Difference Between Research Method and Research Methodology
When conducting research, it is important to understand the difference between research method and research methodology. While they are related, they have distinct differences that can impact the outcome and effectiveness of research studies.
Research Method
Research method refers to the specific techniques and tools that are used to collect data during a research study. This includes data collection methods such as surveys, experiments, observations, interviews, and case studies. The research method is focused on the actual process of gathering data, and typically involves a prescribed set of steps to follow.
Each research method has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the method chosen will depend on the research question being asked and the type of data being collected. For example, a survey may be more appropriate if the research question involves gathering information on opinions or attitudes, while an experiment may be more appropriate if the research question involves testing a hypothesis.
Research Methodology
Research methodology, on the other hand, refers to the overall approach or framework for conducting a research study. This includes the theoretical principles and philosophies that guide the research process, as well as the overall design and structure of the study.
Research methodology involves a consideration of the research question, the population being studied, the data collection methods being used, and the data analysis techniques that will be employed. It also involves a consideration of potential biases or limitations that may impact the validity of the study, and the steps that will be taken to minimize or address these issues.
Research methodology is critical to the success of a research study, as it guides the entire process and ensures that the research is rigorous, systematic, and credible. It is important for researchers to carefully consider their methodology, and to be transparent about their approach so that others can assess the validity and reliability of the findings.
In conclusion, while research method and research methodology are related, they are distinct concepts that have different roles to play in the research process. A solid understanding of both is necessary to conduct effective and credible research studies, and to ensure that the results are reliable, valid, and useful for informing policy and practice.
Table difference between research method and research methodology
| Research Method | Research Methodology |
|---|---|
| Refers to the specific techniques or procedures used to conduct research | Refers to the overall strategy or plan for conducting research |
| Examples include surveys, experiments, case studies, interviews, observations, and focus groups | Includes the various steps involved in conducting research, such as defining the problem or research question, formulating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions |
| Often used interchangeably with research design, which refers to the overall plan for conducting research that includes the research method as well as other factors such as sample selection, data collection instruments, and data analysis techniques | Helps to ensure that the research is thorough, reliable, and valid by providing guidelines for conducting research, analyzing data, and reporting findings |
| Focuses on the specific details and techniques involved in carrying out research | Focuses on the broader issues involved in conducting research, including the philosophy of science, the ethics of research, and the development of new research methods |