Recognizing Echoes – In today’s daily life, does Sinaumed’s realize that all the sounds that Sinaumed’s often listens to actually reflect?
Yup, like a ball that is reflected on the ground, the sound produced by humans, animals, or inanimate objects can also reflect, it’s just that the appearance of the reflected sound has no form because sound also has no form. Sinaumed’s needs to know that sound is also a form of energy.
Then, what are the kinds of reflected sounds? Come on, let’s look at the following review so that Sinaumed’s can understand the reflected sound well!
What Is Meant By Sound?
Before discussing the types of reflected sounds, Sinaumed’s must first understand what sound is. Sound actually has the same meaning as sound. This sound or sound can be produced by anything including humans, animals, and even objects that are around Sinaumed’s .
Adapted from the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) sound has the meaning that something is heard or heard by the human ear. If made as an illustration, the sound has a wave shape. Well, as previously explained that sound is also a form of energy. Sound energy usually comes from a vibrating object and the vibrations that propagate are commonly referred to as waves.
Sound is a longitudinal wave that propagates in a density and stretching manner formed by intermediary particles (air molecules) and also generated from sound sources that experience vibrations. The sound that propagates will eventually reach the ears and eventually be heard and understood by the brain.
In general, sound can be measured in Hertz (Hz) and loudness can be measured in decibels.
What Is Sound Energy?
Sound energy is all abilities that occur as a result of the influence of sound. Even when Sinaumed’s speaks or walks, it will make a sound. Well, all of these sounds are of course produced by a sound source.
Sound Source
Sound sources are all objects that can produce a sound and have various types because not all sounds can be produced from just one source. An example is a guitar instrument, the source of the sound is in the form of strings. In addition, the way the sound source works in order to produce a sound also varies.
Discussion about the source of the sound will not be separated from the presence of resonance. Resonance is the vibration of an object caused by another object, so that the sound produced becomes stronger and louder. The existence of this resonance is generally used in musical activities, using a tool called a resonator.
It should be noted that the sound will sound loud or loud if Sinaumed’s’ ear is near the sound source. Well, the resulting sound will be strong, weak, shrill, and also low-pitched.
Based on the strength and weakness of the sound (frequency), the sound can be divided into 3 types, namely:
1. Infrasound
Infrasound is a very weak sound that has a number of sound vibrations of less than 20 Hz per second. The human ear is generally unable to hear the sound, only certain animals can hear it, such as dogs, cats, crickets, and so on.
2. Audiosonics
Audiosonics is a type of sound that has vibrations ranging from 20-20,000 Hz per second. With this number of vibration sizes, of course the human ear is able to catch and hear it.
3. Ultrasonic
Ultrasonic is a type of sound that has a very strong frequency, even at a level above audiosonic. The number of sound vibrations is more than 20,000 Hz per second. However, even though it has strong sound vibrations, the human ear is unable to perceive and hear it. Only certain animals can hear it, such as dolphins and bats.
Kinds of Reflective Sounds
It should be noted that the reflected sound is the sound that occurs due to a sound wave hitting a reflective surface and then the sound wave is reflected back by the reflecting surface. There are several types of reflected sounds, namely echoes and echoes.
1. Echoes
An echo sound is a type of reflected sound that sounds less clear, not even as clear as the original sound. This echo sound can occur because the original sound has been mixed with the reflected sound.
Reverberation usually occurs at a distance between the reflecting walls of about 10 to 20 meters, and occurs inside buildings, such as conference halls, cinema halls, and concert halls.
For example, Sinaumed’s is watching a concert of his favorite artist, then the vocalist calls out the word “Search”, later as a result of the echo sound, Sinaumed’s will listen to the word “search” with a pause. Here’s an illustration:
Original sound: ca – ri
Reflected sound: ca — ri
Sounds heard : look for ———— ri
2. Echo Sound
Echo sound is a type of reflected sound that appears after the original sound. This means that the sound of the reflected sound will only be heard with a pause that is not too long after the original sound has been created. Echoes can occur because the sound source and the reflecting wall are far enough away.
Unlike the sound of echoes, this echo sound often occurs in caves, cliffs, hillsides, and also in football stadiums. The similarity of these places is that the distance between the reflecting walls is more than 20 meters. For example, when Sinaumed’s is in a cave, when Sinaumed’s shouts the word “Hello”, then the reflected sound of the word “Halo” will come out after the original sound disappears.
3. Amplify Original Sound
The next type of reflected sound is that which strengthens the original sound. In contrast to the types of reflected sound that have been described previously, in this type the reflected sound will actually amplify the original sound, because the distance between the sound source and the reflecting wall is very close, so the time needed for sound to reflect back is also relatively short. .
Therefore, this type of reflected sound will be heard and considered at the same time as the original sound, even the original sound can sound louder. Usually this happens when Sinaumed’s is singing in the bathroom.
Whether the sound is strong or not depends on several factors, namely:
- Resonance
- Amplitude (maximum deviation of a wave that will affect the sound strength) of the sound source
- The distance between the sound source and the listener
- The distance between the listener and the reflecting wall
- Benefits of Reflected Sound
- Can be used to measure the depth of the sea, especially in ultrasonic sound.
- To detect the fetus in the womb, usually using infrasound.
- To detect damage to a metal.
- There are speakers on the radio, television, to cell phones. Usually using audiosonic sound.
- For the search for ships or metal treasures on the seabed.
What are the Properties of Sound Energy?
Sound energy has special properties, namely it can move to another place, by propagating through certain media. Not only that, sound can also be reflected and absorbed.
1. Sound Can Travel Through Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Many people think that sound can only travel through solids, when in fact, sound can also travel through liquids and gases, you know…
The vibrations produced by sound will later propagate in the form of waves, therefore they are called sound waves. Well, sound waves can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. Even the fastest propagation is when through the air. An example is when ringing a bell.
Through solid objects, for example when playing telephone using strings and cans. Sound waves will propagate through the strings to Sinaumed’s’ ears .
Through liquid objects such as when two stones are dropped into water
Through gaseous substances, for example when birds sing and the sound vibrations enter Sinaumed’s’ ears . Then, there is also the sound of thunder during the rainy season.
You also need to know, Sinaumed’s , that sound cannot travel in a vacuum. A vacuum is a room that has no air in it.
2. Sound Can Be Absorbed and Reflected (Reflection)
When a sound wave propagates in a solid object and hits the surface of the object, the sound will be absorbed or even reflected. For example, sound hitting the surface of a cave will reflect off to form an echo.
The types of reflected sounds have been discussed in the previous point, namely there are echoes, echoes, and sounds that are heard after the original sound. Even though the sound is reflected and causes the original sound to not be heard clearly, there are many benefits, you know, from the existence of this reflected sound, one of which is to detect a potential fetus in a mother’s womb.
3. Sounds Can Experience Refraction (Refraction)
Not only light can experience refraction, but also sound. This is because light and sound both have waves, where the main characteristic of the wave is to experience refraction.
An example of a sound refraction event is when the sound of thunder can be heard at night which is louder than during the day.
This can happen because during the day, the upper layer of air tends to be colder than the lower layer. Therefore, the speed of sound is slower in colder temperatures than in hotter temperatures, so the speed of sound in the upper layers of air is lower than in the lower layers.
4. Sound Can Experiencing Flexion (Diffraction)
Sound waves are very easy to experience bending or diffraction because sound waves in the air have wavelengths in the range of centimeters to several meters.
An example of this sound diffraction is when Sinaumed’s can already hear the sound of a vehicle’s engine at a corner, even though Sinaumed’s has not seen the vehicle because it is blocked by the buildings around the corner.
5. Sounds Experiencing Mixture (Interference)
It turns out that sound waves can experience symptoms of combination or interference. Well, this interference is divided into two types, namely constructive interference (sound amplification) and destructive interference (sound attenuation).
An example of sound wave interference is when Sinaumed’s is between two loudspeakers with the same frequency and amplitude, then later Sinaumed’s will hear alternating loud and weak sounds.
Sound Requirements
Even though anyone and anything can produce sound, in order for it to be heard by human ears and animal ears, it also requires several conditions, namely there must be a medium, a source of sound, and a listener.
1. There is Medium
Previously, it was explained that sound can travel through solid, liquid, and gas objects. Well, these objects can become a medium for sound propagation to occur. Therefore there is a statement that sound cannot be produced in a vacuum.
The existence of the medium also influences the speed of sound. An example is the sound of thunder. The sound of thunder can be caught by human and animal ears because it propagates through the air. If air has a temperature of around 20०C then the speed of sound is 343 m per second.
Another thing if the medium is a liquid, then the speed of sound is around 1,500 m per second. The speed of sound is usually used to search for treasure or ships on the seabed.
Then in the medium in the form of solid objects, especially steel, the speed of propagation is around 6,000 m per second. This experiment on the speed of propagation of sound in a solid medium can be done simply by tapping the table with a pencil.
2. There is a Sound Source
The source of the sound is the vibration of the object that produces the sound. If Sinaumed’s’ ear is closer to the sound source, the sound will be clearer and louder. An example of a sound source is the sound of a guitar coming from plucked strings, the sound of a drum coming from animal skins being beaten, and so on.
3. There is a Listener
So, those who can hear various sounds around Sinaumed’s are humans and animals. How can sound be heard? Namely by relying on the sense of hearing in the form of ears.
Sound Characteristics
- Tone is a sound that has a regular frequency
- Wheezing is a sound that has an irregular frequency
- Timbre is the color of sound, which is in the form of the overall auditory impression obtained by Sinaumed’s’ ear from the sound source.
- A boom is a sound that has a large amplitude and is heard suddenly.
Benefits of Sound for Human Life
The presence of sound is of course very beneficial for human life in various fields, even including in the health sector though. So, here are the benefits of sound:
- Detects the presence of tumors in the human body.
- Destroys kidney stones in the human body.
- Ultrasound (Ultrasonography), which is a method for detecting a fetus in a mother’s womb. In this case, it will usually use ultrasonic waves.
- To measure the depth of the sea, detect the presence of mines, search for sunken ships, and locate fish groups using SONAR (Sound Navigating Ranging) tools.
- To detect the oil and mineral content in the earth, especially using ultrasonic waves.
- To measure the length of cave passages and investigate metal damage, using sound reflection.
- Tones sung by humans can be used to study the expression of human thoughts, motivations and emotions.
Well, that’s an explanation of the types of reflected sounds and the benefits of sound for everyday human life. Even though sound is closely related to Sinaumed’s’ life , without realizing it, it turns out that the existence of sound is very useful, isn’t it?