Long Jump Style – The long jump is one of the athletic branches of jumping where long jump
athletes run and then jump until they reach the farthest distance. Even though it is one of the
branches of athletics, not everyone knows what the long jump is, the basic techniques, and the
styles.
To find out more about the long jump, you can see this article, Sinaumed’s. So, read this article
to the end, Sinaumed’s.
History of the Long Jump Sport
Before discussing the various styles of the long jump, it’s a good idea to discuss the history of the long
jump first. The history of the long jump itself is estimated to have existed since 13 centuries
ago. This sport, which has existed since 708 AD, existed during the Ancient Olympics in
Greece.
The long jump itself is not the only jumping championship which was later included in the Ancient Olympics.
All the competitions held at the Ancient Olympics were intended as military exercises for war.
Then, the emergence of this long jump sport is believed to train the agility of warriors in
breaking through existing obstacles, such as ravines or ditches.
At that time, long jumpers were required to run with a weight. The burden that was carried was
placed in his hands. The weight of the load is around 1-4.5 kg and all these activities are
known as dumbbells. then required to run with a weight in both hands known as halteres with a
weight of 1 to 4.5 kg.
The sport of long jump has also been performed by jumpers from Sparta with a record jump of 7.05 meters.
In the modern world, the long jump has been a part of Olympic competition since the first
appearance of this competition in 1896.
Finally, in 1914, Dr. Harry Eaton Stewart then recommended that a standardized running broad
jump be made for female athletes too, so that they could also hold long jump competitions.
These recommendations were taken into consideration and also implemented, so that long jump female
athletes emerged and could take part in the Olympics.
Although this sport was part of the Ancient Olympic Games, it was not until 1896, at the first modern
Olympics, that the long jump was officially contested. As for the new women’s long jump which
began in 1948.
Basic Techniques for Doing Long Jumps
A good long jump athlete will definitely need speed and leg muscle strength, as well as flexibility in
moving the body in the air. Athletes will also start running, take off, and land in the sandbox
to get the maximum distance.
How to do this long jump consists of four phases, namely prefix, takeoff, hovering, and landing.
The following below are the steps that must be taken when doing the long jump.
1. Initial phase (run up)
The start phase begins with a sprint then onto the takeoff board, except for the last two strides.
The long jump athlete also has a trajectory to do the 40 meter prefix. This distance
is an effective distance for building speed and momentum before making a jump.
When doing this phase, you must try to keep the pace. Generally, long jump athletes will take
about 20 to 22 steps when doing the prefix. Whereas. for beginners, start with at
least 8 steps for beginners.
2. The take-off phase
After doing the last two steps, the next long jump athlete will do the take-off phase. At this
stage, one of the feet will remain on the ground to support the body so that it can do the repulsion.
This stage will produce movements that will allow the body to reach a certain height. That
way, the long jumper will be able to fly longer and of course be able to fly farther.
Therefore, when doing this stage, you must be able to make sure that your feet are well planted so that you
can produce maximum repulsion. Long jumps on your heels will have a braking effect and also
reduce momentum. Meanwhile, jumping on toes can make the body unstable or even reduce the long
jumper’s distance. .
3. The flight phase
The attitude and movement of the body in the air will then depend on the initial speed and the strength of
the repulsion. The long jump will also be carried out after leaving the pedestal beam.
When doing floating movements, you must pay attention so that you don’t fall easily. To
maintain body balance, this can be done by swinging both hands which will help the athlete maintain body
balance.
Then the movement of the legs must go when the body is in a floating position, so that it will make the
landing distance easier. In addition, there are a number of things that must be considered when
the jumper’s body is in a flying position, namely maintaining body balance and trying to fly as long as
possible and having to prepare the feet for landing.
4. Landing phase
Every inch of landing itself is very important, so make sure to do the correct landing technique in the
sandbox so it doesn’t affect the distance of the jump. To ensure that the landing reaches the
maximum distance, an athlete will also perform several maneuvers when landing.
Typically, athletes will focus on keeping their feet in front of the body. The athlete can do
this by bringing the heels up and the head down with a full hip stretch. On landing, the
athlete will also make a sweeping motion with the arms to keep the legs upright and the body forward.
Various Long Jump Styles
The long jump itself refers to the movement an athlete makes during the hovering phase after taking off
from the board. Some of these styles include the squat style (float style), hanging style (hang
style), and walking in the air style which have their own characteristics. Here’s the full
explanation.
1. Squat style ( float style )
In the long jump squat style or what is also known as the orthodox style, the main goal of this style is to
run as fast as possible from a distance of 40 to 45 m on the track. The long jump technique
will start with running as fast as possible from the start of the track and not reducing speed until finally
doing the pedestal when jumping.
When doing repulsion, the body will be moved more, and also start with the tip of the heel, sole of the
foot and toe of the foot. After that, both legs will be moved forward. While in
the air straight arms forward along with the body, then move the hands back. When landing, also
make sure to use the heel tip. Do not let the body fall backwards because it will reduce the
distance of the jump.
2. Hanging style ( hang style )
Hanging style or hang style is one of the styles of the long jump whose speed cannot be changed when it is
resting on a pedestal or on a wooden board. This hanging style long jump technique is performed
with the body bouncy forward, then the position of the hands next to the ears and the position of the feet
tightly behind while in the air.
For prefix, repulsion or pedestal and landing techniques the same as the above technique. As
with the squat style, the body position in this style itself is more upright. In the hanging
style, backward and forward swings will be applied to the legs, along with the arms which are also swung
backwards and forwards.
Then, when landing, both legs will straighten forward and land using both heels first to maintain body balance.
3. Walking style in the air ( walking in the
air style )
Long jump gait in the air is a long jump style in which the long jump movement will look like you are
walking in the air. When the body is floating in the air leg movements as if running or walking
in the air.
When doing a pedestal that can be used on the left foot or right foot according to the jumper’s habits, you
should use the leg that has the dominant strength. When your feet rest on the block, your body
must be leaning forward to maintain balance.
Foresight with both arms that are on the sides of the body and when resting on speed which is then
developed through an uninterrupted start. After the jumper rests on the pedestal beam, the body
can also be lifted into the air. By doing the attitude of walking in the air, the two legs will
take turns pedaling in the air.
Before this foot lands, you should be in a position in the air as long as possible, so that later you can
produce a maximum jump. At the time of landing the jumper must also try to extend both hands
forward and pulled backwards. Meanwhile, the legs are launched forward as far as possible.
Land both feet simultaneously so that later to avoid injury, drop your weight forward.
The form of the long jump sports field
The long jump sports field itself consists of two main parts, namely the running track for the start and
the sandbox for landing. The standard size of the long jump field in official competitions is
as follows.
- Running track. The runway starts with a hard concrete surface with a minimum length of 40
meters. At the end of the running track, there is then a block for takeoff with a thickness
of 5 cm, a width of 20 cm, and the distances between the blocks and the sandbox are 1 meter. - Sandbox. The landing area which is then filled with sand is 9 meters long and between
2.75 and 3 meters wide.
Long Jump Sports Branch Regulations
The International Association of Athletics Federations or IAAF or currently known as World Athletics has made a
number of regulations, ranging from the jumping process to athlete equipment as follows:
- All jumps must then be completed within one minute of stepping onto the running track.
- The jumper’s leg must not cross the edge or foul line which is then located right after the takeoff
block. If any part of the foot crosses the line of infringement, then the jump becomes
invalid. - In a race, jumpers will generally have three chances to jump. Unauthorized jumps will
then reduce the opportunity. - The judge will also measure the distance of the jump from the edge of the foul line to the first landing
point which the jumpers then make. - Somersault movement techniques are not allowed when making jumps.
- It is not allowed to wear running shoes with a sole thickness of more than 13 mm.
- Apart from these points, there are other more specific regulations that long jump athletes need to pay
attention to. In determining the winner, the jumper with the farthest jump distance, then
he is the winner.
Long jump style is one of the athletics sports which is still being contested, especially in the Olympic
championships. After knowing more about the sport of long jump and long jump styles, are you
interested in becoming a long jump athlete?
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