Biography of Ir. Soekarno – Sinaumed’s must be familiar with Ir. Soekarno, Indonesian National Hero who was the first president of the Republic of Indonesia. His struggles and services for the Indonesian nation are countless, and his prowess is not only well-known domestically but internationally. That is why the biography of Ir. Soekarno is very interesting to be discussed and known by generations of Indonesians.
The figure of Soekarno has its own place for Indonesian society and provides many role models for the nation. Soekarno put a lot of energy, thought, even his soul for Indonesia, from fighting colonialism to building this nation into what it is today. Soekarno became an important figure in Indonesian history who will always be remembered for his services.
The following is a brief description of the biography of Ir. Soekarno, which Sinaumed’s needs to know as the nation’s generation, so that he can reap positive values from the story of the proclaimer.
Ir. Sukarno
Full name : Ir. Sukarno
Nickname: Bung Karno
Nickname: Kusno
Place, date of birth : Surabaya, 6 June 1901
Islam
Wife’s Names: Fatmawati, Hartini, Ratna Sari Dewi, Kartini Manopo, Haryati, Yurike Sanger, and Heldy Djafar
Names of Children: Guntur, Megawati, Rachmawati, Sukmawati, Thunder (from Fatmawati) Typhoon, Bayu (from Hartini) Kartika (from Ratna Sari Dewi)
Education : HIS in Surabaya, Hogere Burger School (HBS), Technische Hoogeschool (THS) in Bandung
Died: Jakarta, June 21, 1970
Buried: Blitar, East Java
Personal Life Ir. Sukarno
Ir. Soekarno or familiarly called Bung Karno was born on June 6, 1901 in Surabaya, East Java with his first name Kusno Sosrodihardjo and died on June 21, 1970 in Jakarta. Bung Karno was the son of the couple Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo and Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai. Because he was sickly, little Soekarno was cared for by his older brother named Raden Hardjodikromo in Tulungagung. Soekarno returned to live with his father and mother in 1909 in Mojokerto.
It was in Mojokerto that his father was assigned as head of the Eerste Inlandse School and Soekarno also attended school there . Since living back with his parents, Soekarno changed his name from Kusno to Soekarno so that he would not be sick anymore and could grow healthily. Since childhood Soekarno has become a child who achieves even able to master many languages. That is why Soekarno’s intelligence is known by the world.
In 1911 Soekarno moved again to ELS which was equivalent to Elementary School (SD) which was specially prepared to enter the Hogere Burger School (HBS) in Surabaya. In 1915 Soekarno graduated from school at ELS and then lived at the house of his father’s friend, Haji Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto or HOS Cokroaminoto who was the founder of the Islamic Union. Since then Soekarno was noble to know the world of struggle which ultimately made him really want to fight for the Indonesian nation.
At the Cokroaminoto Residence, young Soekarno began to study politics a lot and practiced a lot of speeches. It was there that Sukarno began to know and interact with great figures, such as Dr. Douwes Dekker, Tjipto Mangunkusumo, and Ki Hajar Dewantara. They were the leaders of the National Indische Partij organization at that time.
Going to school at HBS gave Soekarno a lot of experience and lessons, until he finally graduated in 1921. After that Soekarno moved back to Bandung and lived with Haji Sanusi to continue his education at the Technische Hooge School (THS) majoring in civil engineering or us. known now as the ITB campus. It was there that Soekarno earned his engineering degree by graduating on May 25, 1926.
Soekarno was inaugurated along with eighteen other elements at the 61st ITB Anniversary on 3 July 1926. According to Prof. Jacob Clay as head of the faculty on the campus expressed his pride because there were 3 Javanese engineers, namely Soekarno, Anwari and Soetedjo, and engineers from other regions.
During his lifetime, Soekarno married several women, namely Fatmawati, Hartini, Ratna Sari Dewi, Kartini Manopo, Haryati, Yurike Sanger, and Heldy Djafar. Upon his marriage, Soekarno was blessed with 11 children. In the end, some of Soekarno’s descendants also followed in his father’s footsteps in Indonesian politics.
Namely his daughter named Megawati Soekarnoputri who had served as the 5th president of the Republic of Indonesia, Rachmawati Soekarnoputri, and Sukmawati Soekarnoputri. His first son and Fatmawati, Guntur Soekarnoputra, did not enter politics like himself and his younger sisters.
Political Journey Ir. Sukarno
Talking about Ir. Soekarno’s biography is incomplete if you don’t discuss his extraordinary work in the world of politics. Ir. Soekarno even plunged into the world of politics from a very young age. Soekarno became famous for the first time in 1915 when he became a member of the Surabaya Branch of Jong Java. According to Soekarno, most organizations in Indonesia are still Java-centric, which only think about culture.
That’s what made Soekarno need to answer the challenge. Because of his sadness, Soekarno also gave a speech using ngoko (rough Javanese) at the Jong Java annual plenary meeting in Surabaya. Not long after, after a month of the meeting, Soekarno sparked the idea to make the Jong Java newspaper use Malay instead of Dutch.
Soekarno then founded Algemeene Studie (ASC) in Bandung in 1926 which was the result of inspiration from Dr. Soetomo at the Indonesische Study Club. It was this ASC organization that became the forerunner to the founding of the major party in Indonesia, the Indonesian National Party, which was born in 1927. Thanks to his being active in the PNI organization, Soekarno was arrested by the Dutch because he was considered a danger to the colonial government.
December 29, 1929 Sukarno was arrested in Yogyakarta to be transferred to the Banceuy prison in Bandung. Then in 1930 he was moved to Sukamiskin prison and in this year Soekarno also issued a pledoi Indonesia suing which was phenomenal at that time until he was finally released on December 31, 1931. After being released from prison, in 1932 Soekarno joined the Indonesian Party (Partindo) which was still a PNI fragment because at that time the PNI was disbanded and declared banned by the Dutch.
But his activities at Partino again led to prison in 1933 in Folders exile because of a dangerous movement for the Netherlands. Because his exile was long enough and very far away, it almost made other Indonesian national figures forget Soekarno’s existence and involvement. This did not make him give up and Soekarno continued to send letters to Ahmad Hasan, a teacher of Islamic Unity.
In 1938 Soekarno was then exiled to Bengkulu Province until 1942. During the Japanese occupation in 1942 Soekarno was only released again. After going through a long journey, in 1943 the Japanese prime minister, Hideki Toja, invited Soekarno, Muhammad Hatt, and Ki Bagoes Hadikoesoemo who were then warmly welcomed by Emperor Hirohito. The three of them have been considered as the imperial family of Japan by being bestowed with the Imperial Star (Sacred Pearl).
Since the Japanese colonial period, many organizations emerged, such as Jawa Hokokai, BPUPKI, Center for People’s Power (Putera) to PPKI with the main figures namely Soekarno, KH Mas Mansyur, Ki. Hajar Dewantara, and other figures active in national movement organizations. Finally the national movement figures bought clenbuterol in collaboration with the Japanese government for Indonesian independence. Although there are still those who carry out the underground movement, such as Amir Sjarifuddin and Sutan Syahrir, who do not fully believe in Japan and consider it dangerous and fascist.
During the long struggle finally Sukarno and Moh. Hatta proclaimed Indonesia’s independence on August 17, 1945 which was urged by young people and was kidnapped to Rengasdengklok. Since then Soekarno was appointed as the first President of Indonesia and began to be known as the Proclaimer accompanied by Mohammad Hatta as his deputy. Previously, on June 1, 1945, at the BPUPKI Soekarno meeting, he had put forward the idea of the basis of the State, namely Pancasila, which is still the basis of our State.
After successfully formulating Pancasila, Soekarno attempted to unify the archipelago into the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Even the nations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America were attempted by Soekarno at the 1955 Asian-African Conference in Bandung until it eventually developed into the Non-Aligned Movement. It was thanks to Soekarno’s services that many countries in the Asian-African region supported them, although some had prolonged conflicts due to injustice in their countries. That is why Soekarno is known for carrying out the free and active politics of the international world.
For the glory of his struggle for Indonesia, Ir Soekarno also experienced a period of decline in his politics after Vice President Mohammad Hatta finally decided to resign and separate from Soekrano in 1956. In addition, there were many separatist rebellions that occurred in several regions in Indonesia. Based on historical records, the peak of the rebellion was when there was a rebellion known as the G30S PKI which devastated Indonesian society at that time.
It was because of this incident that Sukarno was ostracized by the president who replaced him, namely Suharto. Because he was old and often sick, Soekarno finally died in Jakarta, Wisma Yaso to be precise on June 21, 1970. Then his body was buried in Blitar and has become an icon of the city of Blitar to this day. Soekarno’s grave is always crowded with pilgrims and tourists who come on certain days and are very busy during the haul of the Proclaimer.
Relics of Personal Items Ir. Sukarno
The passing of a figure who was once the number one person in Indonesia left many historical relics in his struggle for the Indonesian Nation. Until now, Sinaumed’s can still see Ir. Soekarno following in some famous museums in Indonesia:
1. Black Cap
In historical documents, we must be familiar with Sukarno, who always wore a black cap. This item has even become the hallmark of Bung Karno. Until now, we can still find many people who still use this black cap. In fact, it was almost rare to see Soekarno seen without his black cap at that time.
2. Wesi Kuning
Soekarno’s yellow wesi or yellow iron is shaped like Minak Jinggo’s mace. This item is considered to have supernatural powers for Sukarno.
3. Command Stick
The stick of command, made of wood from the Kalak mountains, Ponorogo, East Java, was never left by Soekarno. Even until his visit abroad, this stick was still carried by Soekarno. This stick has become an item that Soekarno must carry anywhere
4. Puputan War Relics Keris
Soekarno was very fond of collecting various kinds of keris, one of his collections, namely the very famous Puputan war keris. This keris is even believed by many people to make Soekarno the president of Indonesia.
5. Monkey Stick
Monkey stick owned by Ir. Soekarno got when he was in Dutch exile. Soekarno often carried the stick in his daily activities.
6. White Coat
The white coat is the attire often worn by Soekarno at several national events at home or abroad. In fact, this item has become the unique identity of the Proclaimer. This white coat can make Soekarno’s appearance more authoritative and bring a positive aura to him.
7. Ajian Lembu Sekilan
This item belonging to Soekarno is said to have been the magic of Patih Gajah Mada who had supernatural powers to protect Soekarno’s safety.
8. Keris Loses Body
The magic keris, which was known to have been owned by General Soedirman, was also owned by Soekarno. This keris was also considered to have certain supernatural powers for Soekarno in his lifetime.
Awards Received by Ir Soekarno
Sinaumed’s needs to know that Soekarno’s greatness was not only domestically but also recognized worldwide. During his life Soekarno has received many awards from the title of Doctor Honoris Causa from 26 universities in the country and abroad. Soekarno had many awards during his work in the world of politics, especially his struggle for statehood. The following is a list of awards that Soekarno had during his lifetime that Sinaumed’s needs to know:
- First Class Star of The Order of the Supreme Companions From South African President, Thabo Mbeki
- Lenin Star From Russian Government
- Grand Yugoslav Star From the Government of Yugoslavia
- Grand Of The Order Of The Southern Cross From The Government Of Brazillia
- Grand Knight of The Order If Oats IX of the Vatican Holy See
- Satyalancana Pioneers of Independence from the Government of the Republic of Indonesia
- White Lion Medal From Czechoslovakia
- The Gold Medal Of The Consecration Of The Vatican Holy See
- Collar Of The Order Of San Martin From The Government Of Argentina
- Medal Of The Order Of The Golden Spur Of The Vatican Holy See
- The Medal Of The Highest Order Of The Australian Government
- Philippine Legion of Honor From the Government of the Philippines
- Medal of Resistance, First Class From the Government of North Vietnam
- Order of The Condor of the Andes From the Government of Bolivia
- The Eighth Star of the Indonesian Armed Forces (APRI) From the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipura From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Guerrilla Stars From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Mahaputera Adipura From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Bhayangkara Utama From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Sakti From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Garuda Star From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Dharma From the Republic of Indonesia in 1959
- Bintang Jasa Utama From the Republic of Indonesia in 1963
- Proclaimer Hero of the Republic of Indonesia in 1983
- Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum From the Government of Japan 1961
Well, that’s the biography of Ir. Soekarno, whom Sinaumed’s needs to know as the young generation of the Indonesian nation. The best way to appreciate the services of the nation’s heroes is to recognize and study the history of their struggle. The story of the struggle of Ir. Soekarno for the Indonesian people gave us a lesson how valuable this nation is for us to protect.
Grades can take many positive values in Ir. Soekarno’s biography as an idealist, thinker, brave and persistent person not to give up easily. Soekarno has also made a major contribution to the development of the Indonesian nation to become the country it is today.
Book & Article Recommendations
If sinaumedia is interested in a more complete and extensive biography of Ir. Soekarno, you can visit sinaumedia’s book collection at www.sinaumedia.com . Grmaeds will find many references about Ir. Soekarno, from personal life, political progress, to Soekarno’s great thoughts. The following is a recommendation for sinaumedia books that Grandes can read so that he can get to know Soekarno better, a great figure who is the pride of the Indonesian nation: Enjoy studying. #Friends Without Limits