesia itself, this musical instrument has spread in various parts of the archipelago, including Java, Sundanese, Bugis, Batak, Dayak, Timor, Toraja, and so on.

Lute musical instruments have different names and shapes in each region, such as Kacaping, Kecapi, Kutiyapi, Kasapi, and so on.

However, the Sundanese lute has a shape and playing technique that is advanced and developed compared to similar stringed instruments in Indonesia.

In fact, as this technology develops, a more modern and sophisticated electronic harp is created. Based on its function this instrument is divided into two parts, including:

– Goose harp

The ovary lute is used to lead the music by providing an intro, bridges and interludes, as well as determining the tempo.

– Harp Detail

Kecapirincik is usually used to enrich a musical accompaniment by filling in the spaces between the notes using high frequencies. Unlike the ovary lute which uses 18 or 20 strings, this lute only uses 15 strings.

6. Toleat Musical Instruments

Toleat musical instrument is a musical instrument that is played by blowing. Toleat comes from Subang and is usually played by shepherds in the north coast area. They will play this instrument while waiting for the shepherd. At first this musical instrument was created, toleat was made of straw. However, over time, this musical instrument was made from tamiang bamboo. This is because the craftsmen see that the material is more durable and of better quality.

Toleat has eight tone holes with slendro tones. So that it can produce a unique sound and is similar to the sound of a saxophone. The shape of this musical instrument does look like a flute. However, toleat has ruts made of berenuk wood. The toleat instrument can be combined with various other types of musical instruments and can produce unique musical innovations. This instrument is generally combined with drums or harps. Even now, toleat has started collaborating with modern musical instruments such as keyboards.

7. Tarawangsa Musical Instruments

Tarawangsa is a traditional musical instrument originating from West Java and is played by swiping. The presence of this one musical instrument is apparently older than the fiddle. This can be proven from the existence of ancient manuscripts which mention the tarawangsa musical instrument.

This musical instrument can be found in several areas in West Java and Banten. Starting from the Sumedang area, Banjaran, Cipatujah, Kanekes, and others.

Although the instrument has two strings. But there is only one string that is played by swipe. The rest, the other strings will be played by plucking using the left index finger.

8. Jentreng Musical Instrument

Jentreng is a traditional musical instrument from West Java and is played by touching and picking. This one musical instrument is identical to the lute instrument. But the size of the jentreng is smaller and has only 7 strings. Generally, jentreng is made of ylang flower wood or jackfruit wood. The presence of this instrument is not much different from the tarawangsa musical instrument. This is because the two are often combined in an art performance known as the jentreng and tarawangsa arts.

9. Genggong Subang

Genggong is a traditional musical instrument typical of Subang, West Java. The word “genggong” comes from the name of the swamp. Not only that, the term refers to the name of folk art which consists of various kinds of traditional musical instruments. These arts are usually performed to commemorate special days such as Independence Day. Apart from West Java, on the Island of the Gods, Bali also has a traditional musical instrument called the genggong. However, musical instruments originating from Bali are made from palm fronds and are played by yanggem or sucking.

10. Bamboo Flute

In the tradition of the Sundanese people, the flute is generally made of tamiang type bamboo and has a length of 52 cm and a diameter of 15-18 mm. In one bamboo stick will be given several holes. One hole is tied with rattan that has been thinned and serves as a sound source. Then the other 6 to 9 holes function as tone regulators.

In the Sundanese karawitan art, there are two types of flutes used. The first is a flute with six holes or genep holes. Usually this flute will be used to accompany the Sundanese song Cianjuran or Gamelan Degung Kreasi. The second is a flute with four lubanh or liang opat. Usually this flute is used in the Sundanese song Cianjuran and the Classical Gamelan Degung.

11. Rebab

Rebab is a traditional musical instrument from West Java which has been known since the 8th century. This musical instrument was once brought by traders from the Middle East who came to Indonesia. The rebab can not only be found in West Java, because the rebab is also a traditional musical instrument from Jambi.

The term rebab comes from the word Rabab which comes from the Persian language and means sad. This understanding is in accordance with the types of songs that are often played using the fiddle, namely sad songs or ngalengis. The rebab musical instrument is also commonly referred to as lengek, which means friction or mat. Meanwhile, people who play the fiddle are called “ngalengek”, which means playing the fiddle.

In the past, the fiddle was made of copper and had three strings or strings. However, over time the fiddle was made using wood in the form of an arrow. This instrument itself is played by swiping like a violin, just not lifting it to the shoulder.

12. Jengglong

Jengglong is a musical instrument that many people still know. This musical instrument is a musical instrument that has a function as a basic tone creator and also a framework for songs in gamelan art.

Jengglong is usually played by being hit. The beater used is made of wood which at the ends is wrapped with woolen cloth which has a fine texture.

Apart from that, we also use a thin rubber band tied to the end of a round shaped hammer. This is done with the aim that the sound produced is not too harsh and also pleasing to the ear. This musical instrument is generally made using bronze, iron, or brass base materials.

Jengglong has the shape of blades lined up above the resonator or sound chamber. The existing blades are divided into two ancak. Where both consist of 3 blades with a curved surface.

13. Celempung Musical Instrument

Celempung is a musical instrument whose origins are unknown until now. Where and when was this musical instrument created. The celempung musical instrument is usually made of bamboo with a diameter of 50 to 70 cm.

The celempung musical instrument is combined with several other types of celempung musical instruments and is called the celempung jointly. Traditional musical instruments are played by being hit using a tool.

This musical instrument creates a tone using the resonant waves that are in the space of the bamboo stalks. Apart from being used as a means of entertainment, the celempung musical instrument is also used as a media for preaching in Islamic teachings. In the performance, the celempung instrument acts as a regulator of the rhythm of the song. Usually, celempung will be combined with other musical instruments such as fiddle, karinding, lute, and others.

• Melodic Musical Instruments
• Traditional musical instruments
• Rhythmic Instruments
• Kinds of Modern and Traditional Musical Instruments
• Types of Music Genres
• Best Friendship Song
• Kinds of Film Genres

Those are some explanations about the variety of musical instruments originating from West Java. As the next generation of the nation, of course we must preserve Indonesian traditional arts, especially those from where we were born. Why is it necessary to preserve the art or culture of Indonesia?

Because, this has become the hallmark of our nation and has become our own pride. If we don’t preserve it, one day our country will lose its identity. In addition, our children and grandchildren will not be able to enjoy art and culture from regions throughout Indonesia.

The following are some book recommendations related to the art of traditional musical instruments and Indonesian culture.

How to Memorize Quickly  – In everyday life we ​​often need good reading and memorizing skills, whether it’s for school exams, presentation materials on campus, proposals when starting a business, and so on.

The key is to memorize yourself by repeating the reading process continuously, but this is quite time-consuming and sometimes we don’t have enough time to do it. The following are 13 Secrets of How to Memorize Quickly in the Edutore style . Check these out!

13 Secrets of How to Memorize Quickly

1. HANDWRITING METHOD

The first way to memorize quickly is the handwriting method. Educational psychologist from the University of Nebraska, Kenneth Kiewra, said that writing activities make brain functions related to the ability to remember and understand a lesson sharper.

This was also revealed by researchers from Washington University. They said students who took notes using the handwriting method were able to remember lessons longer than those who didn’t. Because, writing makes the brain well organized. It is also easier for the brain to record things that have been written by Sinaumed’s’ hands. Learn how to write effectively with Let’s Write Tips!

2. MIND MAP METHOD

mind mapping is a visually organized mind mapping of ideas and concepts. This technique was originally introduced by Tony Buzan, a psychologist from England. By Memorizing Quickly in the mind map style, it is guaranteed to be more effective for understanding and memorizing subject matter.

Mind maps are considered as a system that uses the principles of brain management to unlock all the hidden potentials and capacities of the brain. Learn this method through the Step-by-Step Mind Map book.

Because we learn to use the right brain which involves imagination, visualization, creativity, and is directly related to the subconscious brain so it’s easier to remember. In addition, with this learning technique, our minds will focus on the main topic and then associate it with certain keywords from a lesson.

This will certainly make it easier for us to remember because we focus on important points and sum it up into a simple concept map. Besides being interesting, making a Mind Map is also not difficult, you know. Interested in trying Sinaumed’s? Here’s how:

• Prepare paper that is ready for you to scribble on, preferably plain paper so you can be free for your imagination. Second, of course, colorful pencils or markers to make it look more attractive!
• After everything is ready, start mind mapping by writing the main topic in the middle of the page. From there, just started to develop into related subtopics along with their derivatives. For example, you are studying science, then the main topic is how living things develop. Means that the subtopics are divided into generative and vegetative. Derivatives for vegetative for example plants and animals, so on.
• Try to use one word or phrase for each sub-topic or its derivatives, to make it easier for you to remember. If you use a word that is too long or complicated, it will certainly prevent you from memorizing it right?
• Add simple illustrations to make your mind map more exciting! Don’t forget to use a different color for each subtopic line, to make it more visually appealing. The more creative, the more interesting your mind map will be!

3. METHOD OF THE Donkey Bridge

This method may have been applied by many students when they have to memorize a foreign term that is difficult to remember. The donkey bridge is known to be effective in helping the brain remember in a more fun way. According to the Adolescent Literacy Organization, along with its development, the donkey bridge also makes use of pictures and other objects such as hands, hereinafter known as visual mnemonics.

One example of applying this method is taking the first letter of each word in the phrase you want to memorize. Then form the first set of letters into a new word or sentence.

An example is the sequence of rainbow colors, namely “mejikuhibiu” which stands for red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple. In addition, the application of this technique can also be seen when we try to memorize the periodic table.

4. MAKE IMPORTANT POINTS

The easiest way to memorize quickly is to record key words or points from reading or presentations that are important. You can record it on a piece of paper or in the notes application on a smartphone, tablet, and so on.

But like the number one method, researchers from Washington University, USA, revealed that people who take notes by hand have better memories. So, if you take notes on a piece of paper or a notebook, write with colored markers and distinguish colors for each key word or important points to make it easier to memorize and store in brain memory.

With the help of colored markers and colored pencils, you can make your notes more interesting and colorful. That way, reading notes will not feel boring. Don’t forget to include pictures that match the material, Sinaumed’s!

5. MAKE A SONG

Memorizing lessons takes days. Meanwhile, memorizing the lyrics of the latest songs doesn’t even last a day. Have you ever experienced something similar to Sinaumed’s? It turns out that our brains are easier to memorize music. Let’s try to make a song from your subject matter.

You can change the lyrics of your favorite songs to the names of countries in the world and their capitals. Or you can make up your own tunes. This method is suitable for you who really like music. You can also sing it with your friends when you’re messing around casually. Of course, using songs as a way to memorize quickly will make it easier for you in Sinaumed’s.

6. REC

How people learn is different. For those of you with the Auditory learning type, you will definitely understand more when you hear other people’s explanations. Well, you can record your teacher’s voice when he is explaining. Then you can listen to the recording over and over again.

Another way is to record your own voice. You can use language that is easy for you to understand when recording material. Besides making it easier for you to learn, you can practice your speaking skills as well. Great right? This is a great way to memorize quickly.

7. VISUALIZATION

The 7th way to memorize quickly is visualization. In fact, our brains are faster at remembering or memorizing something that is visual. Well, you can apply this method of memorizing quickly. For example, you want to memorize car series from an automotive brand.

Draw the cars (or you can search on the internet, then print). Do this method as often as possible and paste it in a place you can always see, your subconscious will certainly make it easier for you to memorize it

8. CREATE A STORY

To help the brain absorb large pieces of information, another trick you can try to break down the information is to create a story that connects each piece of information.

For example, if we need to memorize complex chemical formulas, we can rename a molecule with a human name starting with the same letter (Carol = Chlorine, for example) and create a mini story where the formula becomes a character molecule in the formula that has the same characteristics as humans.

This can be a very effective method for learning complex information. For example, Glucose is sweet, cheerful and can be a good friend to all living things.

9. GROUP LEARNING

Studying with friends can actually make you better understand and remember the lessons that have been taught in class. A pleasant atmosphere with friends is the reason why this method of memorizing quickly is considered effective. Because, with friends, you will also find learning methods that are suitable and fun. Also, if you don’t understand, ask a friend who knows the lesson to explain it to you. Explained by friends of the same age are usually easier to understand because their thoughts tend to be the same. Here are some tips for effective group study Sinaumed’s:

• For group study, of course you need a friend who is your study group. In fact, anyone of your friends can be invited to join together. But being selective in choosing study friends is also necessary, make sure they really want, are sincere, and sincerely learn and share knowledge with you. The maximum number of group members is 5 people. With not too many group members it is hoped that you can focus more on the discussion.
• Determine the study material long before the group study is carried out. Determining study material before group study is very important so that all members can prepare themselves for the material to be discussed.
• Determine the right length of study so that the learning process does not feel boring. Not too fast and not too long either. Studying too long will certainly make you feel bored. One to two hours is sufficient for group study. An effective study time is during the day or evening after resting at home. Make sure that each member arrives on time at the place previously agreed upon by Sinaumed’s.
• Really Study, When learning starts make sure you really focus on the main goal, which is learning. Eliminate in advance the things that disrupt the learning process so that the learning process is no longer effective.
• Choose a place to study that is comfortable and quiet, away from television or crowds. A quiet and comfortable place for group study is very helpful in increasing concentration in the learning and discussion process.
• Each should bring a different snack. Later during the rest season you and your friends can exchange snacks, this will make the atmosphere warmer and more enjoyable.
• No Need To Be Tense, You Can Study With Serious But Relaxed Conditions. Learning does not need to be too tense so as not to feel bored. But also not made to play. Keep creating serious learning conditions, but stay relaxed and don’t make you feel bored.
• Understand Each Other’s Responsibilities. Study groups will be useless if the members are selfish and choose to let go of responsibility. That is why it is very important to be selective in choosing study partners who really want to learn and understand each other’s responsibilities in a group.
• Sharing Knowledge and Exchanging Thoughts Don’t be stingy to share knowledge and help your friends who are difficult to understand the tasks that have been given. Besides that, try to exchange opinions about the subject matter that will be studied the next day. Usually each member has a different understanding of capturing Sinaumed’s material.

10. Q&A QUIZ

You can ask your mother, father, brother or sister to make questions from the content of the lesson that you have recorded in the book. This method does look like the activity of answering practice questions, but packaged in a more interesting way. In this way, you can easily remember the answers to the questions asked by the people around you. Who knows the questions they ask are the same as those that came out on the test paper.

11. SET STUDY DESK

Find a comfortable place for you to read back what you have learned in class. You can choose to read by a quiet pool with the sound of gurgling water or in a quiet coffee shop. A comfortable and pleasant atmosphere makes your brain relax and it will easily digest the things you read.

Besides that, if you choose to study in a coffee shop, the distinctive and delicious aroma will make your mind calmer, or just study in your room, but tidy up your room and study table beforehand. accompanied by playing favorite music, and preparing favorite snacks. These things can help you relax and study without the burden of Sinaumed’s.

12. WATCH FOOD INTAKE

The food we eat also greatly affects the performance of the brain, that’s why many say that if we consume too much food containing MSG, we can have difficulty concentrating. Fruits and vegetables should be a mandatory menu for you every day, considering that they are the best sources of nutrients and vitamins that are useful for maximizing all the functions of the body’s organs, including the brain. Consume:

• Blueberries: Contains antioxidants that can function in fighting free radicals and preventing brain damage. This fruit can also function in improving brain memory, as well as stopping the slowing down of motor function, balance and coordination. In fact, recent studies have found that blueberries, strawberries, and acai fruit can help prevent and slow cognitive decline due to age.
• Peanuts and peanut butter, Although both are high in fat, peanuts and peanut butter are included in food sources that contain healthy fats, especially in which there is vitamin E which can prevent memory loss. Both of these foods can help keep the heart and brain healthy and functioning optimally. Don’t forget to choose peanut butter without sugar, OK?
• Salmon, mackerel, tuna, and other fish are rich in memory-sharpening omega-3 fatty acids, as well as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is essential for the normal function of neurons.
• Avocado One fruit that contains healthy fats is avocado. In addition, avocados can also help blood flow run smoothly to the brain, reduce high blood pressure and help the heart stay healthy. A study has also found that foods rich in vitamin E, including avocados, can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s.
• Dark green leafy vegetables, spinach and broccoli are good sources of vitamin E and folic acid to be consumed in improving brain memory.
• Apples, Oftentimes, when you eat an apple, you will first peel off the skin and then eat the flesh. In fact, apple skin is rich in quercetin and antioxidants which can play a role in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s. What’s more, the red apples that you often consume also contain anthocyanins, another type of antioxidant that can improve brain memory.

13. ENOUGH SLEEP

Finally, don’t forget to get enough rest. The brain also needs rest so that its function remains optimal. Make sure you don’t sleep too late and don’t wake up too late. Adequate rest is effective in maintaining brain health.

The right bedtime will help us have good performance, maintain mental agility, as well as ward off stress and fatigue. Then, how many hours of sleep is ideal for you? The amount of healthy sleep time for each person turns out to vary depending on age:

• Adults (18-64 years): 7-9 hours
• Youth (14-17 years): 8-10 hours
• School children (6-13 years): 9-11 hours

Apart from getting enough sleep, you also need to have quality sleep, Sinaumed’s. These are tips for memorizing quickly and easily. Continue reading the following articles:

• Tips for Getting a Scholarship
• Tips to Increase Brain Intelligence

Purpose of Promotion – Promotion is a marketing activity carried out to introduce an item, so that it can attract the public’s interest. Those of you who sell or have your own business, of course, often do this to attract more buyers. However, that’s not all, because the promotion also has other purposes, which can be identified through the following full review.

What is Promotion?

In the world of work, promotion is also known as binding the rank of employees or workers in maintaining their position in a company. In contrast to the world of marketing which defines promotion as an activity to improve or develop something in a better direction.

Something in question can be a product, goods, or company. However, promotions that are often carried out or carried out are in the field of promotion. Talking about the world of marketing, someone promotes by communicating with someone or the public who have a broad relationship.

The goal is still to introduce newly released products and influence them to want to buy, even use them. Marketers are people who do it, where they are used to doing it every day.

The activities they carry out will usually incorporate several forms of promotion, such as using advertising, price discounts, or company branding for an item. For example, there are shoe products that advertise on television to introduce their latest releases at discounted prices. They can inform at any time and make sales from anywhere.

There are many ways to do marketing, as well as the media to be used. In several methods, promotion has experienced rapid development through print media, billboards, radio, television, billboards, and most especially social media.

Definition of Promotion According to Experts

1. Fandy Tjiptono

According to Fandy, promotion is marketing communication that is done to influence, convey something, persuade, and increase the target market of a company. Promotion is also carried out so that the products being sold can be well received by the public, so that they can also buy and use them.

2. Zimmerer

All kinds of persuasive communications that are persuasive and can influence consumers. The design of the communication aims to inform customers of goods or services so that they become more interested, even in the scope of publicity, advertising, and personal purposes.

3. Lupiyoadi creeper

Promotion is said to be a variable that can be sufficient for product marketing from a company. Promotional activities are also not just a form of communication between sellers and prospective buyers, but a tool to influence consumers in using goods and services so that their lives become easier.

4. Indriyo Gitosudarmo

Promotion is an activity carried out by marketers to influence potential consumers to become more familiar with a product. Thanks to the offer, they will be happy and have the desire to have it for a long time.

5.Philip Kotler

Promotion is a marketing strategy that involves communicating with the target market through the marketing mix method. You will hear this term a lot when studying marketing methods.

The marketing mix has 12 concepts, from product planning to display. However, the twelve concepts have been simplified from time to time to only four concepts consisting of product , promotion , price , and place .

The purpose of holding this marketing mix is ​​to realize certain goals when marketing is carried out. So, the company has certain goals, apart from wanting to develop its business to be more advanced.

Promotional Goals to Generate Business

1. Able to Get Market Attention Quickly

Where do you usually get information about new brands? Of course, from the promotional program they have done.

Even though the types of activities carried out may vary or vary, good promotion certainly will not escape the public’s attention. When an ojek driver gets a luxury car prize, people will be even more curious and want to get a similar prize.

2. Maintaining Consumer Loyalty

Consumer loyalty is a big advantage for a business actor, but competitors are always there to win over customers by means of other promotions. It’s different if you are always diligent in carrying out promotions with various attractive offers, surely consumers will remain loyal to using your product.

For those of you who have a business, selling products to loyal consumers will certainly feel easier. Chances of success, can even reach 60-70%.

3. Increasing Brand Awareness

Brand awareness is very important and plays a big role for online businesses. This can strengthen the relationship between products and consumers in the long run.

For example, if you want to buy mineral water, people will call it Aqua. Likewise with instant noodles because people are more used to calling it Indomie. Strong branding will make your product always stick and be remembered by consumers.

4. Increase Product Sales Potential

The key is, good promotion can certainly boost sales, even reaching a percentage of 100%. The company takes a creative and innovative approach to its products so that they are different from competitors.

Effective Ways to Achieve Promotional Goals

So, since the benefits of promotions are really promising, that means you have to make the best of it, right? There are many promotions that can be done for your online or real product.

1. Provide Discounts or Discounts

Price is still the main factor for consumers and sellers who want to make a purchase transaction. Therefore, promos or price discounts will always be eagerly awaited by customers.

Why are they always waiting for a discount or a discount? Of course because the discount can make the price cheap. Abroad, events are often held that present special discounts on the same day. If you have your own shop, of course you can give discounts at will.

Discounts can of course be given for all types of online businesses, such as thrifting businesses , selling food, snacks, clothing, to furniture .

2. Provide Free Shipping

Those of you who use online shop applications to meet your needs by buying a number of products, of course, always look forward to free shipping . The increase in transactions in e-commerce is also supported by the ease of shipping goods. Without waiting long or without walking out of the house, your items can arrive home safely and quickly.

There have been many shipping expeditions that provide the best service. It’s just that, high tariffs are still an obstacle for those who want to shop online or buy goods from somewhere.

In fact, the price of the desired product has received a discount and is very cheap, but what does it mean if the shipping fee is very expensive? Therefore, you as a marketer can offer free shipping to attract more buyers. Not only consumers will benefit, but also more value when buying products.

3. Offer Cashback

Who doesn’t want cashback when buying a product? Cashback or cashback is the target of buyers. Cashback cannot be given free of charge to all buyers because there are certain terms and conditions that must be followed. For example, a minimum purchase of a certain nominal.

Even so, cashback can still be a strategy to increase the number of purchases on your product. When you visit a large marketplace or online shop, the cashback offered is definitely there.

4. Holding a Flash Sale

Flash sale is a sales method that is carried out in a short time, as the name suggests. Limited number of items at low prices. Some of you must be familiar with flash sales from one of the largest marketplaces in Indonesia because indeed, this promotion strategy has proven to be useful.

Because the system is first-come-first-served, many potential customers certainly don’t want to miss this. The proof is that flash sales have really succeeded in hitting the market and making products always in demand like hotcakes.

5. Buy One Get One

Of course, you will feel happy when you spend money to buy just one product, but instead get one more product. Profits are doubled, you can even save expenses.

Consumers will profit if they buy a buy one get one free product, but how are things with the seller? It doesn’t matter when sellers use it to introduce new products while getting better profits in the future. Actually, consumers have bought two products at once which will increase production activities.

6. Giving Gifts

A gift is something special and can make someone happy when they receive it. This promotion method is to give a gift as a trailer for the product to be sold.

In fact, there are many types of gifts that can be used as a partner for a product. For example, you buy a cellphone and get a softcase as a gift that can protect the item from scratches or cracks.

Stores for clothing, accessories, or beauty products usually provide beautiful souvenirs for those who have decided to buy. Certainly, shopping time will feel more enjoyable and valuable.

7. Collect Rewards Points

What if after shopping, you will get lots of points with prizes? This promotion can be done through the customer loyalty program. This means that loyal consumers who buy your product must get special offers related to this reward.

This promotion strategy has been carried out by business people. For example, you have a car wash business. You can share special promo cards, so every time a customer, they will get a special sticker to collect.

8. Using Vouchers and Promo Codes

You may have received meal vouchers when buying certain books or received vouchers when shopping for a large amount. In this increasingly modern era, e-vouchers are starting to be used to replace business vouchers. This can be proven from business people who distribute vouchers from their shops via email.

By utilizing this promotion strategy, you will have a high opportunity to increase revenue . Whatever business is run, these high opportunities are still of great value and play an important role.

9. Provide Warranty

When buying electronic goods, you must have often met with the term warranty. Why is there always a guarantee on a certain product? Guarantees can make consumers feel safer and calm when buying a product.

The types of guarantees offered have various types, namely the quality of the goods, the authenticity of the goods, to competitive prices. This effort can be made according to the type of product or service offered.

In this type of business that offers products of the same type, competition from competitors in terms of price can indeed occur. Not infrequently consumers will hear statements from sellers that they will pay the difference in price if the price of a competitor turns out to be cheaper.

In addition, stores that always prioritize product quality will use promotional taglines such as ‘guaranteed original!’ or ‘get the best products only from our store’.

10. Providing Holiday Promos

Vacation is the most awaited moment by everyone, where they can refresh their mind, even see the amazing scenery. Everyone will carry out their plans to visit tourist destinations according to their wishes.

This is what makes holiday promotions also offered by sellers or business owners, accompanied by accommodation and transportation as amenities. Holiday promos can be in the form of discounts or discounts, depending on your vacation wishes.

However, you can also apply holiday promotions to other types of businesses so that they can attract more enthusiasts. For example, online businesses in the field of education that offer free registration.

11. Offer Tester

Have you ever received an offer to taste a bite of food while walking in a shopping center? Or, have you ever ordered coffee and got a bonus creamer to get a higher quality taste?

The way of promotion by giving a tester aims to see the reaction of consumers when they taste it. For every purchase that has been made by a customer, you can include a little new product in a small package.

Unlike souvenirs or gifts, testers are made to introduce new products to potential buyers. If the consumer response looks positive, you can continue the promotion to hit the market and get more profit.

12. Special Prices for Wholesale Purchases

Wholesale price is a special price given to consumers when buying a certain amount of products. Promotion at wholesale prices is more profitable for two parties at once, be it the seller or the buyer.

If you want your products to sell faster, this strategy for wholesale goods is a must try. Promotions at wholesale prices are generally used by stationery and fashion businesses.

13. Giving Giveaway

Giveaway is a way of promotion by giving away products for free or for nothing. The products distributed for this giveaway can be their own products or other people’s products, so consumers must follow all the conditions to participate.

Something good will bear sweet fruit, as well as the promotions you do. Don’t waste the opportunity because there are many powerful ways you can achieve your promotional goals in a short time.

Uric acid herbal medicine – Uric acid (gout) is a metabolic disorder in the body. Sufferers of gout will usually experience pain in several parts of the body, either for a relatively short time or for quite a long time.

Even so, uric acid can be treated with herbal medicines that have no side effects. However, not everyone knows that only herbal medicines can be used as drugs to treat gout. If you are one of those people, you don’t need to worry because this article will discuss more about gout herbal remedies that you can consume.

What are the gout herbal remedies? Check out the reviews about these 13 gout herbal remedies until they run out, Sinaumed’s.

About Uric Acid

Gout or in medical language is also known as gout is a medical condition in which there is a disturbance of uric acid metabolism in the body. The occurrence of gout causes an increase in uric acid levels in the body.

Uric acid crystals which then become excessive will also accumulate in body tissues and cause inflammation (inflammation) in the joints (arthritis). Chronic gout or uric acid in the long term will cause a buildup of uric acid, either in or around the joints. In the end, this will reduce kidney function and eventually form kidney stones.

Uric acid ( uric acid ) is also a waste substance that is formed when the body undergoes metabolism of substances which are also known as purines. This substance is quite easy to find in several foods and drinks that you often eat, such as alcohol, liver, meat and seafood.

In addition, gout can also occur when uric acid accumulates in the body and is difficult for the body to remove. When your body produces too much, it builds up to form uric acid crystals. This buildup can occur around the joints as well as the kidneys.

Some of the causes of high uric acid include obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and a history of gout in family members. Moreover, if you consume excessive amounts of alcohol, seafood and red meat, it will increase your risk of developing gout.

Symptoms of gout are usually marked by pain, limited movement in some joints, and swelling. Meanwhile, the biggest factor for gout is usually the content of foods with high purines and a family history of gout. If you feel that uric acid is very annoying for a long time, you should immediately consult a doctor.

This uric acid disease can also cause complications. The complications from gout, such as the kidneys don’t function properly or can even cause kidney stones. In addition, gout complications can also cause inflammation to become more widespread.

The Most Effective Natural Uric Acid Herbal Medicine

Gout is a disease caused by a family history of gout, consumption of drugs, or unhealthy daily eating and drinking patterns. However, gout can be treated with several herbal remedies. The following below is a natural uric acid remedy that you can make at home.

1. Soursop Leaves

Soursop leaves are known as leaves with a million benefits, one of which is as a natural remedy for gout. Steps to make herbal medicine from soursop leaves, namely:

• Clean soursop leaves using running water as much as 5-10 sheets.
• Cut and squeeze the soursop leaves to make it easier for the juice to come out of the soursop leaves.
• Boil soursop leaves using two glasses of water.
• Boil the soursop leaf water until the amount is reduced to half.
• Drink boiled water from soursop leaves as a remedy for gout twice a day and do it regularly.

2. Bay Leaves

Although it is known as a kitchen spice, bay leaves have benefits as a gout herbal remedy. Bay leaves also contain flavonoids, tannins, volatile alkaloids which have the function of improving kidney function, as well as facilitating and increasing urine volume. Therefore, bay leaves have many benefits, one of which is to relieve pain caused by inflammation. Steps to make natural uric acid medicine using soursop leaves, including:

• Clean 5-10 bay leaves that have dark green color.
• Cut and squeeze bay leaves and boil using 3 glasses of water.
• Boil until the water is reduced by a third.
• Drink water boiled bay leaves as gout medicine two to three times a week.

3. Celery

• Boil three glasses of celery seeds with three glasses of water.
• Boil until the water is reduced to half.
• Strain the water and cool it.
• Drink boiled water from celery seeds as a gout remedy two to three times a day.

4. Pineapple and Honey

Another gout herbal remedy that you can use next is a mixture of pineapple and honey. The way to make natural uric acid medicine from pineapple and honey itself is quite easy, just by blending the pineapple flesh until smooth, then mixing the pineapple that has been in the blender with cherry juice, ginger and turmeric which have been mashed as much as one tablespoon. Also add honey to taste. Drink this pineapple juice as a remedy for uric acid within one to three times a week.

5. Sambiloto

Sambiloto plants are increasingly popular as a plant that can be used as traditional herbal medicine. Sambiloto has aldehydes, ketones, alkanes, flavonoids and other important minerals which are very good for the body and are useful as a natural remedy for gout. Steps to make natural uric acid medicine from Sambiloto, namely:

• Boil a small handful of Sambiloto leaves using two glasses of water.
• When the cooking water has reduced to one-third, strain the water and drain.
• Drink this boiled water once a day as a drink, and consume it regularly

6. Green Tea

This trending drink is known to be very beneficial in reducing fat and cholesterol. However, who would have thought that this tea also contains epigallocatechin-3-gallate, polyphenols, vitamin E, and vitamin C. This content is very efficacious in preventing the buildup of uric acid and acts as an anti-inflammatory in preventing joint inflammation. The way to make green tea as a gout remedy is simple. Simply brew green tea and consume one to two glasses every day.

7. Brotowali

The next well-known plant as herbal medicine is brotowali. Besides functioning to treat various diseases, brotowali is also useful as a natural gout remedy. Apart from that, Brotowali can also treat high blood pressure, lower cholesterol, control blood sugar, increase immunity, and even make skin firmer and more youthful, you know!

The way to make natural gout medicine from brotowali is to boil a few leaves of brotowali that have been cleaned, then strain the water and drain it until it’s cold, drink the boiled water of brotowali as a gout remedy one to three times a week.

8. Sidaguri

Even though it still sounds foreign, this plant is commonly used as an ingredient in herbal concoctions. Sidaguri itself is generally used to treat infections of the skin. Not only that, sidaguri can also relieve pain due to rheumatism and gout.

The way to make natural gout medicine from sidaguri is to boil a few sidaguri leaves that have been cleaned, then strain the water and drain it until it’s cold, drink the boiled water of sidaguri as a gout remedy one to three times a week.

9. Cat Whiskers

This plant is famous as a herbal remedy for kidney stones. Not only that, cat whiskers are also efficacious as a natural gout remedy. In fact, the cat’s whiskers plant also contains orthosiphonin glycosides and diuretics, so it will help stimulate uric acid excretion through the urine. The steps for making natural uric acid medicine from cat’s whiskers leaves are very easy, including:

• Boil one handful of cat’s whiskers leaves that have previously been cleaned.
• Add one segment of red ginger that has been thinly sliced, then also add a little bit of cat’s whiskers flower to then give it a little sweet taste.
• Strain the water and drain it until it’s cold and drink boiled water from cat’s whiskers leaves as a gout remedy one to three times a week.

10. Black Honey

Same with dandelions, black honey can also be used to maintain kidney health and various other important body organs. By consuming black honey regularly, high uric acid will be treated and the health of other organs is maintained.

11. Bananas

The high potassium or potassium content contained in bananas can melt uric acid crystals that settle under the skin in the joints. This fluid will later be excreted by the body through urine. Not only that, it turns out that the content of vitamin C in bananas will help reduce pain and inflammation when gout begins to attack. You are also free to consume bananas every day as a source of nutrients that will help reduce the symptoms and pain caused by gout.

12. Turmeric

If you like to drink herbal medicine or like to dig into herbs, you surely know that turmeric is a spice with many benefits and is rich in nutrients. The content of curcumin in turmeric can help overcome the pain that is felt when exposed to gout. This is because this content is an excellent anti-inflammatory.

In addition, because the color is quite intense when applied or compressed to the skin, you can consume warm turmeric (boiled water) directly to relieve inflammation and reduce pain due to unbearable uric acid.

13. Apple Vinegar

Apple cider vinegar, also known as apple cider vinegar, can be used as a natural remedy for gout and rheumatism. This in itself is because the acidity level of this herbal ingredient can reduce pain caused by inflammation and swelling caused by gout.

For the consumption dose, you can mix one teaspoon of apple cider vinegar and a glass of warm water, then consume it every day. You can also add honey as a taste enhancer and has a good anti-inflammatory function

Gout is indeed a disease that sometimes interferes with our activities, especially for those who have entered their 40s. Therefore, it should be for gout sufferers to always maintain their own health. If you have gout, then you can use some of the herbal remedies mentioned above.

Related Books

Get to know Uric Acid

Not only does it cause pain and swelling in one part throughout the body, uncontrolled uric acid can affect other organs, can damage blood vessel walls and then trigger heart attacks and strokes. Conversely, other diseases can also trigger high uric acid, such as kidney failure, diabetes, obesity, or cancer.

Efforts to beat high uric acid must be done thoroughly: through adjusting diet and lifestyle, losing excess weight, and fighting diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol. The truth about this disease must be understood so that we can be victorious in fighting this disease, being free from pain, and enjoying a healthy life.

My Food Coach: Reducing Uric Acid Disease

Gout doesn’t get much attention, even from sufferers, even though if it’s not handled properly, this disease can lead to more severe diseases. Even worse, most sufferers depend on drugs to relieve symptoms of increased uric acid levels, this is mainly due to the assumption that gout sufferers “can’t eat anything”. This assumption arises due to incomplete information about the disease itself and about foods that can trigger an increase in uric acid levels.

This book reviews gout in detail, starting from its history, to what can be done to prevent uric acid from increasing without taking medication. This book is equipped with a list of uric acid content in various types of food as well as a daily diet guide that is delicious but contains low uric acid levels making it suitable for sufferers who want to get rid of dependence on drugs, as well as for non-sufferers who like to enjoy delicious food without worry about the bad effects of wrong diet.

Uric Acid Daily Foods

Healthy people are people who always take care of themselves with the right lifestyle and consumption patterns. Each body has its own needs that must be met. Also, every body has different weaknesses so they must be met in the right way. The pattern of consumption for gout sufferers, because they are very susceptible to food ingredients that contain purines, must be careful in consuming them. The calculations must be clear; what is the amount of food that will be consumed. A food taboo for gout sufferers is not a “fixed price”, but still negotiable.

Based on that also this book is compiled; a way to enjoy daily food without fear of gout attacks. This book presents 30 healthy foods for uric acid sufferers and their recipes. With reference to self-cooked food recipes, it can be consumed by gout sufferers.

The Right Way to Overcome Uric Acid

This short book on Effective Ways to Overcome Gout is important to read. This book provides a light and comprehensive review of everything that ordinary people need to know about gout, from the definition, symptoms, prevention, to medical treatment so that one can live peacefully and happily, even when exposed to gout.

Thus the discussion about gout herbal medicine . Hopefully all of the discussion that has been explained above can be useful for you, Sinaumed’s. If you want to find out books about healthy foods, then you can get them at sinaumedia.com .

To support Sinaumed’s in adding insight, sinaumedia always provides quality and original books so that Sinaumed’s has #MoreWithReading information.

Also read:

Examples of Socio-Cultural Threats – Intentionally or not, humans build civilization. Each civilization has its own culture. Even in each region has cultural characteristics that are different from the culture of other regions.

The culture in each era will also be different from the culture in other times. For example, the culture of the Indonesian people in the 40s will be different from the Indonesian people in 2022. Those who lived in the 40s mobilized by bicycle, buggy and other traditional means of transportation.

Meanwhile, the Indonesian people in 2022 will mobilize using motorcycles, planes, cars, buses and other modern means of transportation. Culture will continue to develop according to the region, era, and patterns of interaction or social conditions of the people.

Socio-cultural conditions are also the same, will continue to develop according to the times. Before getting to know more about socio-culture, Sinaumed’s needs to know about social and culture in advance.

Culture itself in the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), culture is a mind; common sense; customs; something about a developing (civilized, advanced) culture; something that has become a habit and is difficult to change. Meanwhile, social in KBBI is interpreted as relating to society; likes to pay attention to the public interest (like to help, donate, and so on).

The socio-cultural situation of a country is not always in a stable state. Cultures mix and influence other cultures or even change. The following will explain about socio-culture and its threats in a country.

Understanding the Concept of Culture

Culture does not form by itself. If examined more deeply, culture consists of 7 elements. Here are 7 elements of culture that have been summarized from the Merdeka.com page.

1. Language System

Language is a medium for humans to fulfill their social needs in the form of interaction or relationships with others. Humans are able to build, maintain, and pass on culture using language.

Language is able to help artists to provide an understanding of social phenomena that are expressed symbolically. Not only that, language is also used by allied people to communicate with each other.

2. Knowledge System

Knowledge systems are culturally universal with regard to systems of living equipment and technology. Because, knowledge systems are abstract and embodied in human ideas. The knowledge system includes various elements in life so that the boundaries are very far or wide.

For example, people usually have some traditional astronomical knowledge. In the form of calculating the day based on the moon or celestial bodies which are considered to provide signs for human life.

Every culture always has a series or set of knowledge about nature, animals, objects, humans, and plants. Every ethnic group in the world has knowledge about the natural environment, the plants that grow around it, and the animals that live in the area where they live.

Not only that, they also have knowledge about substances, raw materials, and objects in their environment, the human body, human characteristics and behavior, as well as space and time.

3. Social Organization System

Social organization is one of the constituent elements of culture. Cultural elements in the form of kinship systems and social organizations are one of the efforts to understand how humans form society through various social groups.

Kinship is also related to the notion of marriage in a society. This is because marriage is the core or basis for forming a community or social organization.

4. Life Equipment Systems and Technology

Living equipment and technology become one of the 7 elements of culture. Humans will always try to defend their lives so they always make tools or objects that make it easier and maintain their lives.

Initially, objects used as living equipment had simple shapes and technology. So that discussion of cultural elements included in living equipment and technology becomes a discussion of physical culture.

In traditional societies there are 8 kinds of physical culture equipment systems used for moving around or farming. The eight systems include productive work tools, weapons, containers, tools for starting a fire, food, drink, aphrodisiacs and herbs, clothing and jewelry, shelter and housing, and means of transportation.

5. Economic System / Livelihoods

Livelihoods or the economy is one of the 7 elements of culture. Traditional community livelihoods are usually hunting and gathering, raising livestock, cultivating crops in the fields, catching fish, and sedentary farming with irrigation systems.

This livelihood was carried out by the community in the past. Now, people prefer other jobs. Gathering livelihoods have long been abandoned due to limited natural resources along with the increasing population.

6. Religious System

The religious or religious system is one of the elements of culture. Human life cannot be separated from religious emotions. Religious emotion itself is a feeling in humans that encourages them to take religious actions.

This emotion also creates the conception of objects that are considered sacred and profane in human life. In a religious system there are three elements that must be understood including the belief system, the system of religious ceremonies, and the people who adhere to that religion.

Evolutionarily, human religion also develops from simple to complex forms. For example, belief in worship of a supernatural power outside of human beings.

Such as wind, mountains, forests, trees, sea, and so on. This belief continues to develop into a higher level, namely the belief in only one god ( monotheism ) and the birth of the concept of revealed religion (Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and so on).

7. Art

Art is an element of culture. This stems from the concern of anthropologists regarding the artistic activities of a traditional society. In this research, descriptions of objects or artifacts containing elements of art were collected, such as statues, ornaments, and carvings.

Based on its type, the art of music consists of vocal and instrumental art. Meanwhile, literary art consists of prose and poetry. Meanwhile, fine art consists of sculpture, make-up, painting, relief, and carving.

Not only that, there is the art of movement and dance, namely art that can be captured by the senses of sight or hearing. Meanwhile, traditional arts consist of lenong, ludruk, ketoprak, dance, wayang, and so on. Meanwhile, modern art, for example films, songs, and choreography.

Art can be analyzed using visual culture studies, namely cultural analysis that specifically examines photographs and films. Both of these media seek to display human life and culture from a visual perspective in the form of documentaries or photographs regarding the cultural activities of a society.

Social Concept

Social in KBBI is interpreted as relating to society; likes to pay attention to the public interest (like to help, donate, and so on). Social interaction is usually carried out between individuals, individuals with groups, or groups with groups.

Through social interaction that occurs continuously, a social structure will be formed to channel feelings and ideas. The interactions that occur are also limited by social and cultural norms.

Launching from the Bobo.grid.id page, social is formed from various elements as follows.

1. Social Groups

A social group is a collection of people who interact because they realize that they are part of a community group.

2. Culture

Culture exists because humans embody ideas or ideas that are in the mind. In social life, a culture will certainly be created which becomes the identity of the group.

3. Social Institutions

Social institutions become a place to regulate relationships between individuals in society so that they are orderly and as expected. Social institutions have standards that are used to achieve goals and make rules that have been agreed upon.

4. Social Stratification

Social stratification is the grouping of each member of society. This is usually done by a group with the aim that their lives are orderly and appropriate.

5. Power and Authority

This social element has the right to regulate and control an individual in a society. This right can also be exercised directly or indirectly to achieve the agreed objectives.

Examples of Socio-Cultural Threats

Socio-cultural conditions do not always work well and are stable. Summarizing from various pages on the internet, here are some examples of socio-cultural threats that can be experienced by Indonesian people.

• The emergence of a consumptive lifestyle and always consuming goods from abroad.
• The emergence of the nature of hedonism, namely personal enjoyment is considered as the highest value of life.
• There is an attitude of individualism, namely the attitude of always being selfish and seeing other people as non-existent and meaningless.
• The emergence of symptoms of westernization, namely a lifestyle that is always oriented towards western culture without being selected first.
• The spirit of gotong royong, solidarity, care and social solidarity is fading.
• The fading of religious values ​​in social life.
• A consumptive lifestyle is the behavior of buying many things you want, even though you don’t actually need them, but only to satisfy your desire for recognition from those around you.
• The fading of religious values ​​allows various immoral acts to occur.
• Entry of foreign ideas that are not in accordance with socio-cultural norms in a country.
• Normalization of actions contrary to socio-cultural norms.
• Discrimination on ethnicity, religion, race or class.
• Intolerance culture.
• Declining interest in using products from within the country

Strategies to Prevent Socio-Cultural Fading

To minimize and even prevent the fading of the social culture of the Indonesian nation. Communities and governments can implement several strategies mentioned on the Museumnusantara.com page as follows.

• Strengthen the love of the nation’s wealth and culture.
• Educate yourself to have a high tolerance.
• Building a spirit of corps/brotherhood between tribes, religions, races or groups.
• Use social media sparingly.
• Increasing love for domestic products.
• Strengthening the country’s indigenous social and cultural norms education.

Also read related Examples of Socio-Cultural Threats:

Definition and Examples of Social Problems in Indonesia – In a country or society, it certainly doesn’t always run smoothly. There must be something that is not expected to happen by society. There are situations that are detrimental to many people and are not wanted to happen.

This situation greatly impacted many communities. It will disrupt the balance of people’s lives. So that the functions of life will also be disrupted. This situation is a social problem.

As a society in a country, we must have felt that the country is not always fine. There are several annoying issues that need to be addressed. These problems are included in the category of social problems.

This article will discuss the meaning and examples of social problems that occur in society.

Definition of Social Problems

The following is the definition of social problems according to some sociologists:

1. Soerjono Soekanto

According to Soerjono Soekanto, social problems are problems that arise in society. Social problems are closely related to social values ​​that exist in society. In addition, social problems are also closely related to social institutions. Social problems that occur in society are social.

In addition, Soerjono Soekanto also mentioned other opinions regarding social issues. According to him, a social problem is something that is incompatible between the elements of society or a culture. Social problems will endanger a social group.

2. Vincent Parillo

Vincent gave his opinion listed in Soetomo (2013). According to Vincent Parillo, social problems are problems that can occur and persist at a certain time. Certain situations in society cannot be said to be social problems. This situation occurs only in a short time.

3. Soetomo

Another sociologist, Soetomo, explained that a social problem is a situation that occurs in society. This situation is a situation that is not wanted by most, or the majority of society.

4. Weinberg and Rubington

According to Weinberg and Rubington, social problems are conditions in a society that are inconsistent with values. When there is a situation that is not in accordance with the values ​​embodied and embraced by society, then the condition is called a social problem. There needs to be an agreement from the community for an activity, which is used to change these inappropriate conditions.

5. Lesli

Social problem according to Lesli is a condition or situation that influences. These social problems will affect the lives of most of a society. Social problems are situations that are not liked, even unwanted. Therefore, social problems need to be addressed and corrected.

6. Pincus and Minahan

Pincus and Minahan argue that social problems are social conditions or situations that are evaluated by most people. Social problems are something that according to society has an uncomfortable situation. In addition, social problems are problematic situations.

7. Raab And Selznick

Raab and Selznick expressed their opinion in Soetomo. According to Raab and Selznick, social problems are problems that occur in a relationship between people. Furthermore, Raab and Selznick said that all problems that occur in a society are social problems.

8. Zastrow

Social problem according to Zastrow is a situation in society. The situation will affect a large part of society. According to him, social problems must be fixed. The way to fix this is to use an action.

9. Coleman, JW and Cressey, DR

Mention that social problems are a phenomenon or symptoms. These symptoms or phenomena have very broad dimensions and aspects of study. In addition, social problems are also very complex. Furthermore, Coleman, JW and Cressey, DR argue that social problems can be viewed from many perspectives either theoretically or just from a point of view.

10. Gillins and Gillins

According to Gillin and Gillin, a social problem is an inappropriate condition. It is said to be inappropriate because the situation is not in accordance with the elements in society. This will endanger the life of a group of people. In addition, social problems will also hinder the community in fulfilling the wishes of the community. Such a situation will cause social inequality in a society.

Something else will happen when fields like Education, religion, economics and politics collide. That will cause social relations to be disrupted, so that the unsteadiness in the life of a society will also be disrupted.

The definition of social problems according to a sociological perspective is also not much different. A social problem is a situation that is not in accordance with the values ​​adopted in society. Situations like that need a solution to the problem and must be overcome. In the view of social workers, social problems are the disruption of social functioning.

That will affect the community in meeting their needs. And will affect the roles of a society. Social problems are situations that are seen by society as something that is not expected to happen.

Examples of Social Problems in Indonesia

1. Social inequality

Social inequality is a social problem that will have many negative impacts. Social inequality is a condition where there is no balance between people. Social inequality is often associated with very clear differences between people.

In this case, the social disparities that occur most frequently are in the economic field. “The poor get poorer, the rich get richer.” The expression is very appropriate, to explain how the condition of social inequality in the economic field in society.

There are many factors that cause social inequality. These factors include government policies, the influence of globalization, differences in natural resources in these areas, geographical location and conditions, and demographic factors.

In reducing this social gap, welfare science can be applied in an effort to improve people’s welfare. The book entitled Social Welfare by Isbandi Rukminto Adi discusses various issues of social inequality that are currently developing.

2. Poverty 

Poverty is a social problem that has existed for a long time in Indonesia. It’s not something that can be covered up, that the poverty rate is still high in Indonesia. Even from year to year, poverty always occurs.

From a loss point of view. There are so many who lose out from this social problem of poverty. In the case of people who fall into the category of poverty, it will be difficult for them to meet their needs. From the state’s point of view, this poverty can be called a burden in Indonesia.

Indeed, there is no action that can directly eradicate poverty in Indonesia. Moreover, the social problem of poverty is ingrained. Someone who falls into the poor category can be due to two factors. Internal factors, because people who fall into this poor category do not try. He is not trying to change his life and get out of the poverty cycle.

The second factor is the external factor, poverty caused by internal factors get used to it because of problems. Examples include climate change, changes in social structure, policies from government programs, natural damage and can occur due to other things.

In dealing with this poverty problem, the government is trying to carry out social development and community organizing which is described in the book Dealing with Poverty by Bambang Rustanto, Dr., M.Hum which has a high level of effectiveness in dealing with poverty problems.

4. Unemployment

Unemployment is also a very big social problem in Indonesia. Unemployment occurs due to various factors. One of them is due to competition from human resources. This competition occurs in terms of finding jobs. Usually people who do not have sufficient education will lose to people who have higher education. Many job seekers make education the main requirement in opening job vacancies.

This is what causes unemployment to become a social problem. Similar to poverty, unemployment always increases from year to year. Another factor that causes unemployment is because people are not productive.

If allowed to continue, unemployment will cause new problems. There must be a solution for unemployment. One of the right solutions in dealing with unemployment is to create job training. Job training so that unemployed people are not inferior in terms of skills to other productive people. Another thing that can be done is to open a lot of job vacancies. However, the available vacancies do not only rely on high education and a lot of experience. Then it will not solve this unemployment problem.

The problem of unemployment is generally often faced by developing countries. In Indonesia, one of them is in Southeast Sulawesi Province, this problem is getting bigger as shown in the book Database of Higher Education Unemployment in Southeast Sulawesi by Achmad Selamet Aku, S.Pt., M.Sc. Dr. La Ode Suriadi, SE, M.Sc. Dr. hj. Sitti Whirdhana A. Bakareng, S.Si., M.Si. Dr. Muh. Amrullah Pagala, S.Pt., M.Sc. Deki Zulkarnain, S.Pt., M.Si. Ir. Natsir Sandiah, MP

5. Crime

Crime is a social problem that arises because of problems that have not been resolved before. An example is the problem of unemployment. If unemployment continues, but there is no solution, it will create many criminal acts. People who are involved in criminal acts usually do not have a place to help them meet their daily needs.

Of course crime harms all parties. No party is harmed by crime, even the perpetrators. Crime will also create new problems. The perpetrators of crimes will be dealt with by the law. In studying crime, there is criminology that can benefit the community where the criminology is developed. To understand more deeply, you can use the book entitled CRIMINOLOGY by Muhammad Mustofa as a reference.

6. Infectious disease

Another example of a social problem is a contagious disease. Contagious diseases will greatly impact various sectors. An example is the Covid-19 disease which is caused by the corona virus. This deadly infectious disease affects all fields in Indonesia.

The economic sector is also affected due to this infectious disease. The economy is paralyzed, because many economic actors are infected with the infectious disease virus. As with the education sector, education is not running smoothly as usual due to this contagious disease.

Many problems that occur as a result of this social problem. Many parties are harmed. The government and society must work together in overcoming this social problem.

7. Juvenile delinquency

Brawl between teenagers is a form of juvenile delinquency. From this event, it can be seen that juvenile delinquency is an example of a social problem. This event is a violation of existing norms and should be embraced by teenagers.

The most influential impact of juvenile delinquency is on the adolescents themselves. Juvenile delinquency will make the mentality of the teenager damaged. If many teenagers are mentally damaged, this is a serious threat to Indonesia for generations to come.

The way that can be done to overcome juvenile delinquency is to always supervise it. Many parties must be involved in this effort. Such as the school, government, the general public, and those who are very influential are the family or parents.

To make change, it must occur from outside and within the youth themselves. However, by doing encouragement then delinquency that occurs among teenagers can be resolved immediately.

8. A cult

Deviant sects are not always visible directly in society. Heretical sects have also occurred since ancient times. However, this is one example of social problems that exist in Indonesia.

A cult is a doctrine or belief, which contradicts or is not in line with what it should be. Sometimes there are cults that advocate going against religion or the government. This will be annoying and detrimental to some parties.

9. Sara conflict

This social problem does not always appear in Indonesia. However, this problem can appear from time to time. This problem also includes a serious social problem. In addition, it also needs fast action to overcome it.

As a result of this social problem, there can be a split. In addition to divisions, the result of this sara conflict is the disruption of existing developments. Because it will trigger a relationship between the 2 groups involved.

This sara conflict is of various kinds. There are those who question the country, race, religion, skin color, ethnicity, and so on. One of the factors that causes racial conflicts like this is because they cannot accept the differences that occur in society.

10. Environment

Social problems that fall into the environmental category, for example, are environmental pollution. Another example is flooding. Even though it is included in the category of natural disasters, one of the factors that causes flooding is also related to humans.

Floods caused by humans can occur due to the frequent dumping of garbage into the river. In addition, there is a lack of water catchment areas to accommodate large volumes of water.

This problem greatly affects the survival of the community. Although sometimes it is human behavior that causes flooding to occur. However, the presence of the flood is a situation that humans do not want.

11. Sexual harassment

cases of sexual harassment are cases that are increasing from year to year. This case is a very serious social problem in Indonesia. There have been many cases that have been exposed and entered into legal channels for sexual harassment. However, sexual harassment out there is still very much. Many victims do not have the courage to report sexual harassment.

Sexual harassment doesn’t always happen in person. Today, on social media there is also a lot of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is often experienced by women and children. This is definitely very disturbing to society.

12. Corruption

There is always a social problem in Indonesia, corruption. Corruption is a social problem that must be taken seriously. This corruption problem seems endless in Indonesia. Every year, Indonesian people always have to face their own government that commits corruption.

One way to help eradicate corruption is to reaffirm laws regarding acts of corruption. When viewed from previous cases, the punishments meted out to these thieves of public money were often unfair.

13. Legal gaps

“The law is blunt up and sharp down”. Legal disparity is a social problem that is clearly visible in Indonesia. The law that should be fair to the community does not actually defend the common people. This is a never-ending problem in Indonesia.

The only thing that can overcome this is the government itself. If the government always sided with the upper classes, this problem would never be solved.

Here is some information about social problems and examples of social problems in Indonesia. Find other interesting things about social issues at www.sinaumedia.com. sinaumedia as #FriendsWithoutLimits will always help Sinaumed’s find the books he is looking for.

Also read the article “Social Examples”  :

• Definition of Social Change
• Definition of Social Institutions
• Definition of Social Structure
• List of Ethnic Nations in Indonesia
• Definition of Social Differentiation

Source: various sources

Author: Wida Kurniasih

Example Myth is an oral tradition that has been formed in society. Myth has its origins from the Greek language which means something that is revealed. Based on its understanding, myth is defined as a story that has a symbolic nature and tells a series of real and imaginary stories.

In a myth it can consist of gods, the supernatural, the origin of the universe, human heroes, or certain societies that have the goal of continuing and stabilizing culture, providing life guidelines, cultural activities, giving meaning to life, and models of knowledge to provide explanations of things. -things that are difficult to explain using common sense.

A. Definition of Myth Based on Experts

The term myth has quite a lot of meanings. Starting from general understanding, to understanding based on experts. Here are some definitions based on experts, including:

1. Definition of Myth According to Cremers

The term myth is a sacred story that has a symbolic form, and tells a relationship of real and imaginary events related to the origins and changes in the universe, the world, gods, power over a human nature, society and also heroes.

2. Definition of Myth According to Levi Strauss

According to Levi Strauss, the term myth is an inheritance that has a form like a certain story from an oral tradition, and tells about gods, animals, humans, and so on. Based on a logical scheme contained in a myth, it also allows you to integrate all the problems that need to be solved in a systematic construction.

3. Definition of Myth According to William A. Haviland

According to the understanding of these three experts, namely William A. Haviland said that the term myth is a story about a semihistorical event that describes the final problems in human life.

4. Definition of Myth According to Bascom

The term myth, according to Bascom, is a folk prose story played by a god or demigod that happened in another world or heaven in the past, and is considered an event that actually happened by story masters or adherents and has something to do with the occurrence of myths. universe, places, customs, gods and sacred tales.

5. Definition of Myth According to Ahimsa Putra

Ahimsa Putra, defines myth as a strange story, and it is often difficult to understand its meaning or accept its truth. This is caused by a story that does not make sense in the mind, and is also not in accordance with something that is encountered in everyday life.

B. Characteristics of Myth

Myth has a characteristic that distinguishes it from the others. So what are the characteristics of myths? The following are some of the characteristics of myths, including:

a. Myth has a background, namely the past.

b. Myth has been believed by society as something that really happened.

c. Even though myths seem strange to some people, myths have quite an important role in society.

d. Myths are simple stories consisting of several plots, and also easy models.

e. Myth has a way of telling accompanied by certain ceremonies.

f. Myth is considered by society as a story which contains something sacred or holy.

g. Myth has characters related to important beings in the sense of culture and society.

h. A symbol in the general public because of its resilience associated with strength, trust, and community acceptance.

C. The Function of Myth

Not only having characteristics, myth also has quite a lot of functions. Here are some of the functions of myths in everyday life, including:

a. Useful as the development of symbols that have full meaning, and describe an environmental phenomenon that is being faced.

b. It is useful as a guide for supporting communities to foster social solidarity between members so that they can distinguish one community from another.

c. Useful as a very effective means of education, especially in terms of planting, and social norms, as well as certain beliefs.

d. In general, myths are developed for the inculcation and confirmation of cultural values, thoughts and certain insights that have a function to stimulate the development of thinking and creativity.

D. Types of Myth

Myth has quite a lot of types, and has differences in each type. Here are some types of myths, including:

1. The Myth of Creation

The first type of myth is called the creation myth, this type of myth is a type of myth that describes the creation of the universe that did not exist before.

2. The Cosmogenic Myth

The second type of myth is called the cosmogenic myth, this type of myth is a type of myth that describes the creation of the universe, but in that creation uses several existing means and intermediaries.

3. Myths of Origin

The third type of myth is called the origin myth, this type of myth is a type of myth that describes the origin and beginnings of an animal, plant species, and so on.

4. Theogynical Myth

The fourth type of myth is called Theogynik, this type of myth is a type of myth that describes supernatural beings, as well as gods.

5. Anthropogenic myths

The fifth type of myth is called Anthropogenic myth, this type of myth is one type of myth that has a relationship with the occurrence of humans. Myths related to transformation, namely describing changes in the human condition, and the world in the future.

E. Examples of Myths

After you know and understand myths, it would be nice for you to also understand examples of myths that exist in this society. Here are some examples of myths, including:

1. The Myth of Sweaty Hands is a Symptom of Heart Disease

The first example of this myth is that sweaty hands are a symptom of heart disease, this myth has been believed by all people. However, the fact is that heart disease is a feeling of tightness in the chest that feels pressed. That feeling arises when you do a lot of activities, for example going up and down stairs, that’s where your breath causes shortness of breath. Meanwhile, your hands sweat due to the condition of a nerve that has become too sensitive or hypersensitive.

In addition, someone whose hands sweat more easily palpitations. Generally, hands sweat when someone is nervous. There is also another disease, called hyperthyroidism. This disease causes hands to sweat and tremble, easily feels nervous, and the body becomes thin. This happens because the human body’s metabolism race is quite high against infection, cancer or tumors. Sufferers need medical examinations to the doctor, and regular check-ups since the age of 30 years.

2. The Myth of Scraping Can Cure Colds

An example of this second myth is that scraping can cure colds, this myth has been believed by most people. Scrapings lead to someone’s addiction. However, scraping is also quite dangerous because it can open the pores and cause injury to the skin. The skin pores that have been opened and damaged will become easier to catch a cold again.

Overseas medicine does not recognize the term cold, but cold. When it’s cold, a person’s immune system decreases, and various infections can potentially occur.

Scraping actually makes it easier for a person to feel such a condition. If you experience a cold you can massage it, in order to reduce the feeling of colds. In the eastern world, massage is believed to be able to expedite regional circulation, including for babies. So doctors prefer to do massage when experiencing these problems.

3. The myth that thick blankets can reduce fever

An example of this third myth is that a thick blanket can reduce fever, this myth has been growing until now. In ancient times, people covered their bodies to sweat, and the temperature when they had a fever dropped. However, a recent study says that someone who has a fever is not good for using thick blankets. This is because poisons or infections on a person’s skin will be difficult to get out of the body.

Using this thick blanket, it is feared that it can have an impact on the organs of the body becoming inflamed. So when you have a fever, it is not permissible to cover the body. You can overcome it by taking medicine according to the doctor’s recommendations, then resting in a bed that has a moderate temperature or is not too hot or cold.

4. The Myth of Hands and Feet Often Tingling Is a Symptom of a Stroke

An example of this fourth myth, namely that hands and feet often tingle is a symptom of a stroke, this myth has been believed by all people. However, the fact is that the condition of pins and needles that is continuous, and lasts a long time is not always a symptom of a stroke, it can also be caused by a disturbance in the peripheral nerves. One of the symptoms of a stroke is paralysis in half of the body and the inability to speak clearly or what is commonly called pelo.

5. Myths of bruises on body parts due to being licked by Satan

An example of this fifth myth is bruising on a part of the body due to being licked by a demon, this myth has been believed, and has existed in society to this day. However, in reality bruises generally occur due to broken blood vessels. In fact, it could be the occurrence of a bleeding disorder or blood clots. So it’s best to check immediately, and check with your doctor about blood clots, and also blood vessels.

6. The Myth of Riding a Motorcycle at Night Causes Wet Lungs

An example of the next myth is that riding a motorbike at night can cause wet lungs. However, based on the medical dictionary there is no term wet lung. This situation can occur due to inflammation in bronchitis, but has not yet attacked the alveoli. This can usually occur due to continuous coughing and colds, and is not treated, or it can be caused by smoking habits.

In fact, wet lungs do not occur due to riding a motorbike at night, or it could be that riding a motorbike can make the body cold, and reduce endurance, especially when not wearing a jacket.

7. Myth When the Moon Comes It Is Not Allowed to Eat Cucumbers

An example of the next myth is that when the moon comes it is not permissible to eat cucumbers, this myth has been believed by some people. But in reality, none of that has anything to do between eating cucumbers and the coming of the moon. Precisely a woman who is experiencing menstruation is strongly advised to eat foods that contain iron. One of them is the cucumber.

8. The myth that if you want children you have to eat a lot of meat when you are pregnant, but if you want a girl to eat lots of vegetables

An example of this next myth is that if you want a child you have to eat a lot of meat when you are pregnant, but if you want a girl to eat a lot of vegetables, this myth is believed by all societies, and still exists today. However, in reality no one knows, and is certain about the sex of a child, except for IVF programs. Because, in IVF programs, sex selection for a child can be done.

In fact, there is a study which says that if you want a boy, the intimate organs of a woman must be wet or alkaline. So that the sperm with Y or XY chromosome like it, and can produce a son. That state is obtained by you eating meat. However, this has not been proven to be effective.

9. The myth of biting a towel can strengthen teeth

The next example of this myth is that biting a towel can strengthen teeth, this myth has developed in ancient times until now. But in reality strengthening your teeth is not done by biting the towel, but you can strengthen your teeth by brushing your teeth regularly. That way your teeth can be strong, and healthy.

10. Myth Napping Can Result in Fat

The next example of this myth is that napping can cause a person to become fat, a myth that has existed for a long time, still exists today. However, the fact is that a person can become fat due to a lack of activity or activity, and often overeating. So if it is concluded that napping cannot lead to fat.

11. The myth of drinking ice water can make someone fat

An example of the next myth is that drinking ice water can make a person fat, this myth has been believed by the public from the past until now. However, the reality is that drinking cold water makes your body burn more calories than drinking plain water. However, drinking cold water excessively can increase appetite so that it can be at risk of obesity.

12. The myth of not leaving rice or throwing away rice

An example of this next myth is that one cannot leave rice or throw away rice, this one myth has been believed, and is trusted by all people. Because if you throw away the rice, it can make the rice cry. This myth is also generally addressed to a small child who is very difficult if told to eat. Of course, with this reason it can be used as material to scare children that if you don’t finish eating rice, the rice will cry. In general, these small children will feel afraid if the rice will cry because they don’t want to eat it. This prohibition is also quite good as media material in educating a child so that a child can appreciate his food.

13. The Myth of Eating Guava Seeds Can Cause Appendicitis

An example of this last myth is that eating guava seeds can cause appendicitis. But this has not found any research that says that eating guava seeds can cause appendicitis. So you need to stay alert, and maintain your health.

Well, that’s a complete explanation of the myth and its examples. Hopefully the discussion above can provide sufficient insight knowledge for the reader.

• Myths and Legends of Prambanan Temple
• Definition of Methodology
• The Rainbow Process

Balinese folk songs – Traditional songs are a very valuable heritage from the ancestors of the Indonesian nation. It is our responsibility as the next generation to preserve regional cultural products, including traditional songs.

Regional songs as a whole in the Indonesian region total approximately 439 with lyrics using the language of their respective regions. However, even though they use different regional languages, it cannot be denied that a regional song can become very popular throughout Indonesia.

This can happen because folk songs are hereditary and have simple lyrics. That way, folk songs are easy to memorize. Usually, the folk songs reflect nature or the life of the people of that area.

In addition to traditional musical instruments, Balinese regional art also includes sounds in the form of songs, songs, and Balinese folk songs. These arts have a full role in many aspects of life in Balinese society, ranging from daily entertainment, moral values, to art accompaniment and also traditional ceremonies.

Balinese folk songs have many kinds, the strains of traditional Balinese musical instruments also have certain characteristics. That way, it is able to create an archipelago culture that really needs to be preserved. Balinese folk songs are part of a cultural form that contains very high artistic value. The form of the song is also very diverse, ranging from children’s songs, kidung, or geguritan which is commonly known as pupuh.

Moreover, Balinese folk songs also depict the noble values ​​of the Balinese people and social life. Like traditional songs in general, Balinese folk songs will also be sung when Balinese people are carrying out traditional ceremonies or when holding art performances.

Each song must contain moral messages that the songwriter wants to convey, although not a few use ancient Javanese or Balinese, making it difficult for the current generation to understand. To get to know folk songs, you can understand them through their characteristics. The following are the characteristics of regional songs.

Characteristics of Regional Songs

1. Tells about the environmental conditions and culture of the local community which are usually influenced by local customs.
2. Its nature is simple, so that learning folk songs does not require in-depth musical knowledge, such as reading or writing musical notes.
3. Usually, the author of the song is rarely known.
4. Contains a variety of life values, elements of social togetherness, and harmony with the surrounding environment.
5. It is difficult for someone from another area to sing because of a lack of mastery of the local dialect/language so that their appreciation becomes less than optimal.
6. Contains unique and distinctive values ​​of life.

So that you get to know Balinese culture better through the lyrics of Balinese folk songs, we can listen to a list of Balinese folk songs along with the meanings of the songs below.

Balinese Song Lyrics

Meyang-meyong Song

Song Lyrics Meyang-meyong

Meow-meow,
Transfer je bikule,
Bikul is big and big,
Buin jumps around,
Kereng messages make a mess

Meyang-meyong song meaning

The meaning of the song is that the Balinese folk song entitled Meyang-Meyong is related to cats. In the song it is told that there is a cat trying to catch a mouse. This Balinese folk song can also be introduced to children, so that it can broaden their knowledge about Balinese folk songs.

Princess Cening Ayu

Cening Ayu song lyrics

Putri cening ayu ngijeng cening jumah,
Wide meme embarrassing to be tired of shopping,
Do you have rice cake

Putri cening ayu ngijeng cening jumah,
Wide meme embarrassing to be tired of shopping,
Do you have rice cake

The meme of the pole girding nongos ngijeng jumah,
While mangempu invites the dots,
I’m pressed to make me gapgapin

The meme of the pole girding nongos ngijeng jumah,
While mangempu invites the dots,
I’m pressed to make me gapgapin

Putri cening ayu ngijeng cening jumah,
Wide meme embarrassing to be tired of shopping,
Do you have rice cake

Princess Cening Ayu, Cening Jumah,
Princess Cening Ayu, Cening Jumah

Cening Ayu Song Meaning

The meaning of the Balinese folk song entitled Putri Cening Ayu is to tell about a mother and her child. Where the mother asks her child to just wait at home while the mother goes to the market to shop. Another meaning of this song is that as parents, we need to give children freedom so they can find their own identity.

Hurry up

Speed ​​up lyrics

Jani m’lati jammed – hurry up,
Nanging limane tusing dadi matiang,
Sejaba ento mekajang dadi,
Nyenje loses to the gedhing prank

The meaning of the song Hurry up

The Balinese folk song entitled Mecepet-cepetan has a meaning that tells that the Balinese are people who are fast, agile, and responsive in every action they take.

When sung, this Balinese folk song is accompanied by a stomping and vibrant traditional musical instrument. This Balinese folk song can also be an encouraging song in carrying out daily activities by the Balinese people.

Queen Anom

Queen Anom song lyrics

Ratu anom metengi meilen-ilen
Ratu anom meilen-ilen
Dong pirengang munyin sulinge at jaba
Dong pirengang munyin sulinge at jaba

Enyen ento distills in the middle jaba
Enyen ento distills in the middle jaba

Gusti Ngurah Alit Jambe Pemecutan
Gusti Ngurah Alit Jambe Pemecutan

Meaning of Queen Anom Song

The Balinese folk song entitled Ratu Anom means that we humans should always be confident. Moreover, in living this life. This song is generally sung by children with the aim of encouraging various activities so they don’t become lazy people.

Prince

Song Lyrics of the Prince

Jangi Janger, sengsenge sengseng janger,
Sengsenge sengseng janger.
Serere nyo mane nyore
Kelap kelap kelap ngalap bunga

Langsing lanjar pamulune nyandat ivory
Saluat jani jangeran
Seriang nudges rora roti

Arasijak Jangi Janger
Arasijak Jangi Janger
Arasijak Jangi Janger
Arasijak Jangi Janger

Prince Meaning

This Balinese folk song has a meaning that invites its listeners to dance and forget all sadness. The moral value of this song is that we don’t need to be sad and look for entertainment so we can forget about it.

Tresna Mejohan

Mejohan Song Lyrics

As deep as the sky is as deep as white,
Tresnan, you can buy
without buying, life feels lonely,
Yadiastun, distance and time,
Tiang Tsing cares

Mejohan Song Meaning

Tresna Mejohan is a Balinese folk song that tells about someone who is in love. This meaning is in accordance with the lyrics of the song, namely ‘half the sky is seda pasih tresna pole ken beli’, which means as high as the sky, as deep as the ocean of my love for you. Wow, how romantic, huh.

Bali dance

Balinese Dance Song Lyrics

Loud cheers and loud sounds
of various kinds of loud dancing
Through the gate decorated with banners
Riding in a golden horse-drawn carriage

Balinese Dance Song Meaning

Can Sinaumed’s guess what this Balinese folk song is about? This Balinese folk song entitled Balinese Dance tells about the beauty of Balinese dance. As is well known, dance from Bali is one of the most famous traditional dances, even famous abroad, apart from the saman dance.

Aunt Rangda

Rangda song lyrics

Aunt lipsangda apang durus karyan auntie aunt
Mejauman kelod jumah dane jegeg lesenng
Suba finger keto pole ngaba aled munyi
Sesangan kaon jaja sirat keluban durian

Rangda song meaning

Many people associate the area of ​​Bali with the title Bibi Rangda like the Lingsir Wengi song from Java because it has a mystical nuance. In fact, this Balinese folk song is a spiritual song that used to be sung by children during the Mejauman ceremony. The word ‘Aunty’ in the lyrics of this song is a nickname for women or ladies-in-waiting during the royal period. While the word ‘rangda’ is a term for a widowed woman who comes from the Tri Wangsa group.

Dadong Dauh

Dadong Dauh Lyrics

Dadong is ready
to go
white
.

Dadong Dauh Song Meaning

This Balinese folk song is a folk song that is included in the category of children’s songs. This song tells about a grandmother who raises a chicken that has many eggs. Then, came a group of children who wanted to take the eggs.

Cool

Ngusak Asik Song Lyrics

Cai ketut demai riot
Bas kaliwat cai ngawe hurt
Cang sing demen
Ngidih olas ketut pang enggal megedi

The meaning of the song Ngusak Asik

This Balinese folk song tells of a love story between a man and a woman. This Balinese folk song has the right tempo with a joyful tone. Like most Balinese folk songs, this song also uses a lot of syncope and repetition of rhythm patterns.

Scatterer

Scatter song lyrics

Scatter interpreter, scatter interpreter
Mai is walking looking for cool ebe
Be big, big big
Disawani ajake liu
Be big, big and big
Disawani ajake liu

Scatter Song Meaning

This Balinese folk song is one of the regional songs which is very popular among the people of the coastal areas. Where, this song contains meaning about coastal life where most of the people work as fishermen.

Sandy Flower

Sandat Flower Song Lyrics

Yen gumanti bajang tanbinaya shoots of nedeng kembang,
Disubaye withered tan ade ngarungwang ngemasin mekutang,
Becik carries out de gumanti to become a star flower,
Mentik dirurunge makejang bangs raris kaentungang…

To I, the young men and women work on each other,
Toya, holding sauripe’s bones, acts as a becik,
The young men and women work on each other’s love and care,
Meyama belays to kukuhin rahayu kepanggih…

Becik performs de gumanti as a star flower,
Mentik in a maze of majesty smothers raris keentungang…

To I have a relationship with Selayulayulayune sandat,
Toya with sauripe’s bones acts as a becik,
The army officers teach each other how to care for each other,
Meyama is working to kukuhin rahayu kepanggih…

Meaning of the Sandat Flower Song

This Balinese folk song sung by AA Made Cakra is a popular song in Bali. The singer is also a phenomenal singer in Bali. Sandat flower means ylang flower, which is often included in several traditional ceremonies in Bali and is also used as an ornamental plant.

God Ayu

Dewa Ayu song lyrics

Dewa ayu yes, dewa ayu
Margi I Ratu mesolah mesolah mabulu wangsul
Hulu hulu wangsul yes, hulu hulu wangsul
.

Meaning of Dewa Ayu Song

The song Dewa Ayu is also the most famous song in Bali. Maybe because the lyrics of this song are very short and also very easy to sing. The lyrics of the song Dewa Ayu tell about the god of belief of the Balinese people.

Those are various kinds of Balinese folk song lyrics along with explanations of their meanings. Hopefully it can increase your insight and increase knowledge about the rich culture and literature of Indonesia.

Regional Song Book Recommendations

If you want to know more about folk songs, especially Balinese folk songs, you can read books on folk songs. The following are folk song books that you can read, among others.

1. Complete Collection of Regional Songs

Indonesia is very famous for its various cultural diversity. One culture that is very prominent is the regional songs that are owned by each province in Indonesia. These folk songs are not only listened to, but have also become the identity and identity of a region in Indonesia.

This book contains more than 200 folk songs from various provinces in Indonesia. This book is also equipped with number notes, lyrics, and guitar chords. Not to forget, in this book of folk song lyrics there is also information about the folk songs. So, this book is very suitable not only for students, but also for the general public.

2. Complete 127 National and Regional Songs

In addition to the lyrics of regional songs which are very diverse in language, Indonesia also has a national anthem that is able to foster a person’s sense of nationalism to love the country of Indonesia.

This book of national and regional song lyrics contains a complete set of 127 national and regional songs. Through this book, you can not only know folk songs, but also national songs that you don’t know yet.

3. Master Book of Compulsory National & Regional Songs

This Master Book of Compulsory Songs for National and Regional Songs contains a very complete collection of national and regional songs. This book is very suitable for elementary, junior high and junior high school students who are memorizing regional songs and national songs.

4. Best Collection of Compulsory & Regional Songs

This book of the Best Collection of Compulsory & Regional Songs contains the lyrics of well-known obligatory and regional songs, such as Bungong Jeumpa, kicr-kicir, ondel-ondel, bubuy Bulan, and also Jali-jali songs. This book is suitable for elementary, middle and high school students.

5. 101 Compulsory and Regional Songs

This book contains various obligatory national songs as well as regional songs that are spread throughout the archipelago. With a total of 101 songs, this book will introduce children to the variety of cultures in Indonesia, and can foster a sense of love for the motherland and pride in being Indonesian citizens from an early age. This book contains songs such as Indonesia Raya, Bagimu Negeri, Kicir-Kicir, and so on.

6. Complete Collection of Regional & National Compulsory Songs

An expression of love for the motherland is summed up in so many works, one of which is song lyrics. Each region in Indonesia has its own regional songs which, if sung, will create a feeling of affection and longing for the motherland for a nomad. This book contains a complete set of regional songs as well as national obligatory songs.

You can learn not only Balinese folk songs. You can also learn various folk songs from other provinces in Indonesia. You can immediately order these books at sinaumedia.com .

So, those are various collections of Balinese folk songs along with some recommendations for folk song lyric books that you can study to add to your insight about Balinese folk song lyrics. That way you can #MoreWithReading about Balinese folk songs which have lots of messages and meanings implied in them.

Author: Nurul Ismi Humairoh

Also read:

12 Staple Foods in Indonesia – Several countries in Asia make rice their staple food, including Indonesia. In fact, our country, which is often dubbed as an agricultural country, has many types of staple food besides rice, you know… Even the nutritional content contained in these types of staple food is not much better than rice.

Then why is rice a staple food for the majority of Indonesian people? What types of staple foods can be substituted for rice? Let’s look at the following review so that Sinaumed’s can understand it!

Reasons Why Rice Becomes Staple Food in Indonesia

Our Indonesian state is one of the countries in the world that depend on rice as their staple food. Rice seems to be the only main source of carbohydrates for consumption by every society. Even the need for national rice is always included in the budget of the Ministry of Agriculture (Kementan) of the Republic of Indonesia as an effort to prosper the people of Indonesia.

The reason rice is used as a staple food by the majority of Indonesian people is due to the advanced agricultural sector since the independence era. Although in fact the agricultural sector does not only produce rice as rice, but also produces cassava, sweet potatoes, corn, and others. However, people are accustomed to eating rice as a source of carbohydrates.

In addition, there is an opinion that consuming staple foods other than rice, for example cassava, sago flour, sweet potatoes, is for those whose lives are not affluent. Therefore, rice is often used as a symbol of prosperity and economic success in society.

Through the government’s strategy that prioritizes development in the agricultural industrial sector, it turns out that Indonesia can reduce poverty levels. Every year, production from the agricultural industry, especially rice, continues to increase. This of course makes the Indonesian people dependent on rice and make rice their staple food.

Types of Staple Foods Apart from Rice

Indonesia is a country rich in natural resources, including the availability of various food ingredients. Knowledge of the types of staple foods other than rice is of course useful for us as the nation’s next generation.

So, here are the types of staple foods other than rice that can be consumed as a source of carbohydrates and of course contain healthy nutrition.

1. Corn

Sinaumed’s is definitely no stranger to this food! Corn can be found in all parts of Indonesia because it is one of the agricultural products that is widely consumed by some Indonesian people.

There are many ways to process corn so that it can be consumed. Starting from boiled, baked, used as corn rice, it can even be shaved and then added with a mixture of cheese and milk. Several regions in Indonesia still make corn as a staple food.

If Sinaumed’s is curious about processed corn rice, of course Sinaumed’s can make it himself. The trick is to pound dry corn kernels, then soak the results of the collision. Then, it is ground again to form a flour called sekelan. After that, it is steamed and served with additional side dishes such as salted fish, chicken, tempeh and vegetables.

However, if you can’t process it, Sinaumed’s can still enjoy it by buying a pack of corn rice which is usually sold at the nearest traditional market.

In whole corn, there are nutrients that are beneficial to the body. Call it fiber, carbohydrates, protein, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin C, minerals in the form of potassium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and antioxidants.

2. Potatoes

Potatoes are a type of tuber that is often used as a mixture in vegetable soup. Not only as a mixture of vegetables, but potatoes can also be processed in various ways so that they are delicious for consumption. For example, fried, made into cakes, to be used as food for mashed potatoes.

Although it can be a staple food substitute for rice, the amount of carbohydrates produced by potatoes is lower than rice. However, don’t worry, because consuming potatoes can actually provide many benefits for the health of our bodies, you know…

Potatoes contain various nutritional content in the form of carbohydrates, protein, fiber, antioxidants, potassium, and several vitamins. Therefore, potatoes can be beneficial for maintaining bone health, maintaining heart health, treating insomnia, lowering blood pressure, and reducing intestinal inflammation.

Even today, many diet programs make potatoes a food ingredient because they are considered to be able to maintain a more stable body weight.

3. Yellow Pumpkin

Yellow squash is often sold in traditional markets and nearby supermarkets. Indonesian people usually make pumpkin as the main ingredient in making compote and cakes. When in fact, pumpkin can be processed into various types of food , you know… call it steamed cakes, puddings, klepon, to tray cakes.

Yellow pumpkin contains high levels of vitamin A and fiber, so of course it is beneficial for antioxidants, digestion, and eye health. In addition, flour from pumpkin also contains better nutrition than wheat flour and wheat flour.

4. Bananas

Sinaumed’s must have known that in our country, bananas have varieties that spread in all regions. Even though the types and shapes are different, in general, these bananas have the same nutritional content and are beneficial to the body.

To consume bananas, can be eaten just like that. However, it can also be processed first, for example making chips, pudding, bread, baby porridge, compote, biscuits, and banana nuggets.

Bananas contain vitamin A, vitamin C, phosphorus and calcium. Many benefits can be obtained from eating bananas, for example preventing colon cancer, maintaining heart health, preventing stomach ulcers, to lowering cholesterol.

5. Cassava

Cassava is a type of tuber that is widely grown all over the world, including in Indonesia. There are many ways to process cassava so that it tastes good when consumed. For example by frying and steaming so that it can be a type of cassava croquettes, getuk cheese, to tape cassava donuts.

Most Indonesian people often consume cassava as a staple food because it contains nutrients that are beneficial to the health of the body. Cassava has a low glycemic index, making it suitable for consumption by diabetics. In addition, the starch in cassava does not contain gluten, so it is also suitable for consumption by people with autism.

6. Sago

Sago is known as the staple food of the people of Papua, Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara and Sulawesi. This is because sago is rich in carbohydrates alone, so when consuming it it must be accompanied by other side dishes.

Even though it contains only carbohydrates, it does not cause obesity. In fact, consuming sago can prevent us from constipation and colon cancer. Sago has a very low glycemic index, making it suitable for diabetics.

This sago staple food is often processed for papeda food. In the people of Maluku and Papua, papeda food is considered ‘rice’ and is usually consumed with the addition of yellow fish sauce and ganemo vegetables.

7. Gather

Kimpul is a type of tuber that contains nutrients not far from rice. In tuber kimpul there are calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B, and phosphorus which are beneficial for the health of our bodies.

There are many ways that can be done to process kimpul so that it is delicious to eat. For example, by making chips, cakes, pudding, and baby porridge. From the presence of calcium and phosphorus contained in the kimpul, it is considered good for bone formation.

Apart from that, kimpul can also be used as flour for making bread or cakes, you know… Food made from kimpul is great for diabetics and those who are on a diet program.

8. Taro

Taro has a variety of types so that not all of them can be consumed as food, because there are also taro plants that are ornamental plants. Forms of processed taro so that it can be consumed is to be used as taro cakes, taro chips, jenang, fried taro, getung, and flour.

The nutritional content contained in a whole taro is very high, including the presence of carbohydrates and fiber. Therefore, consuming taro can be beneficial for digestion, blood pressure, as a source of energy, to the heart.

9. Gadung

These gadung foodstuffs, when sold, usually have a lower price when compared to rice, potatoes or corn. Therefore, this yam tuber is often used as a cheap alternative to save money on shopping.

Even though it has a high nutritional content, if the processing is wrong it can actually cause poisoning, dizziness, and vomiting. Gadung produces flour which can be used as an addition in making traditional food.

10. Breadfruit

At first glance, breadfruit is similar to jackfruit. Well, the breadfruit plant contains a lot of carbohydrates and was once used as a staple food for Indonesian people.

The nutritional content contained in a whole breadfruit plant is vitamins, protein, and carbohydrates which are said to be higher than other tubers. In addition, the flour produced from this breadfruit plant even has nutritional value equivalent to rice.

Many preparations are derived from this breadfruit, for example fried breadfruit, breadfruit cake , breadfruit cakes, breadfruit nastar, compote, to breadfruit pizza .

11. Sweet Potatoes

Sweet potatoes are often a favorite of Indonesian people when they feel ‘bored’ with rice as a staple food. Even if stored longer, the taste will be sweeter and tastier. In addition, sweet potatoes are also rich in vitamins, antioxidants, minerals that are beneficial to the health of the body.

Therefore, sweet potatoes are suitable for consumption for toddlers and pregnant women. Sweet potatoes can be processed into various types of food, such as eclairs, donuts, cakes, chips, steamed cakes, to ice cream.

12. Gembili

Gembili is usually a favorite food for rural communities because of its easy processing and delicious taste. In addition, gembili is also considered safer than gadung.

A whole gembili contains many nutrients that are beneficial to human health, namely calcium, protein, carbohydrates, and vitamin A. Processed foods made from gembili have many variants, such as crackers, traditional cakes, and noodles.

Well, that’s the staple food in Indonesia besides rice . Most of the staple foods are tubers. Has Sinaumed’s ever consumed any of these tubers?

Source:

Kuswanto, Redi. (2017). Let’s Get to Know Substitute Staple Foods from the Land of the Archipelago . East Jakarta: Language Development and Development Agency.

12 characteristics of female and male puberty – Puberty is a sign when a child is a teenager. During these times, a lot of things happened. This article will discuss the 12 characteristics that occur when a girl and a boy experience puberty.

Signs of Puberty in Women

1. Menstruation

The first characteristics of puberty, for girls, are starting to experience menstruation. Menstruation is a process of blood coming out of a woman’s vagina. This happens because of the monthly cycle experienced by a woman’s body. This cycle is the process of the female reproductive organs. So be prepared in case of pregnancy. These preparations are characterized by thickening of the uterine wall or endometrium. Inside it will contain blood vessels.

Menstruation generally occurs regularly. About once every 4 weeks. Generally, the age of children who experience menstruation is around 12 years. It could also be about 2 to 3 years after the breasts grow. Although the age at which children experience menstruation varies, generally children experience menstruation at the age of 16-18 years.

2. Grow acne

When puberty appears, the activity of the testosterone hormone in the body will increase. This causes the oil glands to produce more sebum. If more sebum is produced than the skin needs, it will trigger acne growth.

3. Breast growth

The next characteristic of female puberty is experiencing breast growth. During puberty, a woman will produce and release the hormone estrogen. As a result of this release, the breasts will grow. Initially, breasts are the same as men’s, will experience growth and development over time.

This happens because the hormone estrogen stimulates the mammary glands in the breast. There are five stages that occur when a woman experiences breast growth. The first stage, which is when the tip of the nipple increases in size or enlarges. The second stage, you will see growth like a small lump. These lumps grow around the breast. This stage will also make the putting bigger. In addition, the black area around the nipples or areola also enlarges.

In the third stage, the chest also begins to grow. It is characterized by the appearance of mammary tissue and glands. In the fourth stage, the areola and nipples will grow. It will make like a mound in the breast area. The final stage, this stage is the formation of mature breasts. Breasts will grow in a round shape. Then only the nipples protrude.

4. Hair growth in the armpit area

The next characteristic of puberty in girls is the growth of hair in the armpit area. It doesn’t just happen to men. Hair growth in the armpit area also occurs in women. Initially only in the form of fine hairs, then over time it will grow.

5. Hair growth in the area of ​​the sexual organs

Apart from the armpit area, hair growth will also occur in the area of ​​the sexual organs. This period will be experienced by girls. Hair that grows in this section will grow in the hip line and vulva.

As time goes by the growth of pubic hair, the vaginal area also enlarges. The vulva, or the part that is outside will be surrounded by two pairs of “lips”. Larger lips will be overgrown with hair. Meanwhile, the smaller inner lips are not covered with hair.

When the hair has grown in the pubic area, a liquid will come out. This will cause the vaginal area to have a stronger odor. In addition, sweat and bacteria can grow quickly too. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain cleanliness in the vaginal area.

6. A thin mustache appears

Mustache growth does not only occur in boys. Mustache growth also occurs. This occurs during female puberty. However, the characteristics of puberty are not experienced by all women. Only some girls grow a thin mustache during puberty.

7. Easy to dry

Another characteristic of girls’ puberty is easy sweating. When entering puberty, sweat glands will also enlarge. Sweat glands, also known as sudoriferous glands, are one of the glands in the human body. These glands are very numerous. Sweat glands are scattered all over the human body. Especially in the area of ​​the palms, soles of the feet and forehead. During puberty, the sweat glands also become more active. So that children will sweat more.

8. Starting to experience vaginal discharge

Leucorrhoea is a condition in which fluid or mucus comes out of the vagina. Leucorrhoea is one of the natural ways that the body does. The purpose of vaginal discharge is to maintain the cleanliness and humidity of the female area. When a woman experiences vaginal discharge, the fluid produced by the cervix and vaginal glands will come out. These fluids will come out with dead cells and bacteria. It will also help the vagina to stay protected from infection.

Leucorrhoea is normal, but there is also vaginal discharge that occurs abnormally. The characteristics of vaginal discharge that occur normally are that the liquid that comes out is colorless or white. In addition, it also does not emit a pungent odor. The next feature is leaving yellowish spots on the underwear. Finally, the texture of the vaginal discharge can change, depending on the menstrual cycle.

9. Height increased

Height will also have an effect when a girl goes through puberty. Usually the height will increase about 5 cm to 7.5 cm every year. If these characteristics occur optimally during puberty, a girl can increase her height by around 23 cm to 28 cm.

10. Weight gain

When going through puberty, girls’ weight will also increase or increase. The weight gain during puberty is due to hormones. There is a change in the hormone GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). This hormone is produced by the brain. This hormone is responsible for maturing the function of the organs of the child’s body during puberty.

Girls who experience puberty will produce more fat. More fat is produced in the abdomen. Then the fat will spread to other body parts. Among them are the thighs, hips, to the breast. This is one of the factors for the growth of girls’ breasts during puberty.

11. Enlarged hips

The characteristics of puberty in other girls are that their hips will enlarge. Enlarged hips during puberty occur because of the influence of hormones. The hormones that influence this are the hormones estrogen and the hormone progesterone. These two hormones are responsible for the changes in the female body during puberty.

The hormones estrogen and progesterone will trigger an increase in fat tissue. In addition, these two hormones will also be responsible for the distribution of fat tissue in the body. It is this fatty tissue that makes the hips enlarge during puberty for a girl.

12. Mood swings

This book contains things that are in the human body. You can find interesting facts about the human body that were not discovered before.

Signs of Puberty in Boys

1. Growth of the penis and testicles

The growth of the penis and testicles in men occurs from several periods, namely from the time of still being in the womb slowly and ends at puberty. When entering puberty, testicular growth will begin to return. Puberty for boys on average occurs at the age of 10-14 years. The male penis and testicles will enter growths such as lengthening and thickening. This occurs most rapidly until the age of 18 years during puberty.

However, puberty for boys has a different time span. Therefore, in general, adolescents should wait a year or two after they stop growing in height, or four to six years after the testicles have enlarged. After that, they can find out their final penis size.

2. The scrotum turns darker

The scrotum in men is a part of the reproductive organs in the male body, which is a skin sac located under the penis. During puberty, the scrotum during puberty will automatically turn dark.

3. Hair growth in the armpit area

Just like girls, hair growth in the armpit area is also experienced by boys during puberty. Usually the hair that grows in the armpit area is thicker than girls.

4. Hair growth in the area of ​​the sexual organs

Hair growth in boys in the area of ​​the sexual organs will appear pale in color. The hair begins to grow at the base of the penis during puberty. Over time, this hair growth will also grow towards the thighs and towards the navel like thin hair. In addition, during puberty in boys, hair will also appear on the face, legs, arms, chest and armpits.

5. Easy to sweat

Sweat glands are present in almost every human body. When boys go through puberty, the sweat glands become enlarged. These sweat glands are numerous. Puberty causes boys’ sweat glands to become more active. This causes boys who are experiencing puberty to sweat more.

6. Have a wet dream

Wet dreams are a very common sign of puberty experienced by boys. Wet dreams are a time when men experience ejaculation or discharge of sperm while sleeping. In this condition, wet dreams are generally dreams of sexual desire that result in ejaculation.

7. There is a sound change 

Another characteristic that boys experience at puberty is a change in voice. Voice changes occur due to an increase in the size of the larynx. The larynx is the organ where the vocal cords are located. This will cause the boy’s voice to become heavier. At this time, it is commonly referred to as the breaking of the boy’s voice. This is normal, because the boy’s body is adapting to the new size of the larynx.

This breaking of sound will occur for quite some time, generally for several months. A boy who experiences a broken voice is generally aged from 12 to 16 years. Then the sound will always develop perfectly. The broken voice in boys will settle down at the age of 17 years.

8. Grow acne

A boy who is experiencing puberty is also marked by the growth of pimples. Acne can grow on the face or body area. The growth of acne occurs due to changes in hormonal conditions that exist in the body. The hormone that plays a role in the growth of acne is the hormone testosterone. This hormone will increase.

In addition there are several conditions that can cause acne to appear. The first is the excessive production of sebum, or a substance produced by the oil glands. Then the blockage of the hair follicles will also cause acne to grow.

The next condition is due to a bacterial infection. Acne can grow if Propionibacterium acnes bacteria are present .. these bacteria can develop. This causes the hair follicles to get clogged, triggering inflammation.

9. Height increased

The height of boys will increase at puberty, the height will increase about 7 cm to 9.5 cm every year. So, a boy going through puberty will increase in height by about 31 cm. Even though girls reach puberty earlier than boys, the average height for boys is still higher.

10. Formed muscles in the body

The characteristic of puberty that occurs in boys is the formation of muscles in the body. This is caused by the hormones estrogen and the hormone progesterone. These two hormones are responsible for taking care of body changes during puberty.

Estrogen and progesterone hormones will trigger fat tissue. In addition, these two hormones will also spread it to the body. This fatty tissue will form the muscles in the boy’s body.

11. Starting to grow facial hair

The next feature in boys who are experiencing puberty is the growth of hair around the facial area. The hair that grows in the face area is a mustache and beard. The growth of mustache and beard during puberty in boys is influenced by the hormone testosterone. The hormone testosterone will increase at this time.

As a result fine hair will grow. One of them mustache and beard. However, there are some boys who do not experience the growth of a mustache and beard. This is not due to hormonal disturbances. However, it is caused by genetic or hereditary factors. Much or little growth of these fine hairs is also influenced by hereditary factors.

12. Growing Adam’s apple

During puberty, boys and girls will generally experience physical changes. These physical changes occur in parts of the body, in this case in men one of which occurs with the growth of the Adam’s apple in the middle of the neck. The size of the Adam’s apple in every boy will be different, this depends on the amount of cartilage or voice box that is bigger than their vocal cords.

Something that makes a difference after growing the Adam’s apple is marked by a deeper and deeper voice. Voice change and the growth of the Adam’s apple is not an instant process that takes place overnight, but can occur gradually with the sound getting louder over time.

This book discusses the things that exist in the human body. You can find out what happens when you eat or drink something.

Also read the related article ” Characteristics of Male and Female Puberty “:

• Biochemistry and Biomolecules
• Nervous System in Humans
• Movement System in Humans
• Excretion System in Humans
• Network in Plants
• Great Circulatory System
• Small Circulatory System
• Cell
• Hormone System
• Evolution Theory
• Genetic Material
• Biotechnology
• Evolution
• Cell Reproduction
• Human Respiratory System

Those are some of the characteristics of puberty experienced by girls and boys. Find other interesting similar things at www.sinaumedia.com. sinaumedia as #FriendsWithoutLimits will always provide recommendations for the best books for Sinaumed’s.

Author: Wida Kurniasih

Source: from various sources

Regions with the Shortest Fasting Duration – Ramadan fasting is one of the routine worships carried out by Muslims around the world. The most important moments in fasting are the time of breaking the fast and also the time of dawn. During the holy month of Ramadan, all Muslims must be able to refrain from hunger, thirst and anything that can break the fast, from sunrise to sunset.

Even though fasting is held simultaneously on the same day and month in almost all over the world. But in reality, each country has a different fasting period. This is due to differences in geography, location, and season. So, on this occasion, we will discuss countries or regions with the shortest fasting duration. Wow, there must be a lot of people who would be happy if the fasting time was shorter.

Based on a study conducted by CupoNation, a result was obtained, where fasting time in various countries around the world has a duration ranging from 11 hours 11 minutes to 21 hours 16 minutes. The country with the longest duration of fasting in the world is Greenland. In addition, the Kiwi Country and New Zealand also set a record as a country that has the shortest fasting time in the world, namely with a duration of 12 hours and 6 minutes in the first period of Ramadan. Then followed by Argentina, Chile, Australia, and also Lesotho. These five countries are included in the countries that have an average fasting duration of 12 hours on the first day of Ramadan.

In addition there are countries that have the shortest fasting duration. There are also countries that have the longest duration of fasting in the world. One country that has the longest time is Greenland. Where the duration of fasting time in the country reaches 17 hours 49 minutes on the first day of Ramadan.

Then followed by Finland, Iceland, Estonia, and Sweden. The five countries are the countries that top the countries with the longest duration of fasting in the world with a span of around 17 hours on the first day of fasting. Even on the last day of Ramadan, Greenland and Iceland can record fasting durations of up to 21 hours. While Finland, Sweden and Estonia at 19 hours. One of the longest duration of fasting time.

In addition, there is a survey on the duration of fasting time conducted on the Asian continent. Where the results of the survey show, the span of fasting time in the Asian continent tends to be slightly shorter than in Europe, Australia and Oceania, which is around 12 hours 56 minutes to 18 hours 26 minutes. Of the countries that are included in the countries that have the most real duration, countries on the Asian Continent are quite a lot on the list. The following are some countries that have the shortest fasting time in the world.

A. Regions with the Shortest Fasting Duration

1. Chile

Chile, which is in the United States, is one of the countries with the shortest fasting duration in the world. Where Muslims in the country will fast starting at 05.31 and break their fast at 15.00. If you do the math, they will only fast for about 9 hours. Even though it is short, Muslims in Chile must fast in areas with dry air and very cold weather. How, are you interested in trying fasting in this country?

2. Argentina

The Muslim population in Argentina is relatively small, which is only around 1.9 percent. Even so, we can still feel the atmosphere of Ramadan in this country like other countries that have a large Muslim population. Residents in Argentina who are Muslim will fast with a relatively short duration of time, which is only 9 hours 37 minutes.

3. Malaysian

Malaysia is one of the neighboring countries that has a relatively short duration of fasting. Not much different from Indonesia, Malaysia will fast for approximately 12 hours. However, the imsak time in Malaysia is longer than the imsak time in Indonesia. Where the imsak in Malaysia is generally carried out at 05.30 and for breaking the fast it is carried out at 19.30.

4. South Africa

African countries also have a relatively short duration of fasting when compared to countries in Asia. The Muslim population in Africa will only fast for 10 hours and 30 minutes. However, of course fasting in this country also experiences many trials. One of them is that the weather there is very hot, so we have to be thirsty.

5. Comoros Islands

The Comoros Islands, which are in the Indian Ocean, are one of the countries with a large number of Muslims. This country is usually known as a country that does not allow alcohol into the country. Muslims living in the Comoros Islands will fast for 12 hours and 31 minutes. Conditions during Ramadan in the Comoros Islands are not much different from Indonesia.

6. Morocco

Who does not know this one country? Morocco is a country that is famous for its beautiful cities and nature. Muslims in this country will fast with a relatively shorter duration of time. Where the Moroccan Muslim population will fast for approximately 14 hours and start fasting from 03.40 in the morning.

7. Saudi Arabia

When viewed as a whole, Muslims who live or live in Saudi Arabia will fast with a duration of 15 hours and 10 minutes. The two cities with the shortest fasting duration are Damman for 15 hours and 18 minutes, and Riyadh, which is for 15 hours and 8 minutes.

8. Antarctica

Ever imagined having to do fasting in Antarctica? You can imagine how it feels to fast in the coldest country in the world. It must be very challenging. So, the continent which is the southernmost has a relatively short duration of fasting time or can be said to be the fastest. Residents who are Muslim in Antarctica will observe fasting for approximately 8 hours and 18 minutes. For the imsak time there, it will only be carried out at 06.30 in the morning. Wow, that’s delicious. They will also break their fast at 15.48. Even though it has a very short duration, fasting in Antarctica will of course be very difficult, because you have to fight the cold temperatures there.

9. Western Australia

One of the continents that is not too far from Indonesia also has a shorter duration of fasting time. Especially for the region of Western Australia, one of which is Perth. There, the duration of fasting time is only around 11 hours 59 minutes. The imsak time itself is also later than Indonesia, which is around 05.42. Meanwhile, the breaking time is almost the same as Indonesia, which is 17.41 in the afternoon.

10. Indonesian

For Muslims who fast in Indonesia, they should also be grateful. This is because the duration of time in Indonesia is also short or short compared to other countries. Muslims in Indonesia will fast for about 12 to 13 hours. In addition, the weather in Indonesia is also relatively stable and friendly, not too hot and not too cold.

11. Mexico

Mexico also has a fasting duration that is not much different from Indonesia. Residents with the Islamic religion there will fast for approximately 13 hours and 20 minutes. Even though Muslims in Mexico are relatively few or in the minority, the atmosphere of fasting or Ramadan there can be felt in several cities and areas where there are Muslim communities.

12. Brazil

Brazil is also included in the list of countries that observe fasting for a relatively short period of time. Where the duration of fasting in Brazil is only around 11 hours. Just like other countries, the Muslim community in Brazil also has its own traditions in welcoming the fasting month.

B. Causes of Fasting Duration in Each Region Are Different

Many people feel joy with the arrival of the month of Ramadan, especially Muslims. Many people have made various plans to break their fast together, whether with family, friends or co-workers. It’s no wonder that many people feel very happy with the arrival of the holy month of Ramadan.

In the month of fasting, every Muslim is obliged to fast to endure hunger and thirst for approximately one month, from dawn to sunset. However, as discussed above, the duration of fasting in various countries in the hemisphere can vary. Some are classified as short and some have a very long duration of fasting time. But, what do you think causes the difference in the duration of fasting in various countries around the world?

In Indonesia itself, every Muslim is required to fast or endure hunger and thirst from sunrise to sunset. Where usually the duration of fasting in Indonesia is around 13 hours.

In other countries, Muslims who observe fasting must fast for only 9 hours. however, there are also countries where the duration of fasting can be up to 21 hours, where we have to endure hunger and thirst during that period. For Indonesia itself, it is in the middle, not too long and not too short.

Surely many of us are wondering and feeling confused. Why does every country in the world have a different fasting duration? So, to understand more deeply about the causes of differences in the duration of fasting in each country, below are some of the reasons that can cause this:

1. Benchmark Fasting Time is a Natural Phenomenon

The first reason for the difference in the duration of fasting in each country is because the benchmark for fasting is the rising of dawn and the setting of the sun. During that time all Muslims must endure hunger and thirst. Therefore, the duration of fasting for each country will be different from each other.

Then, what exactly causes the change of time in various regions to be different? Basically, this is caused by the movement of the earth which is called rotation and revolution. Where these movements will be influenced by the rotation of the earth and also the rotation of the sun. That way, the length of sunshine can be made in an area or country can vary. This is similar to prayer times.

2. How Rotation and Revolution Affect Fasting Duration

As we know that the earth’s rotation can occur because of the rotation of the earth on its axis. Where the earth will continue and always rotate in its orbit. So that it will affect the occurrence of day and night. When the sun’s rays rise and illuminate certain parts of the earth, then it is referred to as noon.

If certain parts of the earth are not getting sunlight, then night will occur. Then, the revolution of the earth is the movement of the earth when it revolves around the sun. Where it will affect the length of time of day and night.

This can distinguish the duration of fasting in various countries in the world. Even so, the longer the duration of fasting we do, the more reward we will get later. Not only that, it can also increase our faith if it is done sincerely and without the slightest sense of coercion.

Of course, regular fasting can make our bodies fitter and healthier. Therefore, try to optimize it by eating foods that are rich in nutrients and doing regular exercise. However, for further planning if we are fasting for more than 20 hours, we may need a nutrition plan from a doctor.

Of the various countries that have a relatively short duration of fasting, which country would you like to visit to experience the sensation of fasting with a short duration?

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

12 Principles of Animation – Sinaumed’s certainly understands very well that an animation cannot be separated from the creativity of the animator’s hands. Yep, the main capital for an animator to be able to create a good animation is when he is able to capture an existing momentum in the form of a sequence of images, so that it seems as if the image is moving or alive.

An animator is different from a comic artist, cartoonist, or illustrator, especially when making a picture appear to be moving or alive. In terms of making this animation, it cannot be said that the process is easy, because there are many basic theories that an animator must learn.

One of the basic theories regarding making this animation is regarding the 12 principles of animation. These 12 principles of animation cover a lot of things, from the basics of motion, timing, visualization, to the techniques of making it. So, what are the 12 principles of animation? How is the history of the development of animation in the world to be as sophisticated as it is now? So, so that Sinaumed’s understands these things, let’s look at the following review of the 12 principles of animation!

What are the 12 Principles of Animation?

1. Solid Drawing

The main basis of the process of making animation is drawing. Yep, this drawing activity plays a significant role in determining neither the process nor the result of an animation, especially classic animation. Solid drawing is the ability to draw characters from various angles so that the characters will appear 3D and be consistent in each frame of the animation.

Usually, when applying this principle, an animator will still consider all the attributes of his character. Starting from the location of the eyes, clothing models, to any accessories attached to the character, must be drawn consistently. Not only that, an animator must also have sensitivity in terms of balance, composition, weight, and lighting for his character.

Actually, in the Solid Drawing principle which depends on this drawing activity, it can be replaced by using a computer. It’s just that, drawing a character by hand actually produces a more “real” animation.

2. Squash & Stretch (Flexible)

This first principle is when there is an addition of a bending (plastic) effect to the character or object, so that it will appear as if it is expanding or contracting. If so, then the character will have a livelier motion effect. This principle can be applied to characters in the form of living things, from humans to animals. Later, ‘enhancements’ will be given as well as dynamic effects on certain movements. Then, can this principle not be applied to characters that are inanimate objects? Of course you can, usually inanimate objects such as tables, glasses and bottles are used.

3. Timing & Spacing Timing (Duration)

In the principle of timing, it determines when a movement on a character must be carried out. Meanwhile, the principle of spacing refers more to the placement and number of images, so that it will determine the acceleration and deceleration of the various types of motion in the character. These two principles have different definitions but are related to one another.

In timing, it determines how many seconds a character can walk until it stops at its destination. Meanwhile, spacing determines the density of the image more. This was also expressed by a Disney animator named Grim Natwick, who argued that ” Animation is about timing and spacing “.

Look at the following picture!

In the picture, there are numbers that indicate the frame number. While the existing line shows the distance or change between objects before and after (spacing).

4. Anticipation (Initial Movement)

Anticipation is the preparation for the initial movement which has 3 parts, namely the initial part (anticipation), the movement itself, and the final movement ( follow through ). This principle can be considered as preparation for motion or square off. Just like humans who want to run or jump, they will definitely make a square off first, right? Well, in making animated characters as well.

For example, for a character who wants to make a jump, it must be preceded by a bending motion and then actually jump. Another example is when a character is about to make a hitting move, then his hand must go backwards then forward.

5. Slow In & Slow Out

Almost the same as the principle of spacing related to acceleration and deceleration. This principle also emphasizes that every movement in a character must have different acceleration and deceleration.

Slow In: occurs when a movement that was initially slow then becomes fast.

Slow Out: occurs when a relatively fast movement then progressively slows down.

6. Secondary Action (Closing Movement)

Namely an additional movement that aims to strengthen the main movement so that the character looks more realistic. Please note that these additional moves may not exceed the main move … 

For example, in a stepping motion, the position of the hands must be able to balance the footsteps. Likewise with the position of the waist which will also rotate when the body is leaning to the right or left.

7. Arc

Namely a movement that follows an arc-shaped pattern (circle, ellipse, or parabola). This principle is usually used for characters who will move to throw the ball, so that the existence of this “Arc” is shown on the trajectory of the hand or the trajectory of the ball’s motion in the air. Another example is when an animator wants to make a character shake his head, the resulting movement will curve slightly up or down to form a circle.

8. Follow Through & Overlapping Action

The principle of follow through is when a body part continues to move even though the character has stopped moving. For example, when the head turns to the right, the hair also moves.

While overlapping is when the movements precede each other. For example, when there is an animal character that is jumping, shortly after jumping, its ears are still twitching even though the main movement has stopped.

9. Straight Ahead & Pose to Pose

The straight ahead principle is to create animations by drawing them one by one, frame by frame, from start to finish. Even though the use of this principle seems time-consuming, the image quality remains consistent, because it is only done by one person. The principle of straight ahead also requires improvisation from the animator so that the results of the movement of the characters look more natural. Unfortunately, without the animator realizing it, through this principle it is not uncommon for the character drawings to grow or shrink.

While the principle of pose to pose is making animation by drawing only on certain keyframes. Furthermore, the in-between or interval between keyframes will be drawn by other animators. This method actually saves more time because it involves a lot of resources, so it is often used in the animation industry.

10. Staging

Staging in this animation principle includes how the ‘environment’ around the character is created to support the atmosphere of part or all of the scene. Therefore, this principle really refers to the cinematography and the silhouettes of the characters. If it is related to the silhouette of the character, then it is related to how the ‘camera’ is positioned in the shooting.

If the camera is in the down position, it can make the character look big and scary. Meanwhile, if the camera position is above it will actually make the character appear smaller and look confused. The most effective position is to be on the side, so that later the character will look dynamic and attractive.

11. Exaggeration

This principle emphasizes more on animated movements that have dramatic elements and even tend to be hyperbolic. This principle is usually applied in animation with the comedy genre, so it requires dramatic movements that tend to be extreme, especially in certain expressions. In short, through this principle, the character will be more exaggerated but that is precisely its charm.

12. Appeals

The principle of appeal is closely related to the visual style of animation. Through this principle, not infrequently even the audience will be able to identify where the animation comes from. Take another look at Doraemon animation , Spongebob Squarepants, to Adit & Sopo Jarwo . Must have a different visual style right ? Well, this appeal usually includes style, color, and 3D.

History of the Development of Animation in the World

In an era that is as sophisticated as today, the existence of animation is increasingly popular, especially with the existence of 3D animation that can be created through software. Yep, technological developments have also greatly influenced the development of animation as well. In the past, the Mickey Mouse character, for example, had to be made frame by frame by the animator. What’s more, animation is not only developing in America , you know , but also in Japan, Russia, and even Indonesia.

America

America is considered as the origin country of animation, even though the first animation was actually created by Charles Émile Reynaud , a French animator. In the 18th century, animation began to develop in America using stop motion techniques. In this technique rely on a series of still images which are then arranged into one so as to create the impression as if the image is moving. This technique is quite difficult to do, you know, because it requires a lot of time and money. To create an animation for just 1 second, it takes a process of approximately 12-24 frames!

The first American to use the stop motion technique was J. Stuart Blackton, who is later considered to be the father of American animation. Thanks to this idea, Blackton succeeded in creating several films using the stop motion technique, namely The Enchanted Drawing (1900) and Humorous Phases of Funny Faces (1906).

As technology develops, especially computers, animation production is also growing. This development makes animation divided into two types namely 2D and 3D. Just a little trivia, between 2D and 3D animation there is a very obvious difference. In 2D animation, animated figures usually use bitmap graphics or vector graphics. While 3D animation is more complex, it is not uncommon for effects to make characters more alive, such as water, fire and lighting effects.

Also in America, the most popular animation production house was founded along with its characters, namely Disney. Yep, this Disney production house was created by Walt Disney with his works like Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Pinocchio, and others. Tell me who are your favorite characters in Disney movies!

Many countries are trying to follow the development of animation from this superpower, one of which is Japan. Even these two countries compete in making animation even though both have different characteristics and visual styles. Animation originating from America is famous for its use of sophisticated technology, while Japanese animation is more on an interesting storyline.

Japan

The development of animation finally reached the Asian continent, with Japan as the first originator since 1913. At that time, Shimokawa Bokoten and his colleagues created an animation entitled First Experiment in Animation which turned out to be a big seller. Japanese society calls animation as anime. The development of the anime industry occurred when the Japanese film industry was in decline.

In 1963, an animation entitled Astro Boy appeared which was shown on television with an interesting storyline. Coupled with the existence of a graphic design that was considered sophisticated at that time, this animation was a huge success. Entering the 1990s, many interesting but provocative animations emerged, such as Hideaki Anno’s Neon Genesis Evangelion , Hayao Miyazaki’s Mononoke Hime , and others. In general, these animations carry complex themes of love, courage, and friendship.

As digital technology has developed, animation production in Japan has also developed. Many studios produce animation, one of which is Ghibli , whose works are still popular today. Through this animation, it indirectly reflects the state of society in Japan.

Russia

The Russian state has also contributed to developing popular animations, for example Masha & The Bear which has been broadcast on Indonesian television. The development of animation in Red Bear Country was initiated by Ladislas Starevitch , who became known as the Father of Puppet Animation. Even his name is often juxtaposed with Winsor McCay who is the Father of Image Animation.

The occurrence of the October Revolution in Russia in 1917, caused Starevitch to migrate abroad and made the development of animation in that country also stop. It was only in the late 1920s that the Russian ruler, Stalin, was convinced to provide animation studios with capital to make films for propaganda purposes. Yep, the existence of animation turned out to be used as political propaganda but this condition ended in 1956 as the end of Stalin’s leadership.

In the next leadership, Khrushchev, then brought a reform, especially in the world of politics and culture. That is the starting point for the development of animation, even though it takes quite a long time. The development of Russian animation, which has increased in terms of quality, is marked by Fjodor Khitruks’ work entitled History of a Crime (1961). The animation carries a contemporary theme and tells about issues in the reality of the modern world. Even the animated film is considered to be a criticism of Russian society because it tells the story of a man who cannot sleep because of noise disturbances from his neighbour’s environment.

In the era of Khrushchev’s leadership, puppet animation was also born again after being on hiatus for several years. The return of puppet animation was sparked by Soyuzmultfilm in 1953. The most famous animated puppet character is Cheburashka, from the fairy tale story by Eduard Kaspersky. Along with its development, Russian animators are able to produce quality works with international cooperation. For example, there is The Mermaid (1996) by Alexander Petrov, which even received an Oscar nomination.

Indonesia

Our country is also among those following the development of animation, you know , even though it is progressing slowly due to the difficulty in the scope of promotion for the animators. Another reason why the development of animation in Indonesia is very slow is the lack of formal education regarding animation and the lack of mastery of foreign languages. Yep, Indonesian people before this era were very limited in mastering foreign languages, so most animation houses from abroad were less interested in setting up studios in Indonesia. In fact, the wayang kulit culture is also one of the oldest forms of animation in the world.

Nowadays, because technology is getting more sophisticated, animation production in Indonesia is also developing in various ways. Call it Adit & Sopo Jarwo, Battle of Surabaya, Juki The Movie, Kiko and Friends, Somat Family, and many more. Even though it has not yet spread to other countries, we must be proud because Indonesia has been able to create animations that have flexible movements and educational characters.

Source:

https://sipadu.isi-ska.ac.id/

https://idseducation.com/

https://dkv.binus.ac.id/

Also Read related to 12 Principles of Animation:

• Understanding Aesthetics and Theory

• What Is Fine Art Criticism?

• Definition, History, and How to Make Caricatures

• Understanding Picture Stories and Examples

• Various Drawing Techniques For Beginners 

• What is the Dusel Technique?

• Get to know Pointillism Technique

• Examples of Original Indonesian Art and its Types

• Tools Used in Shading Techniques

• Definition, History, Functions, Types, and Examples of Graphic Arts

Various Objectives of Preparing the State Budget – Protecting the entire Indonesian nation and all of Indonesia’s bloodshed, promoting public welfare, educating the nation’s life, and participating in carrying out world order are the goals of the Indonesian state which are stated in the opening of the 1945 Constitution, 4th paragraph. These four goals require a budget that is not small to make it happen.

The government often encounters obstacles in realizing state goals, namely not having enough resources to finance activities related to state goals. The government certainly has an important role in managing, regulating, stabilizing, and developing community economic activities.

In order to carry out its duties and functions, the government requires enormous funds. For this reason, the government needs to explore sources of funds and determine the use of the funds obtained.

Sources of funds and their use are studied in state finances contained in the APBN. Before going any further, what comes to Sinaumed’s’ mind when he hears the word “APBN”? Does Sinaumed’s know what it stands for?

What is APBN?

The State Revenue and Expenditure Budget or often abbreviated APBN is the state government’s annual financial plan that has been approved by the DPR. This article will discuss more about the APBN and the purpose of its preparation.

As previously stated, the state budget has an important role in realizing state goals. Through the APBN, the government continues to strive to realize the goals of the state up to the specified limits year after year.

The purpose of preparing the APBN is not far from its meaning, namely to regulate state finances, the economy, and all related aspects. Article 23 of the 1945 Constitution, namely to be responsible as much as possible for the welfare and prosperity of the people.

The point is that the APBN focuses on state revenue or income and expenditure or spending. State revenue or revenue comes from exports, taxes and other revenues.

Meanwhile, state spending or spending comes from subsidies, purchases of equipment, interest costs on debt payments, infrastructure spending, imports, and so on. It can be concluded that the APBN is a description of state finances from the point of view of the central government.

Important elements that can provide the best possible benefits for society must be included in the preparation of a state budget. What are the important elements that can provide benefits to society? This important element consists of three parts, namely fiscal discipline, allocation of priority scale resources, and implementation of activities that support budget allocations.

The APBN can also be interpreted as a list of state revenues and expenditures within a one year period stipulated by law and serves as a guide for the country’s economy to be used as much as possible for the prosperity of the people.

The APBN is designed and implemented for one year from January 1 to December 31 of the same year since the reform era in 2000. Changes that occur in the political environment and the various interests that must be allocated affect the budget policy formulation process.

Illustration of APBN Compilation Mechanism (source: ardra.biz)

Before the APBN is approved by the DPR, which is a representative body , the budget is called the Draft State Revenue and Expenditure Budget or often abbreviated as the RAPBN. The draft is faced with various uncertainties, especially related to world economic fluctuations.

This uncertainty has forced the government to determine the basic assumptions for preparing the RAPBN. The RAPBN assumptions are determined by a special team, including the Ministry of Finance, representatives from Bank Indonesia, the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), the Central Bureau of Statistics, and the Office of the Coordinating Minister for the Economy.

The special team holds regular meetings to discuss and determine the number of assumptions that will be proposed to the legislature or the DPR. After that, the RAPBN will be submitted by the President to the DPR in a plenary session.

When the draft is approved by the DPR, it will then be determined to become the APBN through law. If the DPR does not approve the draft budget, the central government can spend as much as the APBN figure in the previous year.

The state financial budget becomes a tool for accountability, management, and economic policy. In order to realize economic growth and stability as well as equal distribution of income, the state budget implements its instrument as a budgetary economic policy. The APBN that has been stipulated in its implementation has several important functions, namely the supervisory function, planning function, authorization, distribution, allocation, and stabilization.

In the oversight function, the APBN is used as a government budget that can guide the suitability of government administration activities. Then in the planning function, the APBN functions as the government budget which guides management in planning activities for the current year.

The state budget which is used as the basis for the implementation of revenues and expenditures in the current year is the APBN authorization function. As the name suggests, the APBN distribution function will improve income distribution.

Then the APBN allocation function will carry out its function as the provision of public goods or public good provision. Finally, the APBN carries out a stabilization function which will help maintain and strive for a balance of economic fundamentals.

Then the preparation of the annual development program contained in the APBN is carried out on the basis of independence, thrift and sharpening. The independence in question is that the preparation of annual programs is based on the capacity of the state and is expected to increase sources of state revenue.

Then the principle of savings is intended to increase efficiency and productivity. Meanwhile, the sharpening principle is carried out to give priority or prioritize development in sectors that are more beneficial.

In its preparation, the APBN has a basic structure consisting of three main elements, namely the revenue side, the expenditure side, and the financing side. The first basic structure is state revenue.

In this structure, state revenues and grants consist of domestic revenues and foreign revenues. Domestic revenues, including oil and gas, taxes and non-tax. While foreign receipts or foreign aid, includes program and project assistance.

From the state expenditure side, the basic structure of preparing the APBN consists of routine expenditures, including personnel expenditures, goods expenditures, autonomous regional subsidies, and development expenditures for implementing government projects. Then the state financing side in the basic structure of preparing the APBN consists of domestic financing and foreign financing.

Purpose of APBN Preparation

After discussing what the APBN is, now is the time for Sinaumed’s to know the purpose of preparing the APBN. The main purpose of preparing the APBN is to be responsible for the welfare and prosperity of the people.

More than that, there is a goal of preparing the APBN to regulate expenditure, income, investment, and employment issues. Collecting state revenue and meeting the needs of governance in the framework of realizing an economy based on democracy is the goal of the APBN.

The presence of the APBN also helps the government have a clear picture of what expenses must be made in one year and what income will be received for one year. The following are several other points that are the goal of preparing the APBN.

1. Increase the country’s economic growth.
2. As a guideline for state revenues and expenditures to increase economic growth in the framework of carrying out state duties.
3. Can improve coordination between departments within the government environment.
4. To increase the transparency of government accountability to the legislature or DPR and the wider community.
5. The preparation of the APBN also increases production and employment opportunities so that people’s welfare is fulfilled.
6. Participate in assisting the government in achieving its fiscal goal of overcoming inflation.
7. Bringing about efficiency and fairness in the provision of public goods and services through a more priority process.
8. Enabling the government to fulfill its task of spending priorities.
9. Can save state expenditure and increase revenue.
10. As a means of maintaining state financial stability by regulating the amount of money in circulation.
11. Help develop various domestic industries.
12. Can help increase employment through development and investment in a country.

The APBN is expected to reduce the risk of errors, waste and fraud that can harm the state. In addition, the preparation of the State Budget according to the regulations is expected to be able to increase employment opportunities, economic development and national prosperity. That is a review of the APBN and the purpose of its preparation. Hopefully this article can be useful and add to Sinaumed’s’ knowledge.

Book Recommendations That Make You More Understanding about APBN & Macroeconomics

1. Introduction to Micro and Macroeconomics Revised Edition

2. Introduction to Macroeconomic Theory

3. Easy to Understand and Implement Macroeconomics Accompanied

5. Indonesian Financial Literacy and Inclusion Book

 

 

Also read:

• Definition of APBD
• Basic Concepts of Economics
• Definition of National Income
• Differences in Economic Development and Economic Growth
• Open Economy System
• Economic Principles
• Definition of Scarcity
• Microeconomics
• Economic Recession
• Economic Globalization
• People’s Economy
• Economic agents
• Economic Problems in Indonesia
• Economics
• Types of Economic Systems
• People’s Economy

sinaumedia Literacy – The issue of mental health is becoming a hot topic of discussion, because in reality it is not only physical health that needs attention, mental health is just as important. Mental health itself is not only influenced by external factors but also internal ones such as hormones. The hormone that is predicted to play an important role in a person’s mental and emotional condition is the hormone serotonin. The existence of this hormone can affect the function of brain cells and ultimately result in a better mood, stress relief, and better quality of mental health. Check out a more complete explanation of the hormone serotonin below, Sinaumed’s!

KNOWING THE HORMONE SEROTONIN

There are at least four types of hormones that are always associated with ‘feeling happy’ namely dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin and endorphins. These four hormones have different functions but all four contribute to elevating mood, with serotonin playing a large role in changes in a person’s mood. A person who lacks serotonin is more at risk of developing psychological disorders, including depression and anxiety disorders.

 

Not only affecting mood, serotonin also plays a role in regulating circadian rhythms (sleep rhythms), regulating appetite, helping memory function, and digestive function. Serotonin itself is a chemical compound that can act as a neurotransmitter as well as a hormone. Serotonin is created by a biochemical process by combining various materials such as the amino acid tryptophan, protein components, and other chemical reactors. In addition to the brain, serotonin is also found in the intestines, so whatever you consume every day also greatly affects this hormone.

 

THE FUNCTION OF SEROTONIN FOR THE BODY

Know the function of serotonin in supporting your body’s daily work system, Sinaumed’s:

• HELP THE FUNCTION OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

In the digestive system serotonin functions to regulate bowel movements. In addition, this one substance also plays a role in controlling one’s appetite. When you eat foods that are irritating or contain toxins, your intestines will produce more serotonin. This extra serotonin then helps the body get rid of these toxins so they are removed from your body more quickly.

• BLOOD COTTING

During the blood clotting process, platelets release serotonin to help wounds heal. This substance will narrow the small arteries and slow down the flow until the blood clotting process.

• SEXUAL FUNCTION

Serotonin plays a role in increasing a person’s libido when levels are too low, but excessive levels of serotonin can also trigger a decrease in sexual desire. Therefore the balance of serotonin levels plays a very important role in controlling one’s sexual arousal.

• CONTROLLING THE SLEEP CYCLE

Serotonin is also responsible for stimulating the part of the brain that controls when serotonin is low.

• MOOD

Serotonin is referred to as a body compound that is closely related to pleasure. Serotonin plays a major role in improving a person’s mood and making him feel happy.

• BONE HEALTH

Serotonin plays an important role in maintaining bone health and density. Research says that serotonin levels that are too high can increase the risk of osteoporosis. Even other research shows that antidepressant drugs, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can reduce bone mineral density, so that people who consume them are more at risk of experiencing fractures than those who don’t.

 

SIGNS OF YOUR BODY LACK OF SEROTONIN HORMONE

What happens if the body lacks serotonin? Generally, the normal level of serotonin in the blood is around 101 to 283 nanograms per milliliter. If the body lacks serotonin, then you will experience various symptoms such as:

• If you feel like eating something sweet and salty continuously, it could be because your body lacks serotonin. Sweet and salty foods can increase serotonin levels in the body and make you feel better. Unfortunately this only lasted temporarily. As a result, you will increasingly crave salty and sweet foods.
• Insomnia? Maybe you lack serotonin. Insomnia is a sign of low serotonin levels in the body. This can cause sleep problems and mood swings. People who experience stress and depression tend to have difficulty sleeping easily.
• Low self-confidence, constant feeling of anxiety, mood swings to the point of feeling dazed

Until now, experts are still studying the exact causes of depression. One theory of this question states that depression can be caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters or hormones in the body. Depression is also associated with low levels of serotonin in the sufferer’s body. However, too much serotonin levels due to certain drugs can also cause a condition called serotonin syndrome. Various symptoms that will appear if you experience this syndrome are tremors, diarrhea, headaches, confusion, goosebumps and dilated pupils. If it becomes severe enough, the symptoms include muscle twitching, muscle stiffness, high fever, increased irregular heart rate to high blood pressure. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome will sometimes disappear within a day if you take the medication prescribed by your doctor. However,

 

HOW TO INCREASE SEROTONIN HORMONES NATURALLY

There are many healthy ways you can do to increase serotonin levels in your body. Here are some of them:

 

CONSUMPTION NUTRITIONAL FOOD

Choosing healthy foods that are high in tryptophan and carbohydrates can be an effective way to increase serotonin. Prioritize foods with complex carbohydrates, such as oatmeal and whole wheat bread. Health experts themselves recommend consuming foods that contain at least 25-30 grams of tryptophan every day. Some examples of foods that help increase serotonin include:

• Eggs, the protein in the yolk can increase tryptophan levels in the blood, thereby increasing levels of the hormone serotonin. Tryptophan and tyrosine in egg yolks also act as antioxidants.
• Probiotic or fermented foods, such as kefir, yogurt, and tofu. Tofu has a high tryptophan content, so it is the right choice for a menu that will help you increase serotonin levels.
• Fish, has a lot of healthy fats and important nutrients, one of which is tryptophan which is abundant in salmon, tuna and mackerel.
• Nuts (including kidney beans and black beans) as well as whole grains, which besides being rich in antioxidants and vitamins also contain tryptophan, so they are very good at increasing the hormone serotonin. In a study from the American Chemical Society, researchers asked 20 people to avoid nuts and 22 others to follow a nut-rich diet for 12 weeks. At the end of three months, researchers found that those who consumed nuts had increased serotonin levels as well as other health benefits.
• Cheese can be integrated into various snacks and main meals to help increase serotonin levels in a person’s body
• Green vegetables, such as spinach, broccoli, beets and kale, fruits such as bananas, pineapples, plums and tomatoes are also rich sources of vitamins B6 & B12 such as crabs, potatoes and pistachios.

 

REGULAR EXERCISE

Exercising can trigger the release of tryptophan into the blood. Tryptophan itself is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in the body, one of which is to create serotonin. According to researchers from the University of Vermont, exercise with a duration of just 20 minutes per day can improve mood for up to 12 hours in the future. The sport in question is a sport that can increase heart rate such as swimming, cycling, brisk walking, running, or hiking. Do the type of exercise that you really like and can do regularly. If you can’t find time to exercise regularly, try walking for 30 minutes to an hour every day. At the very least, this light exercise will help burn calories and increase tryptophan levels, so that serotonin levels increase Sinaumed’s!

MORNING SUNDAY

Allocate about 15 minutes to bask in the morning sun every day. Because sunlight will help the formation of vitamin D, which also plays an important role in the production of the hormone serotonin, also increase outdoor activities. But keep in mind, avoid sun exposure at 10.00-14.00 because ultraviolet exposure is at its highest at these times.

 

MASSAGE

Research at the University of Miami School of Medicine found that massage can effectively treat anxiety and depression. After reviewing more than 12 studies on massage therapy, they concluded that it affects the body’s biochemistry. This is what makes massage therapy effective in reducing depression and anxiety. A study involving about 500 men, women, and children with depression or anxiety, found that massage therapy reduced participants’ cortisol hormone by 53 percent. The hormone cortisol is known as the stress hormone. In addition, the study also found the fact that massage therapy can also increase serotonin levels in their bodies.

 

MEDITATION

Research shows that meditation that is done regularly can lower blood pressure, reduce stress on the heart and arteries, which will then prevent you from various dangerous diseases such as heart disease and stroke. According to research from Johns Hopkins University, meditating for 30 minutes every day will also help the body improve symptoms of depression, stabilize activity in brain areas associated with positive thoughts and optimism. People who meditate have also been shown to sleep earlier and longer than those who don’t.

 

INDUCE MOOD WITH POSITIVE THOUGHTS

A study conducted by Perreau Linck and his team in 2007 found that changes in mind either self-induced or due to psychotherapy can change brain metabolism, one of which is increasing serotonin levels. This theory is referred to as self-induced mood, which allows for a two-way synthetic interaction between serotonin and mood. The point is that serotonin can affect mood, and vice versa. One way to induce a mood is by thinking about pleasant thoughts or recalling events that made you feel happy.

 

LISTENING TO MUSIC

Music can provide more than one happy hormone. Many people agree that listening to music can calm the mind and elevate the mood in a more positive direction. Listening to music, especially music you like, can increase the production of dopamine in a person’s brain. The same goes for playing and creating music. A study says that creating and performing music by dancing, singing, or beating drums can trigger the release of Sinaumed’s endorphins!

 

EAT SPICY FOOD

Chili contains a high amount of capsaicin compound. Compounds that can cause a sensation of heat has the ability to trigger the brain to release endorphins. Reporting from Medical Daily, a study even shows that taking capsaicin can reduce pain just like painkillers do. But of course consuming spicy foods must be in normal quantities, because the effect will also affect digestive conditions.

 

BEER GATHERING WITH FRIENDS

Doing fun things with friends is good for emotional well-being. When you get together with the closest people, of course there will be a lot of laughter and jokes that are ejected. In fact, laughter can make the brain release endorphins naturally. According to Reader’s Digest, laughter is described as an “inner jog” that is beneficial in lowering blood pressure, reducing stress, boosting immunity, and elevating your mood. Sinaumed’s!

 

EAT CHOCOLATE

Already many people believe that consumption of chocolate is beneficial in improving mood. This is because dark chocolate or dark chocolate contains polyphenols and other antioxidants which function as lowering blood pressure and make the body produce endorphins. Eating low-sugar chocolate can also help lower cholesterol and improve heart health. If you want to take advantage of the health benefits of chocolate, then choose unsweetened cocoa powder which can be served with low-fat milk, oatmeal, or other foods and drinks that you consume. One tablespoon of unsweetened cocoa powder contains at least 20 calories, about 0.5 gram of fat and 1 gram of fiber. This type of cocoa also does not contain saturated fat. Unlike dark chocolate, milk chocolate contains absolutely no fiber. Besides that, Milk chocolate contains higher calories, fat and saturated fat. To obtain the various benefits of chocolate that have been described above, pay attention to the label on the product packaging before buying it. It’s best to avoid products with lots of additional ingredients and excessive sweeteners, Sinaumed’s!

 

AVOID CAFEINED BEVERAGES

Avoid caffeinated foods, especially energy drinks. Caffeine will suppress the production of serotonin, which also delays hunger. Energy drinks contain a lot of sugar, which the body processes quickly, but results in low energy output once insulin levels decrease. If you really have to drink products that contain caffeine, consume it after eating.

 

HUG

Hugging is known to eliminate various negative emotions. Falling in love and being loved is proven to increase serotonin. In addition, hugs can also release oxytocin which can improve mood. Thus, hug with loved ones (family, brothers, sisters) to increase your happiness Sinaumed’s!

 

START A HAPPY LIFE

If you want to live happily, then start thinking, behaving and acting more positively every day. A positive attitude will radiate from a smile and friendliness that is full of sincerity towards others. Forgive sincerely those who have hurt our hearts, because by forgiving negative feelings will disappear and change into positive feelings so that they will continue to produce happiness hormones.

 

Understand that stress can interfere with serotonin levels. Stress in the long term will lower serotonin levels. Serious and systemic stress can also affect the body’s ability to produce and synthesize serotonin. Avoid stressors as much as possible, and find healthy ways to deal with them. If you experience stress due to your lifestyle, try to overcome it by doing: Yoga Meditation Deep breathing exercises Express yourself (for example through painting, dance or writing). If you start to experience depression or unreasonable sadness that continues to interfere with your daily activities, there’s nothing wrong with seeing a Sinaumed’s doctor!

A wise man said “If you want to find happiness, then happiness is outside. But if we want to feel happiness, then happiness is inside.” Therefore, choose to be happy from now on Sinaumed’s, Cheers!

Jambi Regional Songs – Indonesia is a country rich in culture, including the diversity of its regional music and songs. From the past until now, Jambi folk songs are always interesting to listen to. Not only Aceh and West Sumatra regional songs, Jambi regional songs also have a very unique uniqueness and lyrics with deep meaning.

Please note, the Jambi area is an area left behind by many tribes. This plurality factor is one of the things that makes Jambi’s folk songs thick with local wisdom and community values.

The following is a list of the most popular Jambi Regional Songs from time to time. For Sinaumed’s who are curious about Jambi folk songs, let’s see the full review below!

List of the Most Popular Jambi Regional Songs

1. Batanghari

In addition, this song, which was composed by a man named Ajis Sutan Sati, tells the story of a man who loves a woman. It’s just that the love story ended sadly because the woman who was praised by the man actually got married by someone else.

Batanghari song lyrics

Batanghari is calm
Even though it’s calm,
rush to the edge of
Jambi’s son ,
don’t be remembered
.

Take a walk to Ojong Jabong
Stop by for a while at Pengagu
Oy miss and grudge dik oy don’t be a neighbor
Budi a memory becomes a memory
Miss and grudge dik oy don’t be a neighbor
Budi a point of remembrance becomes a memory

Go relax to Tanggo Rajo
It’s clear that Jambi is across from I want
to ask for betel nut, oy, what’s up, dayo,
people’s fate is taken by the people, I want
to ask for a pinang, oy, what’s wrong, dayo,
people’s fate is taken over

Batanghari, the pride of Jambi,
the longest river that borders the country
Pojoklahnyo, please bring your heart, let’s
dance, let’s dance to Batanghari’s song,
Pojoklahnyo’s heart, come on, let’s dance, let’s
dance to Batanghari’s song

2. Dodoi Si Dodoi

However, this song basically holds an implied meaning about the anxious feelings that a mother has for her baby. This feeling of anxiety is caused by the father who goes abroad to meet the needs of the family at home.

Therefore, the mother hopes that the child can feel calm and patient in accepting the family situation which is in a difficult position.

Dodoi Si Dodoi Lyrics

My heart is dear soul
My heart is dear soul.
Go to sleep, child, Mother, pray for me, dear
, Sleep, sleep, child, Mother, pray for me, dear

Dodoi si dodoi

Don’t let your child cry,
don’t let your child cry
Your father is far away, children are overseas, dear,
your father is far away, children are overseas, dear people

Dodoi si dodoi

Sleep well child in a swing
Sleep well child in a swing
Sleep well child while I am rocking it dear
Sleep well child while I am rocking it dear

Dodoi si dodoi

Don’t let the child cry,
don’t let the child cry.
Your father is far away, children are overseas, dear,
your father is far away, dear, people are overseas

Dodoi si dodoi

3. Bitter Ants

This song with a happy tone is very liked by children. The tempo of the song can also add enthusiasm to playing. Not surprisingly, the song Injit-Injit Semut is considered to have magical power that can invite anyone to be happy and happy together.

Song Lyrics Injit-Injit Ants

Take a walk to the land of Deli
What a beautiful place to visit
Friends, don’t be sad
Let’s sing together

If you go to Surabaya,
take your own rowing boat.
If your heart is sad
, you will lose yourself

Ants
who are sick, climb on top
of the ant,
even if it hurts, don’t let go

Ants
who are sick, climb on top
of the ant,
even if it hurts, don’t let go

4. Shawl Mayang

Meanwhile, on the other hand, the Selendang Mayang song with different lyrics contains a love story about a man who falls in love with a beautiful woman. This version of the song also tells the story of a very big feeling of love from a man. However, great feelings actually make the man nervous when he comes face to face with the woman he loves.

Mayang Shawl Song Lyrics

People burn on Ghost Island,
the smoke there is tabun hoarding

People burn in Pulau Hantu,
the smoke there is tabun,
the smoke from the fire burns the garden,
kicking the pepper in the melted cover

At the bottom of the dew stem glass
it is seen that it should not be taken

Rendang pepper is covered in smoke
that reaches Mount Seven

5. Timang-Timang My Dear Son

My child is crippled, I love
your father’s only baby.
Don’t cry and don’t sulk honey
, be calm in the crib

How the heart won’t be happy
when you joke, laugh,
hopefully far from danger, dear
, be happy all the time

Every time I pray
to God Almighty,
if you are an adult,
your life will be happy and peaceful

Pets, my dear children, love
the jewels of your father’s heart.
Go to sleep, close your eyes dear,
tomorrow we will play again

6. Orang Kayo Hitam

For the people of Jambi, there is a figure who is famous for his supernatural powers and courage. The figure is known as Orang Kayo Hitam. Orang Kayo Hitam is an Islamic preacher who succeeded in practicing various Islamic values ​​for government management during the royal period.

Until now, the Orang Kayo Hitam grave is believed to be a sacred place for the people of Jambi. Most of the people of Jambi also frequently visit the Orang Kayo Hitam graves to send prayers. Usually, the Orang Kayo Hitam graveyard located in Berbak District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province will be very busy with visitors when entering Islamic holidays.

In a study conducted by Alirmansyah and his friends in 2020 with the title Analysis of Moral Values ​​contained in the Jambi Regional Song Orang Kayo Hitam, there are many moral values ​​behind the lyrics of the Orang Kayo Hitam song.

This song wants to remind the importance of a human being to always remember his God in any situation or condition. Apart from that, this song also holds advice to always maintain harmony and love one another.

Orang Kayo Hitam Song Lyrics

Black kayo people, brave and brave
Namonyo agung in mano-mano
Until Mataram people knew
Pusako bundo in Batanghari

His father’s name is Datuk Berhalo,
a holy descendant from Bagindo,
Putri Pinang Cook, his mother’s name is
from Pagaruyung, his country of origin

Sutoooo…

The great Black Kayo people in the Keris siginjai mano-mano
are the main weapons

Rangkaio Pingai Dulur yang tuo
The wise one leads the country
The flatness of Lamo Dulur Yang Mudo
of Mount Balangsebo is tested by walnuts

Mayang parses setio’s wife,
Tumenggung Merah’s son, Melato
Meriam, a talisman of his incarnation,
Egung Sitimang Pulo Ibunyo

Sutoooo…

The great Black Kayo people in the Keris siginjai mano-mano
are the main weapons

7. Areca Young

Young Pinang song lyrics

Young areca nut young areca nut split in two
Mount Kerinci, the mountain is towering high
O young man, if you have to walk together,
be happy even though there is no one to stop you

Prawns and prawns, there are prawns on the side of the river.
Girls and single parents don’t care

Sparrows dead sparrows hanging
Falling down and falling on the rocks
The lady is beautiful Ouch mama not a person
The person is beautiful Ouch miss long hair

Prawns and prawns, there are prawns behind a rock.
Single girls and parents can’t know

There are mountains, there are mountains, here is the mountain.
The middle, the middle, the jasmine flower.
O village girl, she is beautiful
in a headscarf.

Black, black, black, black, black, the mangosteen fruit.
Let him be black, but I look sweet

Black chicken black chicken with white strings
Fly high fly high above the hills
Black people oh mama white teeth
When you laugh it’s really beautiful it’s so sweet

Prawns and prawns, there are prawns behind a rock.
Single girls and parents can’t know

8. Princess Muaro Jambi

The eighth Jambi regional anthem is the Putri Muaro Jambi song. As the name implies, this song comes from Muaro Jambi Regency which was composed by Heri Yusdi. This song itself tells the story of the journey of a princess from Muaro Jambi.

Princess Muaro Jambi song lyrics

Bermulo in swamp golak boat
drifted to Batanghari
Tanggo batu ado in Jambi
adonyo in Muaro Jambi

Tanah cinto kepado putri
iko historical song Muaro Jambi

Hoooo….

Come on, let’s go to Muaro Jambi
to watch the people harvest the rice.
My body doesn’t feel good anymore
because I walk

Single girls call us
tuo young people who love to sing
our songs from the Jambi area
, originally from Muaro Jambi

9. Single Jungle Girl

The song entitled Girls Rimbo Bujang is the ninth most popular Jambi folk song. The song, which originates from Tebo Regency, Jambi, was composed by Lukman Sa’i and sung by Saputra and Nunung. In accordance with the title of the song, this song tells of a love affair that exists between a young man and a beautiful girl from Rimbo Bujang. It is not surprising that many of the lyrics of this song contain cheesy seductions from a man to the woman he loves.

Girl Rimbo Bujang song lyrics

This is beautiful, a single jungle girl
with dimples, and a flat walk, walking.
This
is beautiful,
a single jungle girl, said
Saponyo, really charming
.

This is beautiful, a single jungle girl
with dimples, walking on a walk,
beautiful, single jungle girl,
said Saponyo, really charming

Darling…
since the meeting,
my heart is restless
day and night

Brother…
Sayo has also been concerned
since we met eyes that
it’s hard to sleep and it’s hard to eat

If that’s what we feel,
it means we fall in love with each other

If you want to go to Rimbo singleton,
go ahead and complain and sit in front.
If you really love me
, can I keep you tandonyo?

10. Manumpang Trade (Miss Minah)

Lyrics of the song Dagang Manumpang (Cik Minah)

Ms. Minah Tekuluk Putih
Pegi
went
to land maid

Tanjung broke the island, it’s a shame, bang,
the
hamlet of Berajo is
missing

Sepat fish, mackerel ,
Shrimp’s
child under
the leaves

Can’t get curly hair dear bang oi
If you ask for ten years
Can’t get curly hair dear bang oi
If you ask for ten years

Bahumo ketapang lake
Plant sakiding paddy duo
Bahumo ketapang lake
Plant sakiding paddy duo

It’s sick to trade manumpang dear bang oi
Aeklah it’s cloudy to drink jugo
It’s sick to trade manumpang dear bang oi
Aeklah it’s cloudy to drink jugo

11. Humpback Cucumber

The next Jambi folk song is the Humpback Cucumber. Cucumber Humpback is known as a song with the saddest nuances. This is because this song describes a person’s shortcomings, both physically, mentally, and financially. This song describes the person with a hunchbacked cucumber, even though it was put in a sack, the hunchbacked cucumber was never counted on the scales.

Cucumber Humpback song lyrics

It’s fate that the hunchbacked cucumber
doesn’t enter the scales

Dak entered into the etongan
ouch dear…

Apo are again included in the invitation…
Apo are again included in the invitation…

It’s unfortunate that the hunchbacked cucumber
never gets insulted by people.

I don’t want to be looked at,
my dear friend…

Stay under the scales…
Stay under the scales…

If this is the fate of the body like other cucumbers…
Disapo is chosen by a friend who is ego instead of playing…

It’s unfortunate that your fate has taken you
wherever your feet have taken you, oh my dear…

Don’t be beibo nian, hunchbacked cucumber.
Tomorrow morning, the chicken will still be frozen…

All the contents of nature must be good together
If it’s night or day…

12. Tanjung Bajure

The last Jambi regional song is titled Tanjung Bajure. This song is basically about the Tanjung Bajure area itself.

Stand up for bajure, dress up for shirt
Aye ranyo ala bire, aye ranyo laila la bire
Ala is loved ae, love is ae
Lubuk ala rameh, lubuk ala rameh latapian bate

Ala loves ae, loves ae
ala Sudeah ala lamo, sudeah ala lamo
Kamai dimu ala miss, kamai dimu laila la miss
Ala loves ae, loves ala ae

The new kinai style, the new kinai style is dapeak in the mother…
Suo is loved by ae, the style is loved by ae

Sudeah ala lamo, sudeah ala lamo
Kamai dimu ala miss, kamai dimu laila la missa
Ala is loved by ae, ala is loved by ae
New kinai style, new kinai style dapeak dibu…
Suo ala loved ae, loved ae ae

Those are the twelve most popular Jambi regional songs. Of course folk songs are one proof of the cultural richness of every region of Indonesia. Sinaumed’s can read books related to Jambi and other regional songs by visiting sinaumedia.com so you have #MoreWithReading information.

Most Popular Traditional Houses – Indonesia does not only have islands that are lined up, but it also contains ethnic and cultural wealth. One of the very popular cultural products is the traditional house in each region. From the ancestors, the houses in each tribe have been designed in such a way as to produce unique and exotic traditional houses.

Everything has been adapted to natural conditions and the local environment. Both the use of materials to the philosophy of every detail of the house. For those of you who are just getting to know a few, here will be presented pictures of the most popular and unique traditional houses in Indonesia.

Most Popular Traditional Houses and Pictures

Each traditional house is certainly equipped with various philosophical meanings that are trusted by the community. Because these houses were built with full trust and care.

Even the ornaments that adorn the house will have their own meaning. Likewise with the shape of the house and the division of space and its functions. Well, that’s all that makes this traditional house look so unique and popular in the community.

1. Picture of Gadang House from West Sumatra

The first image of an exotic and unique traditional house is the Gadang house. This one traditional house is the most popular residence in Minangkabau, West Sumatra. The main characteristic that makes it look very beautiful is the tapered shape of the roof, or commonly called gonjong. Not only as a place to live, Rumah Gadang is also widely used for traditional events or family gatherings.

The house with a rectangular shape has ornaments in the form of carvings which are usually made with root motifs. Because of the popularity of this house, nowadays you can also find gadang houses in Jakarta and its surroundings. But of course the traditional house has been built with various modifications.

As with the roof which was originally made of palm fiber, it will be modified with zinc or tile. If you want to enjoy the original Gadang house from Minangkabau, then you need to come to West Sumatra.

2. Picture of Bolon traditional house from North Sumatra

The second unique and popular traditional house is the Bolon house. The Bolon traditional house originates from North Sumatra, and consists of several types of traditional houses. There are Bolon Simalungun, Bolon Karo, Bolon Pakpak, Bolon Angkota houses, and so on.

In general, Bolon has a stilt house concept with pillars as high as 1.75 m. So when they want to enter the house, guests or owners must pass through the stairs. Where this ladder is always an odd number.
Apart from the concept of a stage with pillars, another feature of this Bolon house is on the walls which are definitely equipped with typical Simalungan ornaments. This type of ornament always wears black, red, and white. There is a separate meaning why this ornament is used. The community believes that the Simalungan ornament is a symbol of the cosmological and philosophical view of Batak culture.

3. Radakng Traditional House from West Kalimantan

Next is the Radakng House from West Kalimantan. This house is also often called the long house. It is called long because Radakng was built with a length of 180 meters and a width of 30 meters, then a height of about 5-8 meters. When you see this house, of course you will be amazed by its splendor.

This house is made with many supports and high. The stairs are also very wide, and there must be an odd number of them. The stairs are made of wood called Hejot. This house has a philosophy as a symbol of togetherness and tolerance.

Because here, there are hundreds of heads of families who can be accommodated and made them more tolerant of one another. No less unique than Radakng is the existence of six large pillars equipped with a perched replica of an ivory hornbill. That said, this bird is a symbol of the strength of the Dayak tribe from West Kalimantan.

4. Betang traditional house from Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan

Rumah Betang from Central Kalimantan is the next popular traditional house. The picture of this one traditional house is quite amazing, especially if you can visit there and see the Betang building firsthand.
This house is usually inhabited by the Dayak people who are upstream of the river. The house has a stilt concept, with a length of 30-150 meters, a width of 10-30 meters, and a height of 3-5 meters.

The architecture of the betang house is actually almost the same as the long house from West Kalimantan. It’s just that, for the length it is still far behind the long house. You also need to know that betang houses are built with special conditions.

Like when building a house, the upstream must be in the direction of the rising sun and the downstream in the direction of the setting sun. These conditions are at the same time a symbol of survival and hard work from sunrise to sunset. This is also based on the beliefs held by the Dayak people.

5. The Twin Falls Selaso Traditional House from Riau

The next popular traditional house image is the Selaso Falling Twins traditional house from Riau. This is one of the most famous Riau traditional houses. The name itself is taken from the building which has two halls. The hall on this stilt house will have a lower place when compared to the middle room. The place is usually used to conduct joint deliberations.

The hallmark of this house is its concept in the form of a stilt house with a pit. Then there will only be two partitions in the house, namely to separate the living room from the telo room or a place to store food.

There is no partition that separates the rooms or other rooms anymore. Then, just like other traditional houses, the Selaso Tembar Kembar house is also made of natural materials, thatched roof, and the wall, pillar and floor materials use various types of wood. Usually, what Riau people use is meranti wood, medang wood, or punak wood.

6. The Kajang Leko Stage Traditional House from Jambi

The sixth picture is the kajang leko traditional house on stilts originating from Jambi. The yellow color combined with red for this traditional house makes it look very charming. That is one of the uniqueness of this traditional house.

Another uniqueness is also in the mapping of the house which consists of eight rooms. First, the inner foyer which consists of the parents’ mimic room, the girls’ room, the dining room, also called the back room. The next uniqueness is on the roof which is named after the drunken elephant, according to the name of the designer. Then the shape is similar to a boat with a curved top end. On the ceiling is made a kind of ceiling to separate the attic from the space below. Well, it is in the attic that people usually store some household appliances or tools and other equipment.

7. Krong Bade traditional house from Aceh

The next that is quite unique and popular is the traditional house from Aceh, Krong Bade. The Acehnese do have good art. This is also stated in the creative process of making a house.

The average traditional house in Aceh uses the concept of a stilt house, including Krong Bade. The color combination on the entrance to Krong Bade’s house is also very beautiful. Unfortunately, this house which is commonly called rumoh Aceh is almost extinct.

When you want to enter the house, you have to use the stairs in front of the house. In accordance with customary provisions that are believed by the community, the number of these stairs must be an odd number. The main building material also uses natural materials, namely from selected wood.

Then there are also carvings or ornaments that are displayed in the house. When there are more decorations, this also indicates the higher social status of the homeowner. The roof of Krong Bade’s house is also still natural, namely from thatched leaves with a rectangular shape, from east to west.

8. Joglo house from Central Java

The eighth house is the Joglo house, which is spread all over Java. Starting from Central Java, East Java and West Java, all three have Joglo houses with their own characteristics.

In general, Joglo houses are built with a tapered roof like a mountain. This is believed to be a symbol of respect for the Javanese people for the mountain. Where they consider the mountain as a sacred place, because they believe, that’s where the gods live.

The Joglo house is also divided into several rooms, the pendopo as the living room, the pringgitan as the side room, the dalem or main room, and finally the senthong as a storage area. Joglo house is a simple house that is rich in philosophical meaning, especially for the Javanese.

Therefore, not a few people have adopted the Joglo house concept combined with various modern materials. So that it produces a beautiful Javanese residence, but still has a modern concept.
One that is also quite popular is the Joglo Situbondo house from East Java. There is a slight difference between the Joglo houses there and those in other Java. The Situbondo traditional house is in the form of a pyramid or dara geprek.

Then on the main door there is a decoration called makara or all the coils. Makara is the first gate to enter the Joglo Situbondo house. In addition to providing beauty, the meaning of decoration on makara is believed by the community to repel reinforcements. Then other decorations in the house are also used as a repellant to disaster.

9. Traditional Sundanese house from West Java

Furthermore, there are Sundanese houses originating from West Java. This traditional house uses a stage concept, but not too high like the traditional Kalimantan or Sumatran houses. Stairs made in Sundanese houses also tend to be short. The hallmark of this house is also on the roof. In Sunda, there are many types of roofs that can be used, namely jolopong, heuay rhinoceros, pongpok, jublek, kumureb boat, scissor apit, and other types.
Then the building structure was built with a saddle or village-style roof. The stage was made short. Natural materials are still widely used for Sundanese houses, such as palm fiber, palm leaves, or black palm fiber.

Then the walls are also made of bamboo. If you pay attention, Sundanese houses use a lot of materials from nature. This is a form of living in harmony with the natural surroundings. In addition, the construction of traditional houses is also adjusted to environmental conditions, so that every detail of the building has its own function.

10. Sasadu Traditional House from North Maluku

Next is the Sasadu traditional house from North Maluku. Sasadu comes from the word Sasa – Sela – Lamo which means big. Then, the word Tatadus-tadus which means shelter. From the meaning of the word, it can be interpreted that Sasadu means taking refuge in a big house. The shape of the house is quite large. The concept used is a stilt house with pillars from sago trees and the roof covering comes from woven sago tree leaves.

The uniqueness of this Sasadu traditional house is the absence of doors and closing walls. In addition, this house is also not installed with nails, but using wooden pegs. These wooden pegs are used to strengthen the connection and the palm fiber is used to tie the roof truss. The floor of this traditional house is made of cement, because maintenance can be done more easily. In addition, the Sasadu house is also equipped with a large flag as a pennant and a small flag or dayalo.

11. Traditional house in Loka from West Nusa Tenggara

The image of the eleventh traditional house is the Dalam Loka house which comes from NTB. This type of house is commonly used by people from the Sumbawa, Dompu, Sasak, and Dongu tribes. In the past, this traditional house was only reserved for kings and traditional heads. But over time, ordinary people may use and build houses in the Loka.

In Loka has its own uniqueness, which is located on the pillars to support the building which amount to 99. The number is not chosen arbitrarily. The number 99 symbolizes the nature of Allah SWT in Islamic teachings. Then, on the outside there will be decorations that need to be attached. The decorations include the palace garden, the bell holder, and also the gate. All of that was built based on public trust.

12. Mbaru Niang’s house from NTT

This time the traditional house comes from East Nusa Tenggara or NTT, more precisely on the island of Flores. Just from the front, this traditional house building looks unique. From the outside, you can see a conical house with a height of 15 meters. If you enter the house, there will be 5 floors in it. These five floors have their respective functions.

The ground floor is used as a residence, then the second floor is for storing food supplies and other important items or household equipment. Then on the third floor it is used as a place to store seeds of food crops, either rice or corn.

On the fourth floor, the people usually put food stocks in case of a drought. Finally, the fifth floor is used to place offerings as offerings for the ancestors. Uniquely, this Mbaru traditional house from East Nusa Tenggara has received the highest award in 2021 from UNESCO Asia Pacific.

Those were some pictures of the most popular and unique traditional houses in Indonesia. If you look at the pictures, these traditional houses look unique. Each region has its own characteristics. So, the philosophical meaning contained in every detail of the traditional house building is also in accordance with people’s beliefs.

Almost all animals that live in this world have natural powers that can protect themselves from enemy attacks, be it humans or other animals. This power can be in the form of sharp teeth, very strong energy, and also poison or it can come from the organs of the body. Many of us think that poison is the same as can. Even though they have similarities, basically poison and venom are two different things. Where poison is a substance that can irritate or kill by swallowing or absorbing it. While it can be poison that is in the bodies of animals such as snakes, bees, and also scorpions by injecting it into the bodies of humans or other animals. Whether it’s through the bite or sting of its tail.

Animals that have poison or can be one of the most dangerous types of animals in the world. This is because it is not uncommon for the poison and venom that is released to kill a human in just a short time. What are the most dangerous animals in the world? Let’s find the answer below.

List of the Most Dangerous Animals in the World

There are so many animals that have a funny appearance but actually harm other living things to the point where they can kill humans. In this world, it turns out that there are lots of animals that live side by side with humans. These animals are very dangerous to death. Never underestimate the animals below, including:

1. Box Jellyfish

This marine animal is often found floating or moving slowly in Indo-Pacific waters. It is an invertebrate that has a transparent body shape and can barely be seen. Where this animal is considered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as one of the most venomous marine animals in the world.

This box jellyfish contains up to 15 tentacles, each of which grows to be 10 feet long. All the tentacles on the jellyfish’s body are covered with thousands of stinging cells called nematocysts. These stinging cells contain toxins that can simultaneously attack the nervous system, heart, and skin cells.

The poison that was in it was very strong and extraordinary. So that many people become victims of his ferocity. Almost every year, many people experience shock, drown, and even die from heart failure as a result of being stung by this box jellyfish. If there are survivors, they usually have to undergo a long course of treatment, almost taking several weeks.

2. Vipers

One of the most dangerous animals in the world is the viper snake. Where this snake has scales that are shaped like saws and often lives in some areas that are deep, especially in areas with desert climates. Sometimes, they will camouflage naturally. So that it is often invisible to humans.

In addition, this type of snake will usually be active at night and often make hissing sounds as a form of self-defense. The sound comes from a behavior called stridulation, which is when the snake forms a coil and rubs its scales together. This viper snake is also very aggressive with twice the lethal dose in each bite.

3. Pufferfish

Pufferfish or also known as blowfish usually live in tropical seas around the world. Although they are the second most poisonous vertebrate animals in the world, they can also be said to be even more dangerous because their neurotoxins are found in fish skin, liver, muscle tissue, kidneys, and also gonads. All of which may not be consumed by humans.

Even if you meet this fish in the wild, of course it will still be dangerous. The risk of death from pufferfish is further increased when eaten in countries such as Japan. This fish is considered as one of the delicacies known as fugu and can only be prepared or cooked by a trained and officially licensed chef.

Tetrodotoxin is a substance that is 1,200 times more toxic than cyanide and can cause numbness of the lips and tongue, vomiting, dizziness, difficulty breathing, arrhythmias, muscle paralysis, and death.

4. Black Mamba

Even though species like the king cobra or boomslang are very dangerous because of the poison in their bodies, the black mamba is still more deadly because of its speed. This one species can grow up to 14 feet in length and is one of the fastest species of all snakes in the world. They will crawl at speeds reaching 12.5 miles per hour.

Fortunately, black mambas will generally attack when they feel threatened. However, when they do, they bite repeatedly and deliver enough venom in one bite, which can kill up to 10 people at once. If a person does not receive a correlative antivenom within 20 minutes, then the bite is almost 100 percent fatal because it can cause death.

5. Sydney Funnel-Web Spider

Several types of spiders show off their deadly power with very striking colors, but not the Sydney Funnel-Web Spider. This spider bite can cause death in just 30 minutes. Because, the atraxotoxin in the poison will cause the human nervous system to shorten. Meanwhile, this type of spider is very aggressive and its fangs can penetrate human fingernails. It can even penetrate human shoes because it is so sharp.

6. Saltwater Crocodile

The next most dangerous animal in the world is the saltwater crocodile. This ferocious killer can grow up to 23 feet in length. Then it can weigh more than a ton and is known to kill hundreds of people every year. This type of crocodile is very dangerous because they are reliable swimmers in saltwater or fresh water and can attack very quickly.

7. Tsetse fly

This fly is often considered the most dangerous fly in the world. This type of fly is commonly found in Sub-Saharan Africa, more so throughout the countries in the center of the continent. Meanwhile, this type of fly is a blood-sucking insect that generally eats for hours. Actually, the terror of these animals lies in the protozoa they spread. These parasites are known as Trypanosomes. This microscopic pathogen is a causative agent of African sleeping sickness, a disease characterized by both neurological symptoms and meningoencephalitis, as well as behavioral changes, poor coordination, and disturbances in the sleep cycle that give the disease its name.

If left untreated, this condition can be fatal. While there is no vaccine or medication that can prevent infection, methods of protection include wearing neutral-colored clothing, as this type of fly prefers dark colors, avoiding bushes during the day, and wearing permethrin-treated gear in very remote areas.

8. Mosquitoes

With a speed of just three millimeters at its smallest size, the common mosquito is even smaller than the tsetse fly, and is one of the world’s most dangerous animals. Several types of mosquitoes can also cause high mortality in humans every year. This type of insect, especially from the genera Aedes, Anopheles, and also Culex, is the main vector of diseases such as Chikungunya, malaria, encephalitis, elephantiasis, yellow fever, West Nile virus, dengue fever, and others.

These diseases collectively afflict approximately 700 million people and kill approximately 725,000 people each year. As noted by the World Health Organization or HO, more than half of the human population is currently at risk of contracting mosquito-borne diseases.

9. Golden Poison Dart Frog

This type of frog has a poison called batrachotoxin, which is a very strong poison that can kill ten adult men using only two micrograms of poison or the equivalent of a pinhead. However, what makes these amphibians so dangerous are their venom glands which are located under their skin. That way, with just a touch, one could run into some trouble. But unfortunately, the deforestation that has occurred has made this frog population dwindling and endangered.

10. African Honey Bees

African honey bees, also known as killer bees, are descended from African bees in the south which were imported from 1956 by Brazilian scientists. The scientists were trying to breed honey bees better adapted to tropical South America. Due to the overly defensive nature of the African honey bee, it is very easy for them to react to disturbances. This dangerous animal is very brutal in hurting its bullies including the sound and vibration from vehicles.

11. Synanceia fish

The most dangerous animal in the next world is a type of fish that has venom among all the fish that live in the sea. This Synanceia fish has a very deadly neurotoxin that can be very fatal for humans. The very deadly poison is along the thorns on its back. It is difficult to identify this fish, because it is considered to be very similar to the shape of a rock and also a mixture of sea sand. The venom from this fish can result in death if not treated immediately within two hours.

12. Freshwater Snail

Apparently, this type of slug carries parasitic worms. So that it can infect people with schistosomiasis. This disease can cause ongoing abdominal pain and sufferers can bleed through their feces or urine. The symptoms that occur depend on the area of ​​the body that is affected. According to the WHO, there are an estimated 20,000 to 200,000 deaths from schistosomiasis.

The purpose of law is indeed very important for the continuity of the social life of society. Law is a binding rule. And applies to all citizens, both the people and officials or the government.

For those who do not comply with the law, they must be subject to a penalty. These sanctions arise from legal norms. Legal norms are real and firm.

This action can be in the form of a fine with an adjusted nominal value. In addition, the sanction can also be in the form of imprisonment for a specified time. The purpose of law is basically to create security, justice and peace.

Through the existence of law, social life can run in an orderly and orderly manner. Therefore, the purpose of law is knowledge that is very necessary. This article will discuss the general purpose of law and 12 legal purposes according to experts.

Discussions on various new court cases/cases that illustrate the latest trends in the development of legal studies. More practice in building critical thinking skills with a variety of additional case/case questions and exercises at the end of the chapter.

1. General Purpose of Law

1. The rules that exist in the law have the aim of protecting a human interest. These interests are used to protect against hazards that might threaten human safety.
2. The law will regulate the relationship between human beings. The goal is to create an order. Through the law, it is expected to prevent the occurrence of a conflict between human beings.
3. The law must protect human interests. Interests referred to both individually and in groups. This is because humans are basically creatures who need protection. In addition, humans also have interests that must be protected from various threats around them.
4. The law must also embody a happiness. The greatest happiness for everyone. Not only provide a living. However, it also feeds abundantly, achieving a sense of togetherness and protection.
5. Law is a means to maintain and guarantee the creation of order.

2. Legal Purpose According to Experts

a. Aristotle

Aristotle explained that the purpose of law is to achieve justice. It means that it will give everyone what it really is. Aristotle’s opinion is known today as the Ethical theory.

As an expert, Aristotle said that the purpose of law is to achieve justice, meaning to give everyone what is due to them. The theory is now known as the ethical theory.

b. Roscoe Pounds

The expert who is well-known as the originator of the theory of “law as a tool to engineer society” or law as a tool of social engineering is Roscoe Pound. In addition to his famous theory, Roscoe Pound also expressed his opinion regarding the purpose of law. According to him, the purpose of law is to protect human interests.

The interests of humans are demands that must be protected. In addition, human interests must be fulfilled by humans in the field of law. There are several human interests in this matter, namely as follows:

1) Public interest or public interest

This public interest includes three things. First, the interests of the state as a legal entity. Second, the interests of the state as guardians. Third, the interests of society.

2) Community interests or social interests

The interests of this community include five things. First, the interest in the existence of peace and order. Second, protection from social institutions. Third, prevention of moral decline. Fourth, prevention of rights violations and finally social welfare.

3) Personal interests or private interests

This personal interest includes three things. First, matters relating to individual interests. Second, matters relating to the interests of the family. Third, matters relating to the interests of property rights.

3. Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant was an adherent of the school of natural law. Immanuel Kant said that the purpose of law is to protect human rights. In addition, the purpose of law is also to protect the freedom of its citizens.

According to Immanuel Kant, humans are creatures that have reason and can will freely. This makes the state have the duty to uphold the rights of its citizens. In addition, the state is also tasked with upholding the freedom of its citizens.

State and law have the same goal. The goal is to increase the prosperity of its people. When prosperity has occurred, people’s happiness will be obtained. Therefore, the prosperity and happiness of the people is the aim of the state and law.

4. LJ Van Apeldoorn

The purpose of law according to Van Apeldoorn is to regulate social life. So that social life becomes peaceful. According to him, law is something that wants peace.

This peace must be maintained. The way is to protect the interests of certain human laws, liberty, honor, life and property. Protection is intended to protect against parties who will harm him.

Law is the thing that will regulate order in society. The law will carry out the order in a fair and peaceful manner. In achieving the goals of the law, it is necessary to create a just society.

The way of its creation is to create balance. The balance between conflicting interests between one person and another. This is because there are often conflicts.

Individual interests often conflict with the interests of the group. This conflict of interest can later turn into a conflict. In fact, it can also lead to a war.

Based on that, the law must act as an intermediary. To maintain a peace. The way to do that is to weigh the conflicting interests. Consideration must be carried out carefully and strike a balance between the two.

5. Sudikno Mertokusumo

According to Sudikno Mertokusumo, the purpose of law is to create an orderly society. According to him, this is the main purpose of law. Through law, there must be order and balance in this life.

When order and balance exist in people’s lives, humans become protected. To achieve that goal, the law must be in charge. The law must divide rights and obligations.

Rights and duties among individuals in society must be shared. Like dividing between powers. As well as set how to solve a legal problem. In addition, to maintain legal certainty.

6.Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes also expressed his opinion regarding the purpose of law. Thomas Hobbes’ view of law is a basic need. These needs are used for the security of each individual.

Law can also be used as an important tool. Through law, a safe society can be created. In addition, the creation of a peace in the midst of wild people who prey on each other.

7.Jerome Frank

One expert who also expressed his opinion regarding the purpose of law is Jerome Frank. The purpose of law according to Jerome Frank is to make the law more responsive. The goal is to social needs.

8.Jeremy Bentham

Jeremy Bentham is a follower of Utilitarianism. Therefore, Jeremy Bentham is of the view that the purpose of law is solely for things that benefit many people. However, often what is beneficial to one person can actually be detrimental to another.

So according to the flow of Utilitarianism, the purpose of law is to guarantee happiness. There is as much happiness as possible for as many people as possible or it can be called the greatest happiness of the greatest number .

This opinion from Jeremy Bentham focuses on useful things. This useful thing must apply to many people. However, this opinion does not pay attention to the value of justice.

9. Subekti

An expert named Subekti also stated his opinion. His opinion is in line with the views of Jeremy Bentham. According to Subekti, the purpose of law is to serve a state goal.

The goal in essence is to bring happiness and prosperity to its people. In achieving this goal, the law must organize an order and justice. Justice is something that can be described as a balance.

This balance will bring peace to someone’s day. When violated or disturbed, it will cause a shock and anxiety. Justice will suit everyone equally.

In addition, justice also requires a person to receive an equal share. Therefore, the law must be able to find a balance. The balance in question is between various conflicting interests.

When this is done, justice will be obtained. The law must also find a balance. The balance between the demands for justice in question, and the demands for legal certainty or order.

10. Van Kan

The purpose of law according to Van Kan is to safeguard the interests of every human being. This is so that these interests will not be disturbed. According to Van Kan, norms or a rule will be able to protect the interests of people in society.

These rules or norms are like religious norms, norms of decency and norms of decency. In this case, the law will carry out its roles.

11. Gene

According to Geny, the purpose of law is solely for justice. The contents or matters contained in the law are determined by the element of a human being’s belief. The element is about what is considered ethical.

like whether something is called fair or not and right or not. These things depend on the inner side of a human being. The ethical awareness that exists in every human being will be used as a measure. This measure determines the color of truth and justice.

12. Mochtar Kusumaatmadja

According to Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, the purpose of law is to create order. This will be the basis for creating a social structure that tends to be orderly. Apart from that, another purpose of law is to create justice that is in accordance with society and the times.

That’s a review of the general purpose of law and 12 legal purposes according to experts. Find more information at www.sinaumedia.com. sinaumedia as #FriendsWithoutLimits will always present interesting articles and recommendations for the best books for Sinaumed’s.

Author: Wida Kurniasih

Source: from various sources

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

Heroes from Sumatra – Sumatra is the name of one of the islands in Indonesia which is also the sixth largest island in the world with an area of ​​443,065.8 square kilometers. Sumatra is also known as Percha Island, Andalas, or Suwarnadwipa which means Golden Island. Sumatra has a very big role in the history of Indonesian independence.

Lots of freedom fighters from Sumatra also contributed to liberating Indonesia from the clutches of the colonialists to achieve the proclamation of independence, also many of them continued the post-independence struggle.

Currently, the island of Sumatra is divided into 10 provinces namely Nangroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra, Riau, Riau Islands, Jambi, West Sumatra, South Sumatra, Bangka Belitung, Bengkulu and Lampung. The following are the names of national heroes from Sumatra along with their short biographies.

1. Sisingamangaraja XII

The king who came from North Sumatra was declared a national hero on November 9, 1961. He is a very popular leader in the Batak community. King Sisingamaraja XXI began to rule in 1876 and replaced his father who had the title Sisingamangaraja XI.

His coronation as the 12th King was carried out at the same time as the Dutch entered North Sumatra, which then attempted to monopolize trade in the Bakkara area. This Dutch attack then triggered a war that lasted for tens of years. After Bakkara fell into the hands of the Dutch, Sisingamangaraja XII was finally shot dead by the Dutch in the Dairi area.

2. Tuanku Imam Bonjol

The real name of this figure who is very famous as a national hero from Sumatra is Muhammad Shahab. He is also known by the names Malim Basa and Peto Syarif. He was born in Bonjol, Pasaman in 1772 and died on 6 November 1864 in Lotak, Pineleng, Minahasa. His family comes from Sungai Rimbang, Suliki, Limapupuh Koto.

He is a leader in the history of the very popular Padri War (1803-1838). However, Tuanku Imam Bonjol was arrested by the Dutch and then exiled to various places of exile in Indonesia. The title of national hero was assigned by the Indonesian government to him since November 6, 1973.

3. Mohammad Hatta

He was the proclamator of Indonesian independence who accompanied Ir. Soekarno as his deputy to become Indonesia’s first post-independence president. Mohammad Hatta was born on August 12, 1902 at Fort de Kock, Bukittinggi. His father’s name is Muhammad Djamil and his mother’s name is Siti Saleha. He is a national hero who comes from West Sumatra.

Mohammad Hatta is also a very reliable economist and is also known today as the Father of Indonesian Cooperatives. He loved to read, even when he was in exile he always took his books with him wherever he went.

4. Tuanku Tambusai

The next national hero from Sumatra is the Padri Tiger from Rokan, who is more popularly known as Tuanku Tambusai. He came from Riau, was born in Rokan Hulu on November 5, 1784, and fought in the Rokan Hulu area and its surroundings for up to 15 years against Dutch colonialism.

5. Raja Ali Haji (RAH)

Raja Ali Haji is a national hero who comes from Riau and is known as the Father of the Indonesian Language. He is famous through his literary work entitled Gurindam Dua Belas. The title of national hero was conferred by the Indonesian government, namely President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on 10 November 2004.

Raja Ali Haji was born in 1808 in Selangor, he was the son of Raja Ahmad and the grandson of Raja Haji Fisabilillah, also the brother of Raja Lumu, the first sultan of Selangor. He is also a descendant of Bugis warriors who came to Riau in the 16th century. He got knowledge of languages ​​in 1822 when he followed his father to the Batavia area, then studied Arabic and religion in the city of Mecca in 1828.

In 1845, Raja Ali Haji became a religious advisor to the Riau Lingga Sultanate and was very productive in his work in the fields of literature, education and culture. Gurindam Dua Belas was written in 1846 and published by E.Netscher in 1854. Bustan al-Kathibin, his next work, was written in 1857 in Batavia. The Book of Knowledge of Languages ​​written by him became a reference for the Malay language, namely the Johor Pahang Riau Lingga Malay Loghat Dictionary.

The Johor Pahang Riau Lingga Malay Loghat Dictionary was the first language dictionary in Indonesia at that time and was designated as a guide for Indonesian at the Youth Congress on 28 October 1928. He died between 1872-1873 and was buried at the Engku Putri Raja Hamidah cemetery.

6. Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II

Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II was born in Palembang in 1767 and died in Ternate on September 26, 1852. He was the leader of the Palembang Darussalam Sultanate which ruled for two periods namely 1803–1813 and 1818–1821. Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II ruled after his father, Sultan Muhammad Bahauddin (1776-1803) died.

Having a nickname namely Raden Hasan Prince Ratu, he several times became a leader in the battle against British and Dutch colonialism. One of the most famous is the Menteng War. Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II was arrested on 14 July 1821 when the Dutch controlled Palembang and he was exiled to Ternate. The title of national hero was awarded by the Indonesian government on October 29, 1984.

7.AM Talib

A,M Thalib is an Indonesian military figure who was born in Palembang, February 23, 1922 until he died in Jakarta on June 17, 2000. Apart from being a military figure, he was a journalist and also an entrepreneur. AM Talib together with the people and fighters of South Sumatra took up arms against the Dutch troops who were carrying out a military aggression in 1949.

At that time he and the military ranks of South Sumatra carried out the scorched earth movement. The scorched earth movement meant that all facilities that could be utilized by the Dutch would be completely destroyed, including buildings, roads, bridges, and even gardens.

In addition, he also rejected the Bull Council’s invitation to cut ties with the central government in Jakarta. After independence, AM Talib was often involved in the political and social fields of government.

8. Raden Inten II

Raden Inten II is a national hero who comes from Sumatra. He was born in Negara Ratu, Lampung in 1834 and died on October 5, 1856 at the age of 22. Raden Inten II is the King of the Queen’s Country which today is known as Lampung Province.

9. Depati Amir

Depati Amir is a national hero from Sumatra, a heroic Bangka warrior, and known as a war strategist against Dutch colonialism. The coronation of Depati Amir as a national hero was carried out recently, namely in 2018.

Depati Amir was the son of Depati Bahrin, and was recorded as participating against the Dutch during 1820 – 1828 together with Depati Hamzah, his brother who was under their father’s command. He left the post of depati given by the Dutch and chose to do the guerrilla warfare in the forests of Bangka Belitung with the aim of opposing the monopoly of the tin trade which was distorted and tormented the people. He also crushed pirates in the waters of Bangka Island along with 30 of his followers. Depati Amir was then caught and exiled to East Nusa Tenggara.

10. Fatmawati

Fatmawati is a woman with the title of national hero who comes from Sumatra, Bengkulu to be precise and is one of the wives of Ir. Soekarno, the first President of the Republic of Indonesia. He was born in Bengkulu on February 5, 1923 and died in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia at the age of 57.

Fatmawati was the first lady of the country from 1945 to 1967 and is well known for her services, namely sewing the Red and White flag that was hoisted at the Proclamation of Independence ceremony on 17 August 1945. The Indonesian government gave the title of national heroine to women on 4 November 2000.

11. Cut Nyak Dien

Cut Nyak Dhien was born in Lampadang, Kingdom of Aceh, 1848 and died in Sumedang, West Java, 6 November 1908; he was buried in Mount Quail, Sumedang. Cut Nyak Dhien is an Indonesian National Hero who comes from Aceh and fought against the Dutch during the Aceh War. After the VI Mukim region was attacked, she fled, while her husband Ibrahim Lamnga continued the battle against the Dutch. The death of Ibrahim Lamnga at Gle Tarum on June 29, 1878, finally brought Cut Nyak Dhien further in his resistance against the Dutch.

In 1880, Cut Nyak Dhien married Teuku Umar, after he had previously been promised to be able to go down on the battlefield if he accepted the proposal. From this marriage, Cut Nyak Dhien was blessed with a child named Cut Gambang. After his marriage to Teuku Umar, Cut Nyak Dhien and Teuku Umar fought together against the Dutch. However, on February 11, 1899 Teuku Umar died.

The death of Teuku Umar made Cut Nyak Dhien fight alone in the interior of Meulaboh with his small army. Cut Nyak Dien’s age, which at that time was relatively old and his body condition which was attacked by various diseases such as gout and nearsightedness, made one of his troops named Pang Laot report his whereabouts out of compassion.

Cut Nyak Dhien was eventually arrested and taken to Banda Aceh. There, he was treated and his illness began to improve. The existence of Cut Nyak Dhien, who was considered by the Dutch to still have a strong influence on the resistance of the Acehnese people and his relationship with the Acehnese warriors who had not been caught, made him then be exiled to the Sumedang area. Cut Nyak Dhien finally died on November 6, 1908 and was buried in the Mount Quail area, Sumedang. The current name of Cut Nyak Dhien is enshrined as Cut Nyak Dhien Nagan Raya Airport in Meulaboh.

12. Sultan Thaha Syaifuddin

Sultan Thaha Saifuddin was born in Tanah Choose, Sultanate of Jambi, 1816 and died in Betung Bedarah, Tebo, 26 April 1904. He was the last sultan of the Sultanate of Jambi in 1855 and is also a National Hero of Indonesia. He was born at the Tanah Choose Palace in Jambi in mid-1816. As a child, he was often called Raden Thaha Ningrat and behaved like a humble nobleman and liked to mingle with ordinary people.

During the battle on the Aro River, the traces of Sultan Thaha were no longer known by the general public, except for his aides who were very close. Sultan Thaha Syaifuddin died on 26 April 1904. He was buried in Muara Tebo, Jambi. His name is immortalized as Sultan Thaha Airport in Jambi City and is used as the name of one of the universities in Jambi, UIN Sultan Thaha Saifuddin.

• 17 Indonesian Women National Heroes
• Get to know the Traditional Weapons of West Sumatra
• List of Indonesian National Heroes 
• 6 Very Inspiring Heroes of Independence
• List of Revolutionary Heroes and Their Short Profiles

Galaxy Name – Basically, the planet Earth that we live in is one of several planets in a solar system. Within the solar system, there are not only planets including the earth, but also satellites, meteors, comets, and even asteroids which all turn out to be just one of millions of stars that are members of a galaxy group. Then, that means we live in a galaxy? Yep, that’s right.

In this entire universe, there is not just one galaxy, you know… Instead, there are a great number of galaxies, it’s just that our knowledge is still limited and we only know about hundreds. Even so, human science is still cool until now because it can know the names of galaxies!

Then actually, what is the galaxy? What are the names of galaxies in this universe? What is the theory about the process of forming a galaxy, which of course is different from the process of forming the solar system?

So, so that Sinaumed’s understands this, let’s look at the following review!

What is a Galaxy?

What does Sinaumed’s think of when he hears the term “Galaxy?” Do you immediately think of a collection of stars shining white and forming a spiral? If so, Sinaumed’s’ thinking is not completely wrong.

The galaxy is a star system that has a very large size, composed of countless stars. Usually, these stars can also be single stars or star clusters, then there are also planets, clusters, nebulae, asteroids, comets, gas, to cosmic dust. Please note that this planet Earth is not a type of star, because it does not have the ability to emit its own light.

Well, Sinaumed’s must also know that the sun is the center of our solar system. The sun and other planets, including the earth, rotate to follow an orbit or orbit in a galaxy. The galaxy is called the Milky Way Galaxy or the Milky Way Galaxy. So it can be concluded that all humans who live on planet Earth are in the Milky Way Galaxy.

The galaxies that exist throughout the universe consist of billions of stars and celestial bodies, each of which has a variety of types, some in the form of red and white stars. The distance between one star and another is very far, so the universe will appear “empty”. However, there are also several tens of thousands of stars that seem to be “close together” around a center, so that when seen it looks like fog.

Galactic Characteristics

Many people cannot tell the difference between a galaxy and a cosmic fog or an ordinary nebula. Well, here are some of the characteristics of the galaxy.

• A galaxy has its own light and its light is not a reflection (fluorescence). In addition, the light will later provide an absorption spectrum indicating that the illuminating object is a solid object surrounded by certain gases.
• A galaxy has a special shape in which there is a luminous core in the center, so it is easily recognized.
• A galaxy that will be seen outside the path of the Kali Serayu star, no matter how far it is from the sun.

Types of Galaxies

When viewed from their shape, the galaxies found throughout the universe can be classified into several types, viz.

1. Spiral Galaxy

This type of galaxy is the most commonly known to people, because most galaxies have that shape. In galaxies of this type, the main parts are called the bulge and halo. The bulge is the bulge and solid part of the center of the galaxy. Well, in our galaxy, namely the Milky Way, the center of the galaxy is in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, but our eyes cannot see it directly. While the halo is part of the spiral arms.

Generally, spiral galaxies consist of a vortex of stars and the interstellar medium in the form of a center line or the center of the galaxy which has very old stars. The stars in this galaxy also consist of young stars and old stars.

Due to its spiral shape, this type of galaxy will rotate at a very much greater speed, when compared to an elliptical type of galaxy. The speed of its rotation can even cause this galaxy to become flat and form a galactic plane. The size of the rotation speed depends on the mass of the galaxy, so not all spiral galaxies have the same rotation speed. Examples of spiral-type galaxies are M31 (Andromeda), M33 (Triangulum), and M51 (Whirlpool).

2. Elliptical Galaxy

The shape of this type of galaxy varies, ranging from almost round like ellipsoidal to almost flat. An elliptical galaxy is a type of galaxy that is thought to have an ellipsoid shape and looks soft, because of the bright light in the interstellar, so that almost the entire shape seems flat and bright. The various shapes in this type of galaxy can, of course, affect the number of stars in it.

This classification of galaxies was initiated by Edwin Hubble in the Hubble classification scheme. Examples of this type of galaxy are M32, M49 and M59.

3. Irregular Galaxy

This type of galaxy is so called because it is neither spiral nor elliptical, but has a variety of shapes. There are some that are called Dwarf Galaxy because of their smaller shape compared to galaxies in general, for example is M110. . Some of the others are called Ring Galaxy because they are shaped like a ring with the center as the center, for example, the Hong Object. There is also what is called the Lenticular Galaxy because its shape is a combination of spiral and elliptic types, for example NGC 5866 HG.

Galaxies that don’t have a special shape usually contain interstellar material consisting of gas and dust, but still have young stars and old stars. Another example of this type of galaxy is the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Large Magellanic Cloud which are located near our galaxy , you know , with a distance of about 180,000 light years from the Milky Way Galaxy.

Names of Galaxies in the Universe

1. The Milky Way Galaxy

This spiral galaxy is where we live with other humans on planet Earth. Yep, just like other galaxies, the Milky Way Galaxy is of course composed of billions of stars, cosmic fog, dust, and cosmic gases which are not evenly distributed. We can even see the collection of stars in this galaxy with the naked eye , especially at night. The center of the Milky Way galaxy is a very bright region, shrouded in dusty mist, and is usually visible only in radio (infrared) waves. Around this center there will be stars and stellar material stretching out to form a plate, about 80,000 light-years in diameter.

2. Andromeda Galaxy (M31)

Another galaxy that is often known by the general public is the Andromeda Galaxy, because it can be seen directly without binoculars. The Andromeda Galaxy is also the same as our galaxy, which is both spiral-shaped and the distance between the two is about 2.5 million light years. Another name for the Andromeda Galaxy is Messier 31 (M.31). Messier is the name of an astronomer from France who first recorded this galaxy while investigating the existence of galaxies in the universe.

3. The Large Magellanic and Small Magellanic Galaxies

Both of these galaxies are in the southern hemisphere, approximately 150,000 light years from the Milky Way galaxy. The adjacent shapes are often thought of as satellites of our galaxy. His second name, Magellan, was taken from its discoverer, Ferdinand Magellan, an astronomer from Portugal.

Since this galaxy often orbits around the Milky Way galaxy, many people think that the two galaxies are part of our galaxy system, even though they are not …

4. Sombrero Galaxy

The shape of this galaxy is a spiral and looks like a sombrero hat, hence the name. The other name for the Sombrero Galaxy is Messier 104 (M104), which is located about 28 million light years from our galaxy. The core of this galaxy is very bright, namely at the center of its large bulge and surrounded by dust in the center.

The large bulge is thought to be the center of a supermassive black hole, while its dust lane is of great interest to professional astronomers.

5. The Rose Galaxy (Arp 273)

This galaxy is called that because it looks like a rose and is in the constellation Andromeda. Actually, The Rose galaxy consists of 2 galaxies, namely UGC 1810 and UGC 1813. UGC 1810 is large and has a disc that forms a rose-like shape. Then UGC 1810 which is under UGC 1810 is smaller and even shows different signs from the process of active star formation in general.

6. Sculptor’s Galaxy (NGC 253)

The NGC 253 galaxy is spiral-shaped and is known as the brightest and dimmest galaxy. Located in the southern Sculptor constellation at a distance of about 8 million light years. The Sculptor’s Galaxy has a lot of dust, and dust cells can often be seen rising from the disk of the galaxy.

7. Black Eye Galaxy (M64)

So called because this galaxy has a spectacular dark band in absorbing dust that is in front of the galaxy’s bright core. The dark bands are thought to have formed as a result of collisions with other galaxies. Similar to the Sombrero Galaxy, this galaxy was also discovered by Charles Messier, an astronomer from France.

8. Blue Pinwheel Galaxy

As the name implies, this galaxy has a round shape like a wheel with a blue color. This galaxy is about 2 million light years away from our galaxy. Since this galaxy is a close neighbor of the Milky Way galaxy, its members can even be easily seen by humans on earth, either using binoculars or special binoculars.

9. Cartwheel Galaxy

It has a very unique shape, similar to the wheels on a lined cart, and measures about 150,000 light-years across. This Cartwheel galaxy has a very bright center, with a dusting grate and thin gas radiating toward the surrounding ring of stars.

If from Earth, it is about 500 million light years away, which is in the Sculptor constellation. Its unique shape is thought to have occurred due to a direct cosmic collision millions of years ago.

10. Sunflower Galaxy

The shape of the appearance is almost like a sunflower and has another name Messier 63 (M63). Similar to the Sombrero and Black Eye galaxies, this galaxy was also discovered by Charles Messier in 1781. Since its shape is a spiral with many arms, it will look like a sunflower pattern.

If from Earth, then the distance is about 27 million light years, which is in the constellation Canes Venatici. The bright light that often illuminates this galaxy was actually produced by a blue-white giant star that formed recently.

11. The Ursa Major Galaxy

Another name for this galaxy is the Big Dipper Galaxy. The existence of this galaxy turns out to be very beneficial for humans on earth, especially sailors who use it as a benchmark when sailing tonight. Not only that, the Ursa Major Galaxy is also popular among farmers, because at its appearance it is often seen as a marker of the start of the time of the name rice, especially in Javanese society who know it as Lintang Kartika .

At a glance, this galaxy appears to have a very bright star tip so of course it can be used as a benchmark when sailing. The number of stars in this galaxy is 6, it can even be seen in the sky at the North Pole.

12. Whirlpool Galaxy (M51)

Its appearance appears to resemble a whirlpool, which occurs due to gravitational disturbances in the universe. If Sinaumed’s saw the stars in the sky using binoculars, it would be easy to find this galaxy. The Whirlpool Galaxy, aka M51, is often an easy target for astronomers in their attempts to study the structure and spiral arms of the galaxy.

Theory of the Formation of Galaxies

There are two main theories about how a galaxy formed, namely:

1. Chaotic Group Theory

Opinion in this theory put forward by a group of modern cosmological scholars, who believe that the formation of galaxies is related to the Big Bang Theory in the process of formation of the universe. If we look back at what the Big Bang theory is, which is the theory that the universe originated from a great explosion that was able to throw all objects in all directions. So, gradually, the objects that were thrown formed a galaxy.

2. Quiescent Group Theory

The opinion in this theory was put forward by a group of cosmological scholars who believed that the universe actually has a small number of inhomogeneous conditions, so that it will gradually develop to form galaxies.

But until now, no astronomer has a definite theory of how the process of forming galaxies. Although the two theories of opinion have their respective advantages, it is not concretely certain which theory is correct.

Well, that’s a review of the names of galaxies in this universe. In fact, there are still many galaxies scattered throughout the universe. If Sinaumed’s is interested in studying them, you can do this by reading an astronomy book, right?

Also Read!

• What is the Multiverse?
• Get to know the Nebula Theory in the Formation of the Solar System
• Theory of Earth Formation
• Who Invented the Telescope?
• Get to know the Planetesimal Theory as the Theory of Planet Formation 
• Various Theories of the Formation of the Solar System
• Get to know what the theory of relativity is and its benefits
• Order of the Planets in the Solar System
• Astronomy Department Job Prospects
• Solar System Structure and Unique Facts
• Get to know the Structure of the Earth’s Layers

Packaging Function – There are many ways that we can do as entrepreneurs in marketing our products to make them more widely known. One of them is by utilizing product packaging. Even though it looks simple, the role and function of product packaging is very important for our business.

This is because product packaging is the first thing customers or consumers see. Therefore, business owners should pay attention to product packaging. Then, what exactly is meant by product packaging? Check out the full review in this Sinaumed’s article.

Product Packaging Function

Then, what are the functions of product packaging that business owners need to know? Come on, see Sinaumed’s.

1. As a brand identity

One of the functions of product packaging is as a brand identity. Packaging is the first focus that is seen by customers. Through packaging, customers can differentiate our brand from other brands.

Why is a packaging known as a brand identity? This is because in a package there are colors, sizes, shapes, and fonts. These elements make our brand look different from other brands. Packaging can be a means of communicating our brand to customers.

2. Preserve and protect the product

Sometimes there is a product that is not resistant to certain environmental conditions such as temperature or weather. Thus, the product will be susceptible to bacteria and microbes when it is in a place that is too cold, hot or humid.

Therefore, making good packaging is very necessary to protect the products that are sold and will be used by customers later. For example, products that are sold are made of leather. If it is not packaged properly, it will be susceptible to mold, especially during the humid rainy season.

Those are several manufacturers of leather products that pack their products by adding chemicals such as silica gel. The goal is to keep the temperature of the packaging dry, so that the product inside is also durable.

3. Facilitate distribution

As entrepreneurs, we certainly cannot work alone to distribute and market our products until they reach our customers. So, in this process requires another party or distributor. When the goods are at the product distributor, they will be carefully examined before being distributed back to shops, resellers, dropshippers and direct customers.

If the product is packaged properly, this will have an impact on the speed of distribution of goods and increase efficiency. In other words, packaging must be easy to carry, lift and rearrange both when it is in the warehouse, the distribution process until it reaches the recipient or customer.

4. As a promotional media

No matter how good the quality of our products is, it will be useless if no one knows about it. So, this is where promotion plays a big role in introducing our product. One of the functions of product packaging is as a promotional medium.

So, why do we need to design packaging as attractive as possible. That way, even though previously customers or consumers have never known our products, but because we package them in unique packaging, they will also be interested in trying again. From here, customers will know the quality of our products.

5. Provide information

Apart from being a promotion, the function of product packaging can also be a means of providing information to customers about the product. We as entrepreneurs or brand owners need to explain in detail about the product to be sold by including information on the packaging. For example regarding product composition, net weight, superiority to expiration date.

For special products such as medicines, it is also important to include other information. For example regarding presentation, recipes, side effects to official permits from official state institutions regarding product certification such as MUI, BPOM and so on. That way, customers feel more secure and comfortable using the product.

6. Increase efficiency

Efficiency is a consideration of product packaging. Storing goods with large enough packaging will certainly take up space, time and money. As an entrepreneur or brand owner, you should pay attention to the size and shape of our product packaging.

The more concise the packaging used, the more efficient the production costs. However, try not to override the quality of the packaging so that the product contents can be properly maintained.

7. Be the attractiveness of the product

Product packaging is also known as the attractiveness of a product itself, especially if the packaging is made with an attractive design. Usually, what makes the package attractive besides design, color and legible font size is using an endorsement service.

Endorsements brought by a public figure during promotions can also be a special attraction. If this is done repeatedly, people will associate the product or packaging with the public figure and be interested in buying it. However, if we want to use this strategy, of course, it will also require a large amount of money.

8. Offer different values

You could say the function of this product packaging is like a piece of clothing. Clothing that makes a person different and has character when worn. This also applies to a product.

Just compare a product that is sold without attractive packaging or doesn’t even use it at all, of course there will be something missing and makes the product not look at customers no matter how good the quality is.

So, don’t be surprised if packaging can provide a separate value for the product being sold. The better the product packaging, both in terms of design and quality, the selling value to customers or consumers will also increase. They will also consider buying it because they are sure of the quality of the product.

9. Provide guarantees for the contents of the product

Packaging on a product also functions to provide security and comfort guarantees, especially regarding the contents of the product. This is very important for companies, brands and manufacturers so that customers get good products that meet their expectations.

So, the product will not be damaged during the shipping process and will remain in good condition when it is received by the customer.

Especially for products that are fragile and prone to damage, for example, food. Because, food sometimes can not stand under certain conditions. Good packaging also ensures that the taste remains good when consumed and does not change, including the texture of the product contents.

10. Advise customers of disposal methods

Disposal of product packaging is still considered a trivial matter by most people. However, as an entrepreneur it is important for us to pay attention to the procedures for disposing of this packaging. Especially now that campaigns are rife to protect the environment from non-biodegradable waste, one of which is product packaging.

This is where it is important for us to tell customers how to dispose of packaging. Apart from being a function of product packaging, if we include these elements at least it also contributes to environmental sustainability and added value for the brand.

Customers will judge that our brand really cares about nature. In addition, it will also remind the popularity of the brand and make it a little different from others with innovations that are beneficial to the environment.

11. Creating customer demand

Did Sinaumed’s know that the function of product packaging can also be a means of creating customer demand? This strategy is played by the world’s big brands. They create packages that attract customers to buy the products offered. Customers not only enjoy the contents of the product, but also make the packaging a special collection.

Moreover, if the packaging is for certain editions, this will add value to the collection. For example, fast food companies such as McDonald’s present special edition BTS products and sell well.

The packaging is also a target for collectors, especially for BTS fans. From this packaging, various requests emerged from customers for this fast food company to issue other special edition packages that are no less unique.

12. Provide convenience to customers

The next product function is to provide convenience for customers. Convenience here includes many aspects, both the convenience of the product when used or consumed as well as the convenience aspect when moving the product to another place. For example when shipping products from producers to consumers.

Manufacturers or distributors ensure that the goods are in good condition and not damaged. Packaging that is strong and not easily damaged will help the transfer process to be faster, easier and safer.

That way, manufacturers and distributors can cut unexpected costs or reduce waste. Besides being safe, make sure the packaging used is easy for customers to carry later.

Definition of Product Packaging

Product packaging in general as a container or wrapper that has a function to prevent or minimize damage to the packaged product. In addition, there are also those who argue that product packaging is a product wrapping material that has the function of accommodating, protecting, identifying and promoting the product.

In this case, the function of packaging is not only useful for protecting products, but also as a marketing tool and building brand identity to increase sales. Packaging has a meaning as a coordinated system in terms of preparing goods for distribution, warehousing, logistics, end users and sales.

That is, packaging is a form of activity to provide a container or wrapper for a product. In the implementation process, there are activities to protect, preserve, transport, provide information and sell a product.

So, the main purpose of providing packaging for products is to protect and prevent damage to the products being sold. In addition, packaging is also useful as a means of good information and marketing by creating a creative packaging design, so it will look more attractive and easy to remember by consumers or customers.

Understanding Product Packaging According to Experts

1. Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong

Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong argue that product packaging is one of the activities that includes design and product, so that the packaging on the product can function properly and the product inside is also protected.

2. D. Rodriguez

According to D. Rodriguez, product packaging is a container that is able to change the condition of food ingredients with the addition of active compounds, so as to extend the life.

Benefits and Purpose of Product Packaging

The product packaging itself certainly has quite a lot of benefits and purposes. The following are the benefits and purposes of product packaging.

1. Physical production

Physical production is the manufacture of a product packaging with the aim of protecting it from climate, vibration, shock, pressure and other factors that can damage the product.

2. Barrier protection

In this case, the installation of product packaging aims to protect the product from the barriers of oxygen, steam, water, dust and others.

3. Containment of agglomeration

Packaging also aims to group products, so that the handling and distribution process will be more efficient.

4. Information transmission

The packaging also usually states how to use it for transportation, recycling or how to dispose of the packaging.

5. Reducing theft

Provision of product packaging also aims to prevent acts of theft by looking at the physical damage on the packaging.

6. Convenience

Packaging is one of the features that can improve convenience, distribution, handling, selling, display, opening, closing, use and others.

7. Marketing

Attractive designs and labels on packaging can be used by marketers to increase consumer buying interest.

Type of Product Packaging

Basically, there are three categories in product packaging which are divided based on content, frequency, and level of readiness. Here’s the full explanation.

1. Based on the content structure

Types of packaging based on the structure of the contents are divided into 3 main types, namely:

a. Primary Packaging

Primary packaging is material that is processed into direct containers for food ingredients, such as milk cans, drinking bottles, and others.

b. Secondary Packaging

Secondary packaging is a container that has a function in terms of providing protection to other packaging groups, such as cardboard boxes, wooden crates, and others.

c. Tertiary Packaging

Tertiary packaging is a packaging that can be used to protect products during the shipping process.

2. Based on the frequency of use

There are several types based on the frequency of use, including:

a. Disposable Packaging

Disposable packaging is packaging that is only used once and is immediately disposed of, such as plastic packaging, banana leaf packaging and others.

b. Multi Trip Package

Multi-trip packaging is product packaging that can be used many times by consumers and can be returned to the selling agent for reuse, such as gallons of drinking water, glass bottles of sauce and others.

c. Semi Disposable Packaging

Semi-disposable packaging is packaging that is not thrown away because it can be used again by consumers, for example biscuit tins or syrup glass bottles.

3. Based on the level of readiness to use

Based on the level of readiness for use, product packaging is divided into two types, namely:

a. Ready-to-use packaging

Ready-to-use packaging is product packaging that is ready to be filled and has a perfect shape since it was first produced. For example bottles, cans and others.

b. Ready-Assembled Packaging

Ready-to-assemble packaging is product packaging that requires re-assembly before being filled with products. For example plastic, packaging paper, aluminum foil, and others.

Tips for Making Attractive Packaging

1. Create a unique packaging design

One of the most important things in forming packaging is that we have to design the packaging to be more unique, innovative and also different from other products. By creating unique packaging, consumer interest in buying products will also increase.

2. Packaging design according to the target market

In designing product packaging, try to match the target market. If the target market is those who are only 5-12 years old, then in making product packaging add characters or cartoon images that are liked by children.

3. Make packaging with several sizes

If the product we are selling is a relatively new product, then try to make product packaging in various sizes such as small, medium and large. Consumers will be more inclined to buy smaller packages in buying new products.

4. Include complete product information

Try to include information on each package. As for examples of complete product information, such as product composition, type, method of consumption to expiration date. Make information clear, to the point and concise.

Closing

So, that’s the function of product packaging that is important for entrepreneurs to know. Here, we need to be consistent and dare to try creative ideas to be applied to product packaging. However, when making it, we also have to know market trends and what customers need. When the new packaging is ready to be launched, then do a promo so that the public will know more about it.

If Sinaumed’s is still confused, still needs references regarding the complete packaging function, you can visit the sinaumedia book collection at sinaumedia.com . I hope this article inspires you!

Mocktails are – Who doesn’t love a tropical drink? The mix between pineapple soda and fresh coconut water coupled with lemon and strawberry juice is guaranteed to be the most delicious mocktail recipe to drink on hot days or even Saturday nights. For this delicious mocktail recipe, you can also choose between adding more sugar syrup or not.

Even so, there are still many people who think that to drink mocktails, you have to come to a restaurant or cafe first. However, in fact, you can make mocktails at home, Sinaumed’s. To find mocktail recipes that you can make at home, you can see this review, Sinaumed’s.

Mocktail Recipes You Can Make at Home

Basically, mocktail recipes are numerous, below we will provide mocktail recipes that are easy to make at home.

Tropical Mocktails

Materials needed:

(This recipe makes 2 servings!)

• Prepare a 200 ml can of Pineapple-flavored Fayrouz
• Prepare Coconut Water
• Prepare 8 Strawberry seeds
• Prepare a Lemon Orange or Sunkist
• Prepare enough ice cubes

Steps to make:

1. To make a mocktail, you can first put your glass in the freezer or refrigerator. This step itself is an optional step.
2. Putting a glass in the refrigerator can make your mocktail fresher and suitable for drinking during the day.
3. Clean the strawberries first, then cut them into small pieces and put them in a large glass or pitcher .
4. Use a spoon or, if you have one, a muddler to crush the strawberries. You can also use a blender, but the result will be juice-like.
5. Squeeze the orange into the same place, then add the soda and coconut water. Stir everything thoroughly then strain into a glass that has been cooled beforehand. Also add ice and garnish. Enjoy!

Virgin Piña Colada

Still using pineapple and tropical elements, this one of the most delicious mocktail recipes is perfect for those of you who are anti-complicated. Besides being everyone’s favorite, this Virgin Piña Colada only needs one tool to freshen up your day, which is a blender!

Materials needed:

(This recipe makes 2-3 servings!)

• Prepare 250 ml Jungle
• Prepare Pineapple Juice 200 ml of coconut milk
• Prepare enough sugar
• Prepare 80 ml of whipped cream
• Prepare 1 tsp vanilla
• Prepare enough ice cubes

Steps to make:

Mix all these ingredients in a blender and then blend until smooth before you serve it in a cold glass.

Honey Blackberry Mint Mocktail

Materials needed:

(This mocktail recipe is for 2-4 servings!)

• Prepare 8 blackberry seeds
• Prepare 75 ml of honey
• Prepare some mint leaves
• Prepare a lemon
• Prepare 125 ml of water
• Prepare 500 ml of sparkling water
• Prepare enough ice cubes

Steps to make:

In a cocktail shaker, add blackberries, mint leaves and honey then blend. Add water and lemon juice into it. Then, tutu, and shake until evenly distributed. Strain everything into a glass filled with ice then pour sparkling water into each glass.

Hibiscus Iced Tea Sparkler

Materials needed:

(This mocktail recipe makes up to 4 servings!)

• Prepare 10 grams of rosella tea
• Prepare 1 liter of boiling water
• Prepare 125 ml of honey
• Prepare 500 ml of sparkling water
• Prepare some mint leaves
• Prepare some ice

Steps to make:

1. First brew rosella tea and honey with boiling water, within 30 minutes to an hour, according to your taste.
2. Transfer into a pitcher, then add ice and sparkling water and stir.
3. Add the rest of the ingredients and chill in the refrigerator.
4. Serve it in a chilled glass.

Virgin Mango Lemon Margarita

Margarita, the prima donna of all cocktails that generally use tequila, you can make yourself at home with the most delicious version of the mocktail recipe. In this version, the mango juice can then be mixed with chilled sprite which is perfect as a cold mocktail to accompany you for eating seafood or just hanging out with friends.

Materials needed:

(This mocktail recipe is for 4 servings!)

• Prepare 1 mango
• Prepare 500 ml Sprite
• Prepare a lemon
• Prepare some ice
• Prepare some mint leaves

Steps to make:

Cut the mango then blender until smooth without water. Mix all these ingredients into a cold glass whose mouth has been dipped in a mixture of sugar and a pinch of salt. Add, ice and mint leaves to taste, then Margarita is ready to serve.

Kiwi Mojito Mocktails

Mojito mocktails can never go wrong! It’s not complicated to make and the ingredients are easy to make the mocktail recipe the most delicious recipe that can be everyone’s favorite. If you want, you can also substitute kiwi pieces and other fruit pieces such as strawberries.

Materials needed:

(This mocktail recipe can be served for 2 servings!)

• Prepare 2 kiwi fruit, sliced ​​or cut into small pieces
• Prepare a lemon
• Prepare 2-3 teaspoons of honey
• Prepare 300 ml of sparkling water
• Prepare some mint leaves
• Prepare some ice

Steps to make:

For this delicious mocktail recipe, crush kiwi and mint leaves in a glass and take the juice. Also add honey and lemon juice, stir. In a cold glass, also add the mixture, ice and soda water to taste.

Strawberry Orange Ginger Fizz

This delicious mocktail recipe is a refreshing drink that is perfect for accompanying a date night on a Saturday night. Besides taking a long time compared to other most delicious mocktail recipes, this drink is very suitable to be combined with main dishes, from any duck confit to even steak. You can also store the syrup in the refrigerator for later use at a later time.

Materials needed:

(This mocktail recipe is for 2 servings!)

• Prepare Syrup: 230 grams of strawberries
• Prepare 7 cm ginger, peeled and sliced
• Prepare 7 cm of orange peel
• Prepare 130 ml of honey
• Prepare 80 ml of lemon juice
• Prepare 80 ml of water
• Prepare a pinch of salt
• Prepare 2-3 tablespoons of syrup
• Prepare 170 grams of sparkling water
• Prepare 2 ice cubes
• Prepare mint leaves, oranges and strawberries for garnish

Steps to make:

Add all the syrup ingredients and boil for 5 minutes until it boils, let it cool. Pour 2-3 tablespoons of syrup into a cold glass, mix it with sparkling water and ice cubes. Garnish and serve.

Ocean Blue Ice Mocktail

This type of mocktail drink is called mocktail ocean blue Ice. This is because there is a combination of colors that are similar to this ocean and a fresh and unique taste. The colors of this drink include blue and orange. Here’s the recipe and how to make the ocean blue Ice mocktail drink:

Materials needed:

• Prepare Blue Soda (Pepsi)
• Prepare Orange Syrup (I use ABC Orange Syrup)
• Prepare enough ice cubes
• Prepare 4.1 tsp basil seeds (soak in warm water)
• Prepare a serving glass

Steps to make:

1. First prepare the serving glass first, use a tall glass. Then pour the orange syrup, then add the ice cubes to taste.
2. After that, pour in the blue soda water (pepsi is an option) and lastly add the basil seeds which have been soaked in warm water. Ocean Blue Ice Mocktail drink is ready to be served.

Mixberry Mocktails

Mixberry Mocktail drink type. The color combination of this drink is red and blue with the addition of jelly and basil seeds. Here’s the Mixberry Mocktail drink recipe:

Materials needed:

• Prepare red syrup (use strawberry syrup)
• Prepare Blue soda water (use Pepsi)
• Prepare 2 pieces of jelly (use nata de coco lychee flavor)
• Prepare Basil Seeds (soak using warm water)
• Prepare ice cubes to taste
• Prepare fresh soda water
• Prepare mint leaves

Steps to make:

1. First prepare the serving glass then pour the red syrup into the glass. Then give enough ice cubes, and also add jelly, then continue to pour blue soda water and fresh soda water.
2. After that, also add the basil seeds which have been soaked in warm water first. Put and decorate mint leaves on top of the drink.
3. This Mix Berry mocktail drink is then ready to be served.

Italian Green Soda Mocktails

This type of drink is the Italian Green Soda drink. The combination of green and white makes the mocktail drink taste fresh and delicious. Here’s a recipe for Italian Green Soda:

Materials needed:

• Prepare Soda water with flavor (use sprite)
• Prepare unflavored sparkling water (use the Zoda brand)
• Prepare Green Syrup (use melon flavor)
• Prepare enough ice cubes
• Prepare some mint leaves

Steps to Make:

1. Prepare a serving glass, then pour the green syrup and continue by adding ice cubes. After that, pour in the flavored sparkling water and the unflavored sparkling water.
2. If so, give the leaf decoration asked for on top. This Italian Green Soda mocktail drink is ready to be served.

Mocktail Orange Cocopandan Sparkle

This type of drink is the Orange Cocopandan Sparkle mocktail. The color combination is very beautiful, namely orange and rosy red. Here’s the recipe:

Materials needed:

• Prepare Red Syrup (use cocopandan flavor)
• Prepare unflavored sparkling water
• Prepare Orange Juice
• Prepare enough ice cubes

Steps to Make:

Prepare a serving glass, then pour the red syrup. Then, also add ice cubes to taste. After that, pour in the orange juice, then continue with the unflavored sparkling water. Orange Cocopandan Sparkle mocktail drink is ready.

PinkJasmine

Materials needed:

• Prepare 30ml
• Prepare Monin Pink Grapefruit Syrup
• Prepare 100ml STL Green Tea With Jasmine
• Prepare 90 ml of Sparkling Lemonade
• Prepare 1 Scoop of Ice Cubes
• Prepare Mint Leaves
• Prepare the Pink Grapefruits

Steps to make:

1. Brew tea by first putting 1 bag of STL Green Tea With Jasmine into 200ml of boiling water for 4-5 minutes. Cool the brewed tea
2. Also put Monin Pink Grapefruit syrup, ice cubes, and sparkling lemonade into the glass. Stir well
3. Add the pink grapefruit slices as well, then pour 100ml of the tea brewed water on top
4. Garnish with mint leaves and pink grapefruit.

Related Books

Café-style Mocktail Recipe

It is called a mocktail because it comes from combining the words ” mock ” and ” cocktail “, which means an imitation of a cocktail, because a mixture of various types of mocktails is almost the same as a cocktail, the difference is that the mocktail does not contain alcohol. Therefore, of course, the taste will be more delicious, because after all, drinks mixed with alcohol will produce a bitter taste.

Because it does not contain alcohol, mocktails can be enjoyed by all groups. The most important thing in making mocktails is knowing how to combine several types of fruit with their accompaniments to get a delicious taste.

Don’t forget that the presentation also has its own characteristics, namely colors and attractive decorations on the rim of the serving glass. This is what makes mocktails always in demand. This book presents 23 fresh, delicious, mocktail recipes with an attractive appearance. Everything is very easy to make with ingredients that are easy to get. Let’s present your own mix-and-match mocktail for your special occasion.

The Easiest Fish Satay Recipe

In this book, we present 19 fish satay recipes , including Panir Milkfish Sate, Cumi Sate, Goldfish Satay, Steamed Mackerel Satay, Steamed Patin Satay, Patin Satay, Serundeng Seasoned Salmon Satay, Cob Satay, Snapper Satay with Peanut Sambal, to Scallop Satay. Dara Spicy Soy Sauce.

23 Authentic Palembang Cake Recipes

Preserving Palembang’s favorite culinary delights is his dream. That’s why he compiled this book which contains 24 authentic recipes for Palembang Typical Cakes, namely: Palembang Bluder, Bolu Suri, Dadar Jiwo, Gandus, Srikaya Cake, 8 Hours Cake, Kojo Pandan Cake, Brown Sugar Lumpang Cake, Pandan Lumpang Cake, Engkak Lapis Glutinous Rice, Lapis Engkak Durian Glutinous Rice, Lapis Engkak Black Glutinous Rice, Lapis Kojo Pandan, Lapis Legit Chocolate Spots, Lapis Legit Chocolate, Lapis Legit Cheese, Lapis Legit Pineapple, Lapis Maksuba, Makjola, Manan Sahmin, Ragit, Pandan Talam Cake, Pandan Talam Cake Brown sugar. Each recipe is equipped with step by step photos, without taking a cooking course, you can definitely practice it at home.

The Evil Carb Myth

Closing

Mocktail can indeed be considered as a drink that is suitable for drinking during the day because it tastes fresh and cold. Those are some mocktail recipes that you can make at home. So, what mocktail recipe are you going to try at home?

Trying various food and drink recipes can indeed be a fun hobby. If you want to find a recipe book, you can get it at sinaumedia.com . To support Sinaumed’s in adding insight, sinaumedia always provides quality and original books so that Sinaumed’s has #MoreWithReading information .

12 Examples of Marketing Strategies Worth Trying – What are examples of good marketing strategies? Marketing strategy is an important thing to do. Besides being able to increase selling power, marketing strategies can also make the company grow even more.

Therefore, a company must be smart in choosing and implementing its marketing strategy. So, what are examples of marketing strategies that can be done?

This article will discuss 12 examples of marketing strategies that are worth trying to increase product sales figures.

What Is a Marketing Strategy?

Before knowing what are the examples of marketing strategies, you need to know in advance about the meaning of marketing strategy. Marketing strategy is often also referred to as  a marketing strategy .

Marketing strategy is an overall effort of a business. The goal is to reach prospective target consumers. After that, the marketing strategy will turn them into regular customers. This applies both in terms of services and products from a business.

Difference between Marketing Strategy and Marketing Plan

In addition to the term marketing strategy, aja also term marketing plan. What is the difference between these two terms? The marketing plan is one part of the marketing strategy

This marketing plan includes marketing activity documents which contain a schedule of marketing initiatives to be carried out. The things in the document are written in detail and clearly.

Ideally, a marketing strategy should be more long-term in comparison to a marketing plan. Because, the marketing strategy will include a big picture of the message that will be conveyed later.

Meanwhile, the marketing plan must describe in detail the need to implement the existing strategy. The goal is to be able to choose a marketing strategy that has the highest level of effectiveness.

In this case, companies must look at the most important aspects to support the survival of their business. Certain products may need to be processed through conventional methods. However, there are also some products that are more effective if the promotion is done through digital media.

Example of Marketing Strategy

In order to be able to choose the most effective examples of marketing strategies, a company needs to look at the most important aspects to support its business. What are some examples of marketing strategies that can be done by a company? Check out the explanation below:

1. Paid advertising

The price paid by the company will generally be determined through a negotiation process. Negotiations will be carried out by the advertising space provider and the company’s marketing team. This paid ad consists of several categories.

Such as  banners  or  displays, pay-per-click  or PPC, and  pay-per-impression  or PPI. How to use paid advertising is considered very effective. Because the company can show the name of the product as well as the company to the public on a broad scale.

2. Transactional marketing

Companies using this marketing strategy example can attract consumers through interesting things. Examples include discounts, shopping coupons, promotions and events held on a large scale. This will certainly make consumers tempted and interested in buying more of the products offered through this example of a marketing strategy.

3. Social media marketing

More than 2.8 billion people are actively using social media. Therefore, examples of marketing strategies that use social media are very profitable. Social media marketing is also fairly easy to do.

Not only will you get more targets, this example of a marketing strategy will also be cost-effective. Many companies have implemented this marketing strategy. The results are also quite effective.

This example of a marketing strategy with social media will focus on using the site. In addition, it will also focus on social media applications. Conrohnya like Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and so forth.

Seeing its very broad scope, companies can build  their brand  in a short time. This of course will greatly benefit the company.

4. Interactive marketing

An example is a company that will include the name of the consumer in its marketing strategy. Other customizations can also be made in products that fall into the limited edition category.

This method will allow a consumer to get the latest information about the product. That way, the number of consumer requests for products or services from these companies can increase.

5. Content marketing

This example marketing strategy will focus on creating. In addition, it will also focus on the distribution of content. Companies will make their products relevant, valuable and consistent.

The goal is to make consumers interested in their products. Instead of making offers directly, the company actually provides information that consumers will need. This will make consumers interested in a product.

Marketing done through content can be applied by all companies. Both small companies and large companies. However, in using this example of a marketing strategy, companies must choose content creators who are reliable and competent. The goal is to attract the interest of consumers.

6. SEO or  Search Engine Optimization

This strategy will be closely related to content marketing. In fact, it can also determine whether content has quality. Content that meets SEO standards can occupy the top position on search engines.

If the content created increases rapidly, the company will   also get high traffic . It can also increase  brand awareness . The number of corporate consumers can also increase.

7.  Earned media  or  public relations

Not only that, implementing a marketing strategy with testimonials is also an example of an earned media marketing strategy. Talking about products via radio, via television,  live  Instagram, and so on can be done.

The thing that must be underlined is, earned media is media that is obtained organically or for free. Therefore, earned media can also be called an example of a marketing strategy with free media.

8.  Inbound marketing

An example is creating content that has value. As well as experiences that will be tailored to consumers of these products. The method used in inbound marketing is business development by building a relationship.

The relationship built here is a long term relationship. Both with consumers, with potential customers and with customers. This will make products and services continue to be with consumers in every company journey.

For this example of an inbound marketing marketing strategy, the message to be conveyed to consumers is considered very important. Because, the message must be precise and relevant. In contrast to marketing strategies that tend to annoy consumers and bore them.

9.Telemarketing  _

Marketing done in this way will use a direct marketing method. The process is for a salesperson to offer their service or product over the telephone.

It can also be done through web conferencing. This is in accordance with the agreement of the prospective customer.

An example of a telemarketing strategy is offering insurance to customers. You can also offer   postpaid sim card services.

10.  Email marketing

The marketer  will send an  email advertising  to several consumers or audiences. Those who are emailed are the business targets of that marketing

Even though it is considered as an example of an effective marketing strategy, it is necessary to know what the right strategy is for doing email marketing. The reason is, through unattractive titles and content, as well as sending that is always repeated, it will actually make the email marketing not be opened by the target.

In fact, the target can feel annoyed. This can make email marketing go to  spam  or even be immediately deleted by the audience.

There are several types of email marketing that are incorrectly used in this example of a marketing strategy

Such as email press releases, email newsletters and transactional emails.

11.  Referral program

The trick is to encourage consumers to tell potential customers. Many large companies have been successful in implementing this marketing strategy. Such as securities firms, lodging rental companies and so forth.

12.  Conversational marketing

The conversation will take place in  real time , namely through various media. Like  live chat  or  chatbot . With this strategy, consumers and potential customers will get the information they need directly. They can ask questions and even make transactions quickly.

This conversational marketing  will be very effective. Especially for B2C businesses. Because, it can improve the quality of  a business’s customer service  . As well as being able to keep consumers in the flow of purchases.

A marketing strategy is a very useful thing to facilitate the promotion process of a product or service. Companies can also get fast target consumers. The goal is to support their business growth in the future.

A company can choose more than the examples of marketing strategies above. As long as all the strategies implemented are effective.

That’s an explanation of 12 examples of marketing strategies that can be done. Find other information about marketing or business at www.sinaumedia.com. sinaumedia as #FriendsWithoutLimits will always present interesting articles and recommendations for the best books for Lara Sinaumed’s.

Example of a Hygiene Poster – In public places, we often find writing that contains an appeal to always keep the environment clean. However, there are people who still litter, not in the bins that have been provided.

Maybe, if you just write it, it won’t work right away, because some people are not educated about environmental hygiene, so they still throw garbage out of the way.

But, what if the message and education is conveyed through a poster with pictures, so that it can attract the attention of those who see it.

If people are interested, of course the message will be easier to convey and the public will be more educated.

So, if you are looking for image ideas to serve as a reference for making posters for maintaining cleanliness, be it affixed in the home environment, school environment, as well as workplaces or public places.

What Are Posters?

In simple terms, a poster is an advertisement or announcement in the form of an image. Posters are one type of advertising media besides banners, brochures, advertisements, billboards, and others.

Material regarding these posters will generally be taught in Indonesian, junior high school, together with material on how to write advertisements and announcements.

The definition of a poster is an advertisement or announcement in the form of pictures or writing containing an appeal or invitation to do something and is generally affixed to walls or strategic places that are often passed by many people and are easy to read.

In another sense, a poster is a medium for conveying an idea, idea or important matter to many people. Posters are works of art resulting from graphic designs containing text, images, or both that aim to convey messages or information to the public.

These posters will generally be affixed to flat media such as a wall or flat surface, where the poster contains striking colors and images and sentences in the form of a slogan. However, not only in print, nowadays many posters are used in digital form.

Poster Function

The function of the poster itself is to make the readers interested in the information contained in the poster. With posters made with a combination of colors, pictures, and words that are made as attractive as possible, it is hoped that readers will care about the content that the poster maker wants to convey.

Making promotional media using posters tends to be cheaper than using radio or television. In addition, readers can also be more targeted because they can be posted in certain places according to the target audience. For more details, here are some of the functions of the poster:

a. To convey information
b. Media promotion of goods or services
c. Facilities for graphic designers to do activities

Poster Purpose

If the poster is one of the media to convey information, the purpose of the poster itself is to ensure that the information is properly conveyed to the readers. The following are some of the purposes of the poster, including:

a. The community becomes aware of the activities or events that will be carried out. For example, blood donation activities, bazaars, commemoration of the youth oath, and so on.
b. Making products or services that we know and are widely used by the community.
c. Remind the public about the importance of personal and environmental hygiene. For example, an invitation to dispose of trash in its place, clean up the environment, and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
d. Remind people to avoid things that harm themselves and others. For example, stop littering, smoking, and so on.

Example of Environmental Hygiene Poster

The following are some examples of environmental hygiene posters so that people are educated from an early age that keeping the environment clean is one of the important things to maintain personal health.

1. Do you know the function of the Trash Can?

By putting up posters about the function of these trash cans, of course this message will become a satire so that people are aware of maintaining cleanliness by throwing garbage in the trash.

2. Garbage is not a child’s inheritance

By routinely maintaining the cleanliness of the environment, it will definitely bring various benefits for the future. Therefore, keep the environment clean by disposing of trash in its place. Because, our waste is not a legacy for children in the future. Must start discipline from now on.

3. Throw Garbage In Place

The next design is a poster that says “clean is healthy” with a picture of a child throwing trash in the trash. From the picture, we can understand that even small children can understand how to dispose of trash in its place, let alone adults?

4. Throw Garbage In Its Place For A Better Future

With a combination of a trash can and some writing, this poster wants to make people aware that disposing of trash and keeping the environment clean will create a good environment for the future.

5. Maintaining Cleanliness Starting from Small Things

By doing various small things that we can, for example by disposing of trash in its place, of course this will help keep the environment clean and of course be of benefit to ourselves and also to others. This poster design invites readers to start small, namely starting from ourselves to dispose of trash in its place.

6. Keep Clean and No Smoking

This one poster design can be affixed in public places, especially health services. If you have a health service, then you can use the poster design above to appeal to people who come or visit.

7. Cleaning Services To Stay Healthy

The poster above will usually be applied to health service places, such as clinics or puskesmas. With messages and pictures that remind and invite people to maintain cleanliness and dispose of trash in its place. Of course this will inspire readers to participate in protecting the environment around them.

8. Clean and Healthy

Teaching students to keep the environment clean must be done from an early age. Like teaching elementary school children the discipline to dispose of trash in its place. Usually the poster design above will be affixed in the school environment.

9. Take care of cleanliness so that you always maintain your health

The poster design contains an invitation to keep the environment clean so that it is maintained healthy and also free from virus attacks that are currently endemic. Hopefully by maintaining the cleanliness of this environment, our health will be maintained.

10. Preserve the Environment

An example of an image containing the theme of environmental cleanliness is a poster containing a call to preserve the environment. This image consisting of a tree that is above half of the globe is indeed very inspiring.

This poster describes how the earth can survive if forests and trees are maintained. The red color in his writings depicts a precarious condition or how important it is to protect the environment.

11. Invitation to Save Water and Don’t Throw Trash Carelessly

The example of the poster image above contains an invitation to save water consumption and also keep the environment clean from waste. As we understand that water is an important commodity for human life and all creatures on earth.

Meanwhile, if the quality of the environment decreases, the quality of clean water will also decrease. Therefore, take care of this earth by saving water and not littering.

12. Call to Stop Pollution Caused by Plastic

The example of the poster image above is an invitation to stop and reduce pollution caused by plastic. The huge amount of plastic waste in the world has polluted the environment.

This poster is very inspiring with the image of sea water as the setting and various kinds of floating packaging with only one fish visible. This means that bad plastic pollution can threaten fish populations in the sea.

The opening speech is one of the most important parts of a big event. The reason is, opening a speech can be regarded as a task that can be easy or difficult. There are many factors that can make someone successful in presenting a speech opener, one of which is the material for the opening speech itself.

One example of a speech opener that is easy to find is the State of the Union address. In this state address is usually read by the president. However, of course the state address is different from the school ceremonial speech. The figure who gives a speech in a school ceremony is, of course, usually the headmaster or someone who is trusted to represent him.

Well, in this article we will focus on discussing the opening sentence in a speech or often called the opening speech. However, before entering the material about speech opening examples, we should review again the meaning and purpose of the speech. Happy reading!

A. Definition of Speech

According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary or KBBI, speech can be interpreted as an activity to express thoughts in the form of words addressed to many people. In general, speech can be understood as a form of creativity carried out by someone to express what is in the heart or convey information to a certain group in a particular event or media.

Therefore, speech has a definition as a discourse that is prepared to be spoken in front of an audience. Speech itself is basically the fruit of one’s thoughts conveyed in public.

B. Purpose of Speech

The purpose of speech is generally used to convey a meaning or core message to listeners. It can be in the form of thanks, greetings, to speeches with certain themes using formal and interesting Indonesian.

Meanwhile, the purpose of a speech is basically to deliver good information to listeners. Starting from conveying a certain idea or it could be a suggestion that builds and leads to something that has positive value.

Speech can also be said as an activity that has the goal of giving an invitation and appeal to someone to do something. Speeches usually do have a good theme. There are almost no speeches that carry unfavorable themes and lead to ugliness.

Therefore, in formal speeches, speeches usually have the aim of convincing, encouraging or motivating, informing or appealing, to acting or doing. Meanwhile, in ordinary or informal speech, speech tends to be used to make the atmosphere warmer so that the listeners become happier and happier.

C. Speech Method

After knowing the meaning and purpose of a speech, of course we know that in opening a speech we must use the right technique. This is because someone who gives a speech will be witnessed by many people in public places.

Well, in his own speech there are several methods that need to be considered, including the following:

1. Impromptu, which is a speech method that is carried out without the need for prior preparation.

2. Memorization, which is a speech method that is conveyed by memorizing the speech text carefully and precisely beforehand.

3. Manuscript, which is a speech method that is used by reading text or script.

4. Extemporaneous, a speech method that is carried out by preparing an outline of the concept beforehand.

D. The Language Used in the Speech

As stated in the previous section, a speech cannot be made haphazardly. There are several methods and ethics that need to be followed and adhered to so that the words spoken in speech become more coherent and have a systematic structure. This is done so that the information or messages in the speech become easier to understand the meaning and intent of others.

In making a speech, one should not use a lot of excessive and halting repetition of words. This is because it can produce a sound that is less attractive to listeners. Therefore, if you get an assignment to make an Indonesian speech, then it’s a good idea to use standard language.

The first step that can be taken, of course, is to prepare the words that will be delivered in a coherent speech so that the message to be conveyed to many people can be conveyed properly and there will be no misunderstandings.

E. Speech Opening Structure

Formally, the opening speech consists of three parts, starting from greetings, greetings, to thanksgiving. However, in ordinary or informal opening speeches, opening speeches are usually carried out without fixed provisions. So, here are three speech opening structures that you need to pay attention to, including:

1. Greetings

The opening structure of the first speech is the opening greeting. This opening section usually includes a greeting. Greetings are usually located at the time someone starts a speech.

2. Acknowledgments

Furthermore, the second speech opening structure is the salutation. Greetings are usually made by mentioning the person with the highest position first, whether present or not present at the speech activity.

For example, if a speech is given at a school, then the greeting can be started by mentioning the headmaster as the highest office holder in the school, followed by the teachers and teachers, to friends who were present.

3. Thanksgiving

Then, the third speech opening structure is thanksgiving. The thanksgiving itself is usually usually conveyed by the person giving the speech to the listeners for having agreed to attend and gather at the event.

F. Examples of Opening Speeches

Speech opening greetings do require some preparation so that they can be delivered steadily and confidently. The opener becomes the initial face of a speech in front of the listeners, a good opener will have the potential to make a successful speech.

So, here are eleven examples of speech starters according to their needs, namely:

1. Example of Opening School Farewell Speech

Good morning all.

To the teachers, school staff, and friends, thank you for taking the time to attend.

On this sunny morning, let’s give thanks for the presence of God Almighty around us, because of his grace and blessings we can gather together. Introduce, my name is ___, class ___ student. It just so happened that I was given the honor of giving the valedictorian speech for the ____ class. Before starting the speech, there is a saying that reminds me of our journey during our ___ years of schooling, namely “Goodbyes are not forever. Goodbyes are not the end. They simply mean I’ll miss you, until we meet again.”

2. Examples of Opening Islamic Speeches

greetings

Alhamdulillah, today we are all given the opportunity by Allah SWT. to gather and at the same time carry out some of our activities, and masha Allah, from the many servants of Allah SWT. who are doing activities today, it turns out that ladies and gentlemen and friends were chosen by Him to be here. May all of us present have their steps lightened, their hearts softened, and their lives extended to learn some of our religious guidance.

May we also get the grace of Allah, as promised by Rasulullah SAW. so that out of here get guidance and goodness from Allah SWT.

3. Examples of Opening Islamic Speeches / Lectures

Peace be upon you, may peace, mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you.

Alhamdulillahi rabbil ‘alamin, was praying wassalamu ‘ala, asyrofil ambiyaa iwal mursalin, wa a’laaalihi wa sahbihi ajmain amma ba’du.

First of all, let us all give thanks to the presence of Allah SWT, who has bestowed His grace upon us. Thanks to His pleasure, we can gather on this sunny morning in good health to carry out (name of event). This lecture will discuss the benefits of alms and its good impact on our lives in this world and the hereafter.

4. Sample Prayer / Opening Arabic Speech

الـحَمْدُ للهِ رَبِّ العَالَـمِيْنَ ، وَالعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِيْنَ ، فَلَا عُدْوَانَ إِلَنَّا عَلَى الظَّيِ وَالصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى أَشْرَفِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالـمُرْسَلِيْنَ ،نَبِيِّنَا وَحَبِيْبِنَا مُـحَمَّدٍ أَرْسَلَهُ اللهُ رَحْـمَةً لِلْعَالَمِيْنَ ، وَعَلَى اَلِهِ أَزْوَاجِهِ الطَّاهِرَاتِ أُمَّهَاتِ الـمُؤْمِنِيْنَ ، وَعَلَى آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِيْنَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ الغُرِّ الـمَيَامِيْنِ ، وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ بِإِحْسَانٍ إِلَى يَوْمِ الدِّيْنِ ، أَمَّا بَعْدُ

“Alhamdulillaahi robbil ‘aalamiin, wal ‘aaqibatu lil muttaqien, falaa ‘udwaanaa illa ‘aladzoolimiin. Wassholaatu wassalaamu ‘alaa asyrofil anbiyaa-i wal mursaliin. Nabiyyinaa wa habiibinaa muhammadin arsalahullahu rohmatal lil a’lamiin. Wa’alaaalihii wa-azwajihit-thohirooti ummahaatil mu’miniin, wa’alaaalihiit-thoyyibiin, wa asabihil ghurril mayaamiin, wa-man tabi’ahum bi-ihsanin ila yaumiddin. Amma ba’du.”

5. Opening Speech in English on Education

ladies and gentlemen,

Today is November 10 and we are celebrating our Heroes’ Day.

We must know that our predecessors had fought and sacrificed their whole body and soul to drive the colonizers out of our land, Indonesia. They fought ever so bravely to maintain this country’s dignity and of course, for our freedom. Even though they were outnumbered and didn’t have weapons as advanced as those who were against us, our heroes did not give up and fought to their very last drop of blood.

Therefore, today, I will deliver a speech in order to commemorate their fight and how important it is for us, the youth, to keep their spirits and bravery alive.

6. Example of Opening Speech Text in English about Work Ethics

O youths,

How are you guys? I’m sure you’re all in good health. Before I start, do you guys know me already? There is a saying that if you don’t know a person, how can you love that person? Therefore, I would like to introduce myself first. My name is Muhammad Adam Kharisma, you can call me Adam. I was born on February 17th 1997 in Magelang. Right now, I’m working on my own business and farming chickens. Do you guys want to be an entrepreneur like me?

If so, in this opportunity, I will tell you some of my bitter experiences in building a business. Hopefully, you will later be motivated when pursuing this field.

7. Examples of opening sentences for speeches about the environment

Peace be upon you, may peace, mercy and blessings of Allah be upon you

On this auspicious occasion, let us offer praise and gratitude to the presence of Allah SWT. who has given us all his favors and guidance so that we can gather in good health today.

Distinguished guests, the short speech that I will deliver this time explains how to maintain cleanliness. Allah SWT really loves people who are clean and likes to clean everything that is in them. So let’s start maintaining cleanliness for the safety and good of ourselves and also others.

8. Examples of Speech Opening Poems

a. Islamic rhymes

Meeting a long-lost friend
Turns out he has a law degree
Assalamualaikum friends
I hope your lips will be decorated with a smile

b. Wise Pantun

The sun rises not yet high
Just an inch along the run
Dear friends, good morning.
May blessings be upon you all day long

c. Funny Pantun

Eat kuaci while doing some flips
Open candy while lying down
Because it’s time for you to give a speech
So listen and pay attention

9. Examples of Opening Lectures / Islamic Speeches

Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy and blessings

Praise and gratitude let us pray to the divine presence of the Rabbi, for His grace we can gather together in the context of tholabul ilmi, seeking knowledge. And we can stay in touch, face to face in this noble assembly in good health, safe and secure. Hopefully every step we all take can produce a reward that can be an eraser of sins and an elevator in front of Allah SWT.

Also, don’t forget, blessings and greetings are always bestowed on the prophet Muhammad SAW, to his family, friends, tabi’in, tabiut tabiahum, to all of us, and to all his people until yaumul qiyamah later.

At the beginning of this event, let’s set our intention together to always strengthen my intention and base every step as a sincere intention because of Allah SWT. On this occasion too, let’s bring our hearts and minds together to seek knowledge, and when we return from this ta’lim assembly, we always get and apply the knowledge we get so that it becomes useful.

10. Example of opening speech text about business

Dear colleagues,

Have you ever thought why entrepreneurs tend to have a fertile body and are always happy? This is of course because they never become sardines in the morning like employees in general, hehehe. Except for me, a businessman who is still a beef steak on the road. Even though there is an air conditioner, it’s still hot inside due to traffic jams. If later all of my colleagues practice what I’m talking about at this time, of course, you have to make sure you don’t become sardines or steaks like me. It’s not good! hehehehe.

Therefore, I am standing here to provide a delicious solution to being the right entrepreneur.

11. Islamic Speech Opening Sentences

Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahim

Peace be upon you, and Allah’s mercy and blessings

Honorable Chancellor of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta as Chair of the Senate,
Honorable Members of the Senate of Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta,
Honorable, all teaching staff at Syarif Hidayatullah State University Jakarta,
Honorable guests,
As well as the audience who are happy,
Alhamdulillahi rabbil ‘alamin,
Was praying wassalamu’ala,
Asrofil ambiya iwal mursalin,
Sayyidina wa maulana Muhammadin,
Wa ‘alaa’alihi wa shohbihi ajmain.
Amma ba’du

Recommended Books & Articles Related to Opening Speeches

Disorders and Abnormalities of the Human Skeletal System – In the human body there is a skeletal system that functions as a passive movement tool as a place for muscles to attach and give body posture. In addition, the human skeleton also functions to protect the soft internal organs.

The main constituent of the skeleton is bone. In the previous article about the types of bones, we mentioned that human bones have several types, such as long bones, sesamoid bones, flat bones, short bones, etc.

The human skeleton and bones can experience disorders and several diseases. Here are some disorders and abnormalities in the human skeletal system:

Disorders and Abnormalities of the Human Skeletal System

1. Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis occurs when bone density decreases, so it becomes very brittle. This condition makes bones vulnerable to fractures, especially in the hips, wrists and spine. This condition does not appear suddenly. Osteoporosis will develop over time and is usually only detected when a person falls lightly, but the bone has been broken or fractured.

Even though it is synonymous with old people’s disease, this bone calcification can actually also occur in young people and even children. Having a family history of osteoporosis, never exercising, and having a body mass index less than normal can increase the risk of developing this bone disorder. A more complete discussion of osteoporosis can also be found in the Osteoporosis book below.

2. Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a bone disorder that is quite common. The condition occurs when the protective covering at the ends of the bones wears away, causing the two bones to rub against each other without cushioning. Osteoarthritis can cause pain and swelling in the affected joints. If left untreated, this condition can even change the shape of the joints and make bones and cartilage more at risk of breaking.

This disease also generally affects people over 50 years of age. Therefore, from an early age we must get used to living healthy and prevent this disease. Learn how in the Osteoarthritis Vs Osteoporosis Detection book below.

3. Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis or more commonly referred to as rheumatism is an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system, which should protect the body from disease, actually attacks healthy cells in the bones and causes health problems. This condition can cause swelling in the joints, make the sufferer have a fever, feel weak, and always tired. Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms can be relieved with medication or, in some cases, surgery.

4. Scoliosis

When viewed from behind, our spine will look straight. However, in people with scoliosis, a disease that causes abnormalities in the spine, the alignment that should be straight will curve to form the letter S or the letter C. Generally, the cause of scoliosis cannot be known with certainty.

However, experts believe that scoliosis is not only caused by one thing, but a combination of several factors. You can find a guidebook regarding scoliosis in Sinaumed’s in the book I Suffer from Scoliosis.

5. Bone Injury

Bone injuries can occur due to accidents, falling during sports, or being hit by certain objects. These injuries usually cause broken bones, sliding joints, muscle pain, and torn muscles. Bone injuries are divided into two, namely acute and chronic:

• Acute bone injuries Examples of acute bone injuries are sprains and broken bones due to something that happens suddenly, such as an accident. Symptoms of an acute bone injury include sudden pain, swelling, bruising, immovability of the bone, or even visible displacement of the bone and fractures.
• Chronic bone injury Meanwhile, chronic bone injury is an injury that occurs due to continuous pressure on one bone, due to sports or long-term physical activity. This condition often occurs in athletes. Symptoms of a chronic injury include sharp pain during exercise, a dull ache when resting, and swelling.

6. Paget’s disease

In Paget’s disease, the bones grow too large and become weak. This condition often occurs in the leg bones, hip bones, spine, and head. Paget’s disease is a type of bone disease that is often not realized because it does not cause pain, and will only cause symptoms when other conditions, such as fractures and arthritis, have occurred.

Until now the cause of Paget’s disease is not known with certainty. But experts suspect this disorder has something to do with genetic disorders.

7. Fibrous dysplasia

In fibrous dysplasia, the genes in the body instruct healthy bone to be replaced with fibrous tissue. This causes bones to become brittle, deformed, and break more easily. Often, this condition only occurs in one location, for example on the hands, hips, face, legs, or ribs. Also Read: Actually, How Many Human Bones?

8. Osteomyelitis (bone infection)

Bone infection can occur when bacteria that cause infection enter blood vessels or spread to the tissue around the bone. Infection can also appear directly in the bone, if the person has an open wound and the bacteria directly enter the bone. People who experience it will feel fever, pain, swelling, and weakness. Usually, the bacteria that cause this infection are Staphylococcus bacteria.

9. Bone cancer

Bone cancer can be divided into two types, namely primary and secondary. Primary bone cancer is cancer that starts in the bones. Meanwhile, secondary bone cancer is cancer that initially appears in other organs, then spreads to the bones. Symptoms of bone cancer include bone pain that doesn’t go away and gets worse at night, swelling and redness in certain bone areas, lumps appearing on the bones, and brittle bones.

10. Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Disorders of this one bone are caused by hereditary or genetic factors that appear at birth. People who experience it inherit a gene from their parents that makes bones brittle, break easily, and have an abnormal shape. This makes the joints in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta easily detach and curvature of the spine.

This condition can also be accompanied by hearing and breathing problems, as well as dark patches appearing in the white area of ​​the eyes. Until now, there is no treatment that can be done to cure this bone disease. However, sufferers can reduce their symptoms by living a healthy lifestyle, taking medication from a doctor, and in some cases, through surgery.

11.Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is a bone disorder characterized by narrowing of the nerve space in the spine. This makes the nerves pressed and pinched and makes the sufferer feel severe pain.

12. Osteonecrosis

Osteonecrosis is a condition of the death of bone tissue. This condition occurs when the bone loses its blood supply. Without a blood supply, the bone tissue will die and the bones will become damaged. Under normal conditions, when there is damaged bone tissue, the body will make new tissue to replace it.

But in people with osteonecrosis, cell damage occurs faster than the body can build new bone. If left unchecked, this condition will make the sufferer feel severe pain in the bones, and within two years it will be difficult to move.

13. Osteomalacia

Osteomalacia is a bone disorder similar to osteoporosis. It’s just that this condition is caused by a deficiency in vitamin D levels in the body that is severe and continues to occur for a long time. Low levels of vitamin D prevent the body from absorbing the calcium it needs to build bones.

So that the bones in the body do not regenerate. In addition, the existing bones are constantly experiencing calcification. Osteomalacia can cause symptoms in the form of muscle pain and the joining of two bones so that they change their shape. In conditions that are severe enough, this disease can also cause sufferers to be more susceptible to fractures.

What are the characteristics of short stories? – Indonesian people are certainly very familiar with short stories or short stories. Short story is a type of story script that is conveyed in a straightforward manner and has a fairly short size. So that this type of story is very widely circulated in Indonesia as a means of disseminating the moral values ​​that the author will convey. If you read a story that is short enough, it could be a short story.

But not only that, there are several other points which are important characteristics of a short story that you should recognize early on. In the following article, we will explain the various characteristics of short stories that you should know. We will also introduce the types of short stories to you later so that you can recognize short stories that are usually printed on various types of media. Let’s check it out!

Characteristics of short stories

Short stories have a number of specific characteristics that set them apart from other written works. There are various characteristics of short stories that identify a story as a short story or short story. The following include:

1. The story is Fictional

The characteristics of the first short story, namely the story is fictitious or does not happen in the real world. And sure enough, almost all short stories tell stories that don’t happen in the real world, aka sheer fiction. So if you make a short story, it should not really happen in the real world.

Even so, short stories are made as similar as possible to events in the real world. However, not a few creators of short stories create stories in the fantasy genre that can be said to be impossible to happen in the real world. And this is what distinguishes short stories from other types of stories.

2. Focus on One Aspect of the Story

Unlike novels, short stories usually focus on one aspect of the story. For example, the incident that is told is a child who is afraid of the number 13. Later from the beginning to the end of the story, the short story will show a solution to the child’s fear of the number 13. So that the scope of the conflict that occurs does not widen everywhere.

This is what makes short stories so popular, because the storytelling is so clear and to the point. And this type of story is widely used by teaching staff when they want to convey a certain moral message. It is not surprising that short stories can be found in textbooks at school.

In order to master good short story writing, there are formulas and ingredients for writing that must be known. Learn all of this in the book The Sakti Book of Writing Short Stories: Signs to Look For.

3 Reveals Problems Limited to Important Things Only

A short story can be said to be more like conveying an aspect of the story, so that later only important issues are highlighted and explained. This one point is like the previous point, and it is even clearer if short stories are a type of story that is described in a to the point manner. It’s not long-winded, it doesn’t have too many explanations, and it doesn’t make the reader dizzy.

Usually the important things in a short story are told once the short opening section has been written. And the most important thing in a short story is usually the conflict. Apart from that, the solution or conflict resolution part is also the most important part which is explained in straightforward language but still has literary elements.

4 Events Presented Carefully And Clearly

As we have said before, short stories are usually explained in language that is straightforward and to the point. In addition, short stories are also usually presented in language that is quite clear and easy to understand. Long-winded sentences such as explanations in novels are not very suitable to be applied to stories.

That way, later anyone who reads the short story will easily guess what the author wants to convey. But that’s the true essence of the short story. Because readers can easily catch the meaning of the story that will be conveyed later. Learn how to make short stories well in the Short Story Learning book.

5 The Characterizations Are Simple

Short stories are less than 10,000 words long, experts say. And within that long story span, of course the characterizations in short stories are not as complicated as those in novels. Maybe even when making a story outline, the author only highlights a small part of the characters to be included in the story.

For example, a woman with a tall body who likes to steal. There are also other characters who are told to be short and generous. With simple characterizations, short stories will be delivered to the point without rambling. Readers can also easily identify the storyline because of the simple characterizations.

6 Doesn’t Describe Everyone’s Story

Another feature, a short story is described as a story that only tells a little story from a few characters. Even though for example there are 5 characters told in the story, the end of the story will probably tell 2 or 3 characters out of all the characters.

Short story writing that does not describe the whole story of the characters shown makes this type of story quite short and likable. Short stories also have their own characteristics that make them widely displayed, especially in Indonesian language books in schools.

7. The number of words is short or short

The last feature is that short stories are shorter than novels. Some even make short stories with only about 300 – 500 words long. But most commonly, short stories are not made of more than 10,000 words, making this type of story quite popular. Usually short stories are also used as a learning tool for elementary – high school children so that later they can obtain certain information.

It’s no wonder that this type of story is often featured in school books, especially Indonesian language books. Apart from that, this type of story is also shown to convey a certain moral message which we hope will be used as a learning tool for readers.

You can learn various important points in short story writing such as plotting, establishing conflict, and many more in the book 13 Points of Writing Short Stories, Guaranteed to Write Short Short Stories!

8. Finished One Sitting

Unlike the literary works of novels or serials or short stories, short stories have the characteristic of being read in one sitting. This means that when you read a short story, you will finish it immediately and you can get the contents of the whole story at one reading. Having sat down once is the most common feature of short stories because short stories do have a shorter textual form than novels.

Find a variety of selected short stories in the Kompas 2020 Selected Short Story book: Tigers which tell about the pandemic situation that is sweeping the world today.

5 Books That Make You Understand More About Short Stories

1. Creative Drawing and Writing Short Stories

2. 13 Points of Short Story Writing

In understanding how to write good short stories, Sinaumed’s can read the book 13 Points of Writing Short Stories, Guaranteed to Write Short Stories in a Short Time! by ImperiaLJathee.

3. In the Midst of Darkness Inuvik SHORT STORY COLLECTION

5. Easy and Fun with Short Stories-Gram

Characteristics of Short Stories from Various Sides

We have studied the characteristics of short stories seen from the constituent elements. But it turns out that there are also characteristics of short stories that can be seen from various other sides. Well, according to Henry Guntur Tarigan, there are various characteristics of short stories from various sides that you can identify. The following include:

1. From the side of expression

Short stories can be seen from the side of the expression, usually this type of story is very expressive and animating. Short story telling can describe or interpret the author’s view of life, especially the life he experienced.

2. In terms of story elements

Identification of short stories can also be seen from the elements of the story. A story can be said as a short story if it reveals a particular incident that can dominate the entire storyline that is disclosed.

3. From a pragmatic perspective

Short stories can be called short stories if they have pragmatic elements. In other words, a short story that has a deep impression that can leave a certain impression can be categorized as a short story.

4. From the acting side

Another point, a short story can be identified if there is a main character or actors who control most of the contents of the story. Even though various types of other story works also have main characters, the percentage of the main character’s presence in short stories can be more intense.

5. From a structural perspective

From a structural point of view, a short story is usually delivered in a concise, concise, and effective and efficient manner. Short story readers will feel a fairly stable tension from the beginning of reading to the end. In contrast to novels, which can make the reader feel prolonged emotions until the end of the story.

A short story usually also has a fairly unified form. In addition, the story told is also very intensive. So that later the readers can feel relieved when they reach the end which is quite a short distance from the opening part. This type of story is very suitable to be read by people with high curiosity.

Articles Related to Short Stories: 

• Definition of short stories
• Characteristics of short stories
• How to Make Short Stories
• Short Story Examples
• Examples of Non-Fiction Stories
• Short Story Book Collection

Short Story Related Books:

• Short Story Book
• Children’s Fairy Tale Book
• Children’s Story Book
• Story book with picture
• Poetry Book
• Quotes Book

Literary Functions in Short Stories

Because it is included in literary works, there are several literary functions in short stories, including the following:

1. Recreative function: to entertain the reader
2. Aesthetic function: to describe the beauty of the reader
3. Didactive function: to educate the reader
4. The function of morality: to convey moral values ​​to the reader
5. The function of religiosity: to convey religious teachings to readers

Well, that’s an explanation of the characteristics of short stories in literary works, especially authorship. The characteristics of these short stories can be a guide when you want to start writing short stories. In addition, you can also observe the characteristics of this short story while reading the story and can interpret the work as a whole.

Book Recommendations & Related Articles

West Javanese Traditional Weapons – Does Sinaumed’s know what types of West Javanese traditional weapons are? Yes, Indonesia does have a variety of regional cultural treasures. Including traditional weapons owned by every region in Indonesia which has its own meaning and history as a regional cultural identity.

Here are some traditional West Javanese weapons that Sinaumed’s need to know about as Indonesian cultural heritage.

List of West Java Traditional Weapons

The following is a variety of traditional weapons from the West Java region along with their cultural history and functions.

1. Cleaver

Kujang is one of the traditional West Javanese weapons whose original shape is similar to a kudi which was originally used as an agricultural tool, but due to changing times, the kudi has become a traditional weapon. This traditional weapon is made in various variations which are the essence of Sundanese cultural teachings in the form of birds and poultry, four-legged animals, as well as frogs.

Based on these variations various groups of cleaver weapons are named depending on the morphology of the flora and fauna of the Sundanese culture. For example, Kujang Jago, Kujang Kunnu, or Kujang Naga. Then, there is also the so-called Kujang Ciung which is one of the popular weapons and also applies as a weapon typical of West Java. In general, the cleaver has an aesthetically pleasing pointed tip.

Kujang function

Sinaumed’s can see the function of the cleaver depending on the size of the blade. If the size of the blade is 10 to 15 cm, this cleaver weapon is believed to function as a talisman. If the size of the blade is 20 to 35 cm, the weapon is classified as an heirloom. If the length of the knife blade is 40 to 50 cm, then the cleaver is included in the category of axes that function as an ax head or spearhead.

In addition, as a traditional West Javanese weapon, the cleaver also has the following functions.

1. Used as a symbol, such as the logo of a government or organization
2. It can be used as an agricultural tool and based on ancient Sanghyang texts the Sundanese usually use this weapon to cut trees, cut plants, and nyaker , or Sinaumed’s can call it a pruning tool.
3. Can be used as decoration or display. This weapon can usually be seen on the walls of Sundanese houses.
4. The Kujang heirloom is a weapon of war. The heirloom ax can be used as a symbol of honor and protection.

Kujang Weapon Parts

This traditional Kujang weapon also has different parts. Here is the detailed part of the cleaver.

1. Papatuk or Congo which is on the edge of a knife and shaped like an arrow. Pepatuk is usually used for nudging.
2. Seluk or Silih which is on the back and functions as a tear towards the enemy.
3. An arch-shaped cistern that protrudes on the abdomen and is pointed at the front. This serves to stab the enemy’s body.
4. Eyes with a total of 5 to 9 small holes on the cleaver. However, if the cleaver has no holes or eyes, this weapon is called a blind axe.
5. Tonggong is the sharp part on the back of the cleaver.
6. Paksi is a pointed ring or ring on the back of the cleaver.
7. The cleaver is the handle or ring at the end of the cleaver.
8. Combo is the hole in the handle of the cleaver.
9. The hem or ramp is the sharp angle towards the edge of the cleaver.
10. Kowak is a wooden sheath and also has a unique scent
11. Pamor is a series of first rows or in the form of dots drawn on the cleaver. Pamor usually acts as an artistic value and also as a reservoir for poison.

2. Bedog

Bedog is a traditional West Javanese weapon that is larger than a cleaver but shorter than a sword with a thick and wide blade. This weapon is also made of metal. However, currently craftsmen usually use raw materials from used car plates.

The use of bedog weapons can be divided into two types, namely bedog gawe or tools for household equipment such as farming and bedog soren or experts which are usually used as patterns of fighters or champions in martial arts and champions.

Bedog Weapon Functions

the function of the bedog is as a symbolic feature used to enhance the dignity of its owner. From an aesthetic point of view, bedog is used as a collection object. And when viewed from its economic function, bedog is able to provide livelihood for the community.

Usually this traditional Sundanese weapon is known by its name which aims to eliminate the spooky effects of this weapon. Its name is “Salam Tunggal”, which means that even if you carry a bedog, you must ensure safety by devoting yourself to the Almighty.

Types of Bedog or Machete

This West Javanese traditional weapon is also available in various forms. Here are some types of bedog forms and their characteristics.

1. Bedog Gaplok is usually used to cut or uproot grass and other plants in the garden.
2. The Pamencitan Bedog or Golok is 25-27 cm long and up to 3 cm wide. This weapon comes from the word peuncit, which means battle in Sundanese. Therefore, this type of bedok is usually used for animal slaughter
3. Bedog or Pamoroan Machete or International Survival Machete. These machetes are usually 40-50 cm long and up to 3.5 cm wide. This type of weapon is usually used for hunting
4. Bedog or Golok Tani is a weapon that is usually 25-30 cm long and about 4 cm wide. Judging from its name, the Sundanese usually use it for activities related to agriculture and plantations
5. The Pamugeulan Bedog or Golok is 23 to 24.5 cm long and about 6 cm wide. People usually use this traditional weapon for heavy activities such as logging. This is supported by the form of a machete which is quite large
6. The Bedog or Sotogayot Machete is 25-27 cm long and 6 cm wide. The Sundanese usually use this weapon to cut bamboo or process bamboo materials
7. Bedog or kitchen cleaver measuring 20-23 cm and 4 cm wide. If the name indicates “kitchen”, it can be concluded that the Sundanese use this weapon for kitchen purposes such as cooking and cutting fuel
8. The Panguseupan machete is about 17-2 cm long and 3 cm wide. Nguseup comes from Sundanese which means “to fish”, so this machete is usually used for fishing in rivers and seas
9. Bedog Cepot ranges in size from 15 to 17 cm and is more than 9 cm wide. This machete is usually used to split

3. Patches

Patik is a traditional weapon in West Java which in Indonesian means axe. The shape of the ax is almost the same as the modern ax in urban areas. Traditionally, this traditional weapon is used by the community to cut down trees. In ancient times, the ancestors of the Sundanese used Patik as a means of expansion.

What is meant by expansion is opening up new areas by clearing forests. Not only that, the use of the ax that has survived to this day is as a tool to find firewood or do other heavy work. This weapon is made of iron and has a strong and sharp edge. The length of the handle of the bat is usually around 30-35 cm.

The blade at the end of this weapon is approximately 10 cm long and up to 4 cm thick. The advantage of the traditional West Java Pick is its strength. Therefore, it is a heavy but very efficient tool to support people’s work in forestry and agriculture.

This weapon is also included in traditional weapons which are very popular and popular among the Sundanese. This means that the majority of farmers and timber hunters in most rural areas use Patik as a weapon.

4. Congkrang

Congkrang is a traditional weapon of West Java which is shaped like a hoe, but much smaller. This traditional weapon is not used as a combat weapon, so it is generally less sharp or not sharp. The traditional congkrang weapon is mainly used to uproot weeds from the ground.

Not only that, this weapon is also used to clear grass and weeds in rice fields and gardens. The Congkrang weapon also has several features, such as the ability to scrape grass from its roots. This traditional weapon has been around for a long time and is still a garden tool used by women to help their husbands.

5. Ani-Ani (Crabs)

In Sundanese, Ani Ani is also known as Etem or Crab. This traditional West Javanese weapon is used to harvest rice. This weapon is usually in the form of a small knife that can be hidden in the palm of the hand.

This traditional rice harvesting weapon was chosen because of the growing belief that Sundanese and Javanese people should not use machetes and sickles. In this belief, Dewi Padi and Nyai Pohaci Sang Hyang Sri are believed to have a calm and gentle personality, and are feared by sharp weapons such as machetes and sickles.

Therefore, if the goddess is afraid, the rice yields will be bad. Harvesting rice with cut stems not only takes time, it also takes time to cut the stems. So that’s when the farmers have to use Ani Ani’s gun to help him. However, this weapon has the disadvantage that it requires quite a long time, because each handle must be harvested accurately.

6. Sulimat

Sulimat is a traditional West Javanese weapon developed to work in the plantation sector, especially the coconut industry. This weapon is usually used to tear or peel coconut skin. This traditional weapon has two sides, a horizontal plane and a vertical plane.

The horizontal side is pushed into the ground to act as a foot or base, and the vertical side moves to the right as it is used on that side to separate the coconuts and the fibers. This traditional weapon is rarely found, but the use of this weapon is very helpful in making coconut shells work faster.

Peeling coconuts is more efficient when using sulimat. The material used to make Sulimat is joined with iron to make the two sides of the weapon, as mentioned above. However, as time went on, this weapon became increasingly rare and became one of the most sophisticated traditional Sundanese weapons.

7. Gacok

Gacok is a traditional West Javanese weapon with a sharp shape like a big fork. Gacok is usually used for agriculture and livestock which is usually used to collect dry grass, clean cages, and clean clothesline. This traditional weapon has a hoe-shaped handle.

But the difference with the others, this weapon cannot use the Gacock to occupy the ground. Unlike the hoe. This traditional weapon is a popular weapon among farmers. In addition to the relatively cheap price, this weapon is also very light, energy efficient and easy to use.

8. Bajra and Mace

Bajra and Gada are West Javanese traditional weapons which were used in the pre-independence era as a means of resistance to expel invaders. This form of weapon is a weapon used by swinging and hitting. This West Javanese traditional weapon usually varies according to the needs of its users.

The mace is also found at this time and has spikes on both ends, so don’t underestimate the scratches and vajra that the Mace causes. In hand-to-hand combat, the attacked enemy suffers fatal wounds and bleeding, and can even see his head.

In ancient times this weapon was popular because the materials used were very simple. In other words, it can be made of hard materials such as teak and iron. However, over time, this weapon has been so forgotten that its existence can usually only be found in museums.

9. Balincong

Balincong is a traditional West Javanese weapon in the form of an ax with two sharp edges. This weapon is usually used to assist in agricultural work. This makes the Balincong weapon one of the most popular weapons around the countryside. This traditional weapon has an iron tip. Although the handle is made of wood.

The tip itself has two sides with the same blade. At first glance, the weapon resembles an axe. However, Balincong does not have a flat and wide side of the weapon. The Balincong weapon is used as a tool for digging the ground and breaking rocks in the fields. This weapon is also useful for tasks such as building irrigation canals in rice fields and strengthening the flow of rivers.

Balincong is divided into 2 types namely long Balincong which usually has a length of about 52 cm with a width of up to 10 cm in a horizontal shape. Balincong of this type is usually used for very heavy work. While the small Balincong has a length of about 38 cm with a flat width of 6 cm and is used as an alternative weapon for other work needs.

10. Baliung

Baliung is a traditional West Javanese weapon in the form of a modern axe. This weapon is usually used to cut down large trees. In other areas, there are weapons such as the Baliung, which only differ in name and designation. The hilt length of this traditional weapon is 30-35 cm. The handle of this weapon looks very thick and heavy.

This is due to the very high level of pressure and cutting power of this weapon. In addition, this weapon also has sharp sides and thickness so that it can scratch the hard tree bark. Even today, these weapons are still widely used by the community, especially to support activities in the forest.

11. Sickles

Arit is one of the traditional West Javanese weapons that still exists today. The sickle is a traditional crescent-shaped weapon, with several functions used to gather grass and other weapons. In several other areas, there are still many types of traditional weapons in the form of sickles. Like the Madurese traditional weapon called sickle or Betawi traditional weapon called sickle.

So, that’s a list of traditional West Javanese weapons that Sinaumed’s should be familiar with. Apart from traditional weapons, there are several things about Indonesian culture that Sinaumed’s needs to know too, such as traditional musical instruments, regional clothing, and traditional food. Sinaumed’s can get books related to Indonesian culture at www.sinaumedia.com . As #FriendsWithoutLimits, sinaumedia will always provide the best products so that you have #MoreWithReading information.

Author: Lala