Part Of Speech Material: Example Sentences, Questions, and Discussion – When studying English, we will find the terms noun, adjective, pronoun and so on. These terms are part of the part of speech.
Part of speech has an important role in forming a sentence so that it is coherent and in accordance with the grammar of the sentence. To find out more about this part of speech , the author has summarized the meaning, types and how to use the correct part of speech .
Definition of Part Of Speech
Part of speech is a classification of words categorized by roles and functions in sentences of a language.
By knowing the part of speech one can know the function of the word in a sentence.
In addition, part of speech is the first step that you need to learn when learning English, its use is to understand sentence forms in English.
Part of speech in English is divided into eight types, viz
- nouns or nouns,
- pronouns or pronouns,
- verbs or verbs,
- adjectives or adjectives,
- adverb or description,
- prepositions or prepositions,
- conjunction or conjunctions,
- interjection or interjection.
Following is a further explanation of the eight types of part of speech and a table of part of speech.
Table of Part Of Speech
| part of speech | function or “job” | example words | example sentences |
|---|---|---|---|
| verb | action or state | (to) be, have, do, like, work, sing, can, must | sinaumedia Literacy is a web site. I like sinaumedia Literacy. |
| noun | thing or person | pen, dog, work, music, town, London, teacher, John | This is my dog . He lives in my house . We live in London . |
| Adjective | describes a noun | good, big, red, well, interesting | Budi is a good teacher |
| adverb | describes a verb, adjective or adverb | quickly, silently, well, badly, very, really | My dog eats quickly . When he is very hungry, he eats really quickly. |
| Pronouns | replaces a noun | I, you, he, she, some | Tara is Indian. She is beautiful. |
| Prepositions | links a noun to another word | to, at, after, on, but | We went to school on Monday. |
| conjunctions | joins clauses or sentences or words | and, but, when | I like dogs and I like cats. I like cats and dogs. I like dogs but I don’t like cats. |
| Interjections | short exclamation, sometimes inserted into a sentence | oh!, ouch!, hi!, well | Ouch ! That hurts! Hi ! How are you? Well , I don’t know. |
8 Types of Part Of Speech and Examples of Part Of Speech
1. Noun / noun
Nouns are used to name people, things, animals, places, ideas or concepts.
As the name implies, nouns are used to mark an object. Usually at the beginning of a noun there is a particle, an or the .
Nouns can be singular or plural as well as concrete or abstract forms. In a sentence, a noun can function as a subject, object or preposition.
Nouns are further divided into seven types, viz
- countable,
- uncountable noun,
- proper,
- common nouns,
- abstract,
- concrete nouns
- collective nouns .
Types of nouns and examples:
- Countable or countable,this noun is a noun that can be counted, for example book, car, phone, bottle . This sentence is a countable noun , because it is clear that the number can be counted easily.
- Uncountable , is the opposite of countable . Nouns of this type cannot be counted, or things that are so large that they cannot be counted. Examples are sand, rice, milk, snow .
- Proper nouns are nouns that have the form of names or nicknames, so that the first letter is capitalized, proper nouns can also be referred to asspecific nouns referring to the naming of an object, nickname or name. For example Indonesia, England, Everest, Sahara, Simone and so on.
- Common Noun , the opposite of a proper noun, a common noun is a common noun , so the first letter of the common noun is not capitalized. For example, country, city, mount, month . The four nouns do not specifically mention the name of the country, city, mount and month referred to in a sentence.
- Abstract noun , as the name implies, this noun expresses things that are abstract in nature such as ideas, concepts, situations, feelings and so on. For example time, idea, imagination.
- Concrete noun , this noun is something that is tangible and the word is material. For example cheese, chocolate, table, hat .
- Collective noun , is a noun or noun that is collective or a collection or group name or refers to a group of animals, people or objects. For example couple, staff, government, utensils, family .
2. Pronouns / pronouns
Pronouns are words that are used to replace nouns .
The use of pronouns can prevent repetition of words which can lead to bad discourse. Pronouns like nouns have several types, including the following.
Types of pronouns and examples:
- Personal , is a pronoun to replace the designation of the person, namely I, You, We, They, He, She, It, Them.
- Demonstrative pronoun , to replace the demonstrative word according to the number and distance. For example this, that, these, those.
- Interrogative , to ask questions. For example who, which, whom, whose, what.
- Indefinite , to state a general thing. For example another, anything, everyone, everything, someone, none, nothing, anywhere.
- Possessive , to show possession or ownership , for example mine, your, hers, his.
- Reciprocal pronoun , to show the word when two or more subjects perform the same action against each other. For example each other, one another
- Relative pronouns , for relative clauses. For example who, which, whom, who.
- Reflexive , to state that the subject receives the action of the verb. For example, myself, myself, myself, myself.
- Intensive , for example, himself, himself, himself, themselves. \
3. Verb / verb
Verb is a verb that is used to express the action, action or state of the subject to show events or circumstances.
Various verbs
Verb has 3 kinds, including:
- Action transitive verb . Indicates the action or ownership and use followed by the direct object. Examples are as follows have, give ride, ask, buy, hit, make, show, eat, drink, sit, stand.
- Intransitive action verbs . The opposite of a transitive verb, showing action but not followed by a direct object. For example arrive, rise, wait, come, go, smile, wait.
- Linking verb , a verb that shows a connecting subject. For example taste, be, remain, act, look seem.
In studying verbs in English, you can look through the Complete New Phrasal Verb Dictionary (English-Indonesian) which also provides translations of these verbs or verbs into Indonesian.
4. Adjective / adjective
Adjectives are adjectives that are used to provide information on nouns or pronouns.
Unlike the previous three speech acts , adjectives do not have another form or type. Examples of adjectives, beautiful, angry, sad, pretty, ugly, handsome.
Adjectives are one of the things that are difficult to learn, therefore the presence of The Highly Selective Dictionary of Golden Adjectives will really help Sinaumed’s to understand them better.
5. Adverbs / adverbs
As the name implies, adverb functions to provide information.
Adverb Types
Adverbs are divided into several types, viz.
- Adverb of manner for example, fast, softly, quickly, well, slowly, hard
- Adverbs of time , for example yesterday, this morning, this afternoon, daily, recently, tonight, early.
- Adverbs of degree , for example enough, so, very, too, quite, just, almost.
- Adverb of frequency for example usually, rarely, always, often, sometimes, barely, daily.
- Adverbs of place , for example behind, in, below, above, somewhere, nearby.
6. Prepositions / prepositions
Prepositions have a function to show the relationship between nouns and other words.
6 Types of Prepositions
Prepositions are divided into six types, viz
- Preposition of time ; after, during, until, since, before.
- Prepositions of place ; in, on, at, above, under
- Prepositions of movements ; inside, outside, into, towards, up, off.
- Preposition of manner ; without, like, by.
- Preposition of purpose ; for
- Preposition of measure or quantity ; by, for
7. Conjunctions / conjunctions
Conjunctions or conjunctions function to connect two words, phrases, clauses, so that they become a sentence.
3 Types of Conjunctions
Conjunctions are divided into three types, as follows.
- Coordinating conjunctions , namely conjunctions that connect two grammatical forms that are the same. For example, and, but, yet, or, for, so.
- Subordinating conjunction , which is a conjunction that connects between the main clause and the subordinate clause. For example, since, although, after.
- Correlative conjunction , which ispaired conjunction . For example, either-or, between-and, from-to, rather-than, if-then.
8. Interjection / interjection
Interjection is a part of speech that is used to express emotions, usually in the form of words.
For example, oh, hey, oops.
Those are the eight types of parts of speech, which the author has explained in accordance with their meaning, examples and how to use them according to the function of each part of speech . So, before making part of speech , you should first determine what type of part of speech you want to make.
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- Participle
- Infinitive
- clause
- Direct & Indirect Speech
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- Degrees of Comparison
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Benefits of Learning Part of Speech
1. Understand each type of word in English
In addition to understanding English words, by studying speech acts you can make English sentences well. In English to be able to make coherent sentences you need to understand grammar, but for most people learning grammar is a bit more difficult.
2. Understand how to place the word in the right sentence
Therefore speech of act is an alternative that you can learn to help make coherent sentences. In one English sentence, at least three types of speech act are needed, so that one coherent sentence can be formed.
An example is She eats tofu . The sentence consists of three speech acts , namely ‘she’ is a speech act from a pronoun , ‘eat’ is a speech act from a verb or verb, ‘tofu’ is a noun , which is a countable noun .
The sentence is the main sentence or the core of the sentence without a derivative sentence, if you want to make the sentence more detailed then you need the role of another type of speech act , such as you can use a conjunction and add an adverb .
3. Understand the two main forms in English sentences
Studying speech of act can make you understand the two main forms in English sentences. In English, there are verbal sentences or sentences that use verbs and nominal sentences or sentences that use adjectives, nouns and adverbs.
These two sentences are the main forms, in the previous explanation the author has given an example of the sentence she eats tofu . This sentence is a verbal sentence because it has a verb in the sentence, while the nominal sentence, for example, is it was a good meal .
In the previous sentence the author gives an example of she eat tofu as a form of verbal sentence , if you want to change the sentence into a nominal sentence , the verb needs to be changed to a noun .
Eat is the form of the verb if you want to change it into a noun to eat . That way the sentence it was a good meal is a nominal sentence which means it was a good meal.
4. Mastering comprehensive English tenses
The final benefit that the writer can explain from studying speech of act is mastery of comprehensive tenses. Tenses or grammar is the main key to mastering English. There are three main tenses that you need to understand, namely present, past and future tenses. Then active and passive tenses, as well as verbal and nominal tenses.
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Examples of Part Of Speech Questions and Discussion
Problem 1
I bought an (expensive) book at the mall.
- adjectival
- verb
- noun
- conjunction
The answer is a. adjective , because the word ‘expensive’ is an adjective which means expensive.
Problem 2
I’m not ready to get married this (year)
- adjectival
- verb
- noun
- adverb
The answer is d. adverb , because the word ‘year’ is an adverb that shows a description of time or time.
Problem 3
I haven’t finished my project (because) I’m very busy
- conjunction
- verb
- prepositions
- noun
The answer is a. conjunction , because the word ‘because’ is a conjunction which is included in the subordinating conjunction , which is a conjunction that connects the main clause with the subordinate clause.
Problem 4
I love (playing) the piano
- noun
- verb
- adverb
- adjectival
The answer is b.verb , because the word ‘playing’ is an action transitive verb which indicates a verb and is followed by a direct object, namely the piano.
Problem 5
we should (try) new restaurant near my home, they said the food was good.
- adjectival
- verb
- prepositions
- adverb
The answer is b. verb , because the word ‘try’ is a transitive action verb which indicates a verb and is followed by a direct object , namely new restaurant.
Problem 6
do not try to approach her when she was (mad).
- adjectival
- verb
- prepositions
- adverb
The answer is a. adjective , because the word ‘mad’ is a synonym of the word ‘angry’ which means angry and shows an adjective.
Problem 7
he brought (his) lunch today
- pronouns
- verb
- prepositions
- adverb
The answer is a.pronoun , which is a pronoun that shows ownership or possessive pronoun.
Problem 8
he is the best student ever (in) this school
- adjectival
- verb
- prepositions
- adverb
The answer is c. preposition , because the word ‘in’ is a preposition that shows the preposition of place , namely school.
Problem 9
(Indonesia) is a big and beautiful country
- noun
- verb
- prepositions
- adverb
The answer is a. noun , because the word ‘Indonesia’ is a word that specifically indicates the name of a country or is in the form of a proper noun .
Problem 10
I put my bottles (between) my book and my pencils
- adjectival
- verb
- prepositions
- conjunction
The answer is d. conjunction , because the word ‘between’ is a correlative conjunction in the form of between-and.
Problem 11
take your sister (with) you
- adverb
- prepositions
- conjunction
- pronouns
The answer is b. preposition , because the word ‘with’ functions to connect nouns with pronouns.
Problem 12
she is (sleepy)
- adverb
- prepositions
- conjunction
- adjectival
The answer is d.adjective , because sleepy is an adjective that describes the state of the subject.
Problem 13
i will (never) forget you
- adverb
- prepositions
- conjunction
- adjectival
The answer is a.adverb , because never is a word that describes another verb.
Problem 14
(Matt) is the new manager
- adverb
- noun
- conjunction
- adjectival
The answer is b. noun , because the words in brackets are included in proper nouns, namely in the form of nicknames or nicknames for someone.
Problem 15
(uh), can we go out of this house now?
- conjunction
- adjectival
- injection
- verb
The answer is c. interjection, is a word to express emotion.
Those are fifteen examples of questions and their answers along with their discussion. By studying speech acts from this article, it is hoped that it will help you understand each word in English. Because English is different from Indonesian.
English cannot be interpreted one by one, by understanding speech acts you can understand changes in the form of English words, for example the word clever , is a speech act adjective , but if the form is changed to cleverness it changes to a noun or a noun and when it is changed again becomes cleverly then the word becomes an adverb or adverb.
The author hopes that this article can help and increase the reader’s knowledge about part of speech material . Have fun practicing.