Examples of Deductive and Inductive Paragraphs – Basically, deductive paragraphs and inductive paragraphs have very different forms. These two types of paragraphs have a difference that lies in the main sentence. In simple terms, the main idea or sentence in a deductive paragraph is at the beginning of the sentence. Meanwhile, the main idea or sentence in an inductive paragraph is at the end of the sentence, which is the conclusion of the paragraph.
Because the two paragraphs are already different in form, the easiest thing to do to see the differences in this paragraph is from examples of deductive and inductive paragraphs. This article will focus on explaining examples of deductive and inductive paragraphs. However, not only that, you will also be invited to understand the meaning and characteristics of the two paragraphs, so that it will be easier to distinguish between them.
This article will also be very helpful for those of you who are confused about quickly determining ideas in a paragraph. By understanding the form of paragraphs (whether deductive paragraphs or inductive paragraphs) in a text or writing, you will easily and quickly determine the main ideas or ideas. This is because the form of the text basically has the main idea in the form of the main sentence conveyed by the author.
Paragraph itself can be understood as a composition of several sentences with an idea contained in it. Placement of ideas in a paragraph can usually be divided into 3 ways, namely deductive paragraphs, inductive paragraphs, and mixed paragraphs (deductive and inductive). Well, here is an explanation of examples of deductive and inductive paragraphs complete with their meanings and characteristics.
A. Deductive Paragraph
1. Definition of Deductive Paragraph
A deductive paragraph can be understood as a paragraph whose main idea or ideas are located at the beginning of the paragraph. Deductive paragraph itself usually consists of a general statement and then followed by a sentence that is as an explanatory. This can be interpreted as a discussion starting with something general and ending with a specific explanation.
In its use, the main sentence in a deductive paragraph can have a transition sentence form. In some deductive paragraphs that become paragraph transition sentences can be positioned in the second sentence. Therefore, readers who want to find the main ideas or ideas can be more thorough in reading deductive paragraphs.
Based on the concept of a deductive paragraph in the form of a transitional sentence from the Indonesian Language and Literature Study book, the following is an example of a transitional sentence in a deductive paragraph.
The activities of a writer can be likened to a farmer plowing fields in his field. Pak Tani will have more energy if he can meet his food and drink needs. If Mr. Tani experiences a shortage of food and drink intake, then he may become more easily tired, tired and sluggish. This can also apply to a writer. If the writer reads little and doesn’t do enough research, then the writer may easily run out of ideas or ideas to complement his writing material and is not sensitive to what is going on around him.
Now, from the example of a deductive paragraph in the form of a transitional sentence above, it can be seen that the first sentence follows the explanatory sentence, the second sentence and so on. This means that the first sentence has a role as a connector for the next explanatory sentence. That is the purpose of the transition sentence which has a function to connect the first sentence with the second sentence.
2. Characteristics of Deductive Paragraphs
After knowing about the meaning of deductive paragraphs, then of course you also need to know the characteristics of the meaning of deductive paragraphs. The following is an explanation of the characteristics of deductive paragraphs first. This needs to be done so that it is easier for you to distinguish between types of deductive paragraphs and inductive paragraphs.
a. The main idea is at the beginning of the paragraph.
The characteristics of the first deductive paragraph is a paragraph that has a deductive nature. These characteristics ultimately mean that deductive paragraphs have the main idea or ideas that are at the beginning of the paragraph or at the beginning of the sentence. This makes deductive paragraphs always have a main idea or idea that is located at the beginning of the sentence and is followed by a broad explanation of the contents of the paragraph. The purpose of placing the main idea or idea of the paragraph that is placed at the beginning is so that it becomes the basis for developing the contents of the paragraph.
b. Development Pattern From General To Specific.
The next characteristic of deductive paragraphs is the pattern of developing paragraphs from general to specific. As stated above that the main idea or idea of a deductive paragraph is at the beginning of the paragraph, then the pattern of sentence development can be done from general to specific sentences. Main ideas or ideas that have a general nature will be followed by supporting sentences that are specific. In these characteristics, supporting sentences are usually of a special nature containing explanations of examples or evidence that serve to support the main idea in the initial sentence.
c. Always begins with a general statement sentence.
The characteristics of the next deductive paragraph is the use of general statements at the beginning of the paragraph. These characteristics indicate that the way to determine a deductive paragraph can be seen from the beginning of the sentence which is marked with a general statement. Therefore, these characteristics are usually used to determine the type of paragraph.
d. Main Sentences Detailed.
The characteristics of the last deductive paragraph is a more detailed main sentence. The deductive paragraph itself has characteristics that make the main sentence in the paragraph more detailed through the explanatory sentence.
3. Examples of Deductive Paragraphs
After knowing and understanding the meaning and characteristics of deductive paragraphs, you can be sure that it will be easier to analyze deductive paragraphs. The following is an example of a deductive paragraph, where the main idea or main idea is located at the beginning of the sentence.
a. Deductive Paragraph Example 1
Shallots have a very complete nutritional content for the health of the body. In shallots, there are ingredients such as sodium, potassium, folate, vitamins A, C, E, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and many other good ingredients for the body. Therefore, consuming shallots is very good for maintaining a healthy body.
In addition to maintaining health, who would have thought that shallots are also very effective in preventing various diseases, one of which is cancer which is harmful to the body. Based on research conducted by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Italians and Swiss who frequently consume shallots have a lower risk of cancer.
b. Deductive Paragraph Example 2
Indonesia is the biggest archipelago country in the world. There are more than 17,000 islands in Indonesia, of which 7,000 are inhabited. As an archipelagic country with the largest area in the world, Indonesia has great potential to become the world’s maritime axis and provide great advantages for Indonesia in terms of waters.
B. Inductive Paragraph
1. Definition of Inductive Paragraph
If a deductive paragraph is a paragraph that places ideas or ideas at the beginning, then this will be different for inductive paragraphs. In an inductive paragraph, an explanation must appear first. This is because the pattern of presentation used in inductive paragraphs is to place specific explanatory sentences first to draw general conclusions. Well, it can be concluded that paragraphs are paragraphs that put ideas or ideas at the end of sentences, and have a form of explanation from specific to general. This conclusion can explain the difference between deductive paragraphs and deductive paragraphs.
The form of presentation of the paragraph above is basically made using an inductive paragraph creation pattern. However, making inductive paragraphs can be said to be easy, but it can also be said to be difficult. The reason is, in making an inductive paragraph, a writer must make a flow of explanation which aims to lead the reader to arrive at a final conclusion at the end of the paragraph.
Broadly speaking, sentences that contain ideas or ideas from inductive paragraphs are located at the end of the paragraph. Therefore, in making between sentences become more related and continuous. Conclusions in inductive paragraphs must use conjunctions that function as connectors between sentences. Phrases that you can use in inductive paragraphs are like so, finally, as a result, therefore, therefore, thus, and based on the description above. Conjunctions that function as connectors between sentences can be placed at the beginning by using a capital letter and can then be followed by punctuation in the form of a comma.
2. Characteristics of Inductive Paragraphs
After knowing about the meaning of inductive paragraphs, then you can understand the characteristics of understanding inductive paragraphs first. The following is an explanation of the characteristics of inductive paragraphs that need to be known, including:
a. Starting With a Special Sentence.
The first characteristics of inductive paragraphs are the use of special sentences at the beginning of paragraphs. Inductive paragraph itself has a form of presentation that starts with a special sentence at the beginning of the paragraph and then continues with a sentence that has a function as an explanation of the main or general idea or ideas. This means that in an inductive paragraph, a discussion of matters of a general nature will be written first and then a specific conclusion will be written.
b. Sentence Patterns Arranged From Specific To General.
The second feature of inductive paragraphs is the pattern of sentence arrangement from specific to general. The sentence pattern used in this inductive paragraph makes a special arrangement of paragraphs or sentences first. This makes the submission of details or some explanations that have a general nature can serve as specific statements or conclusions.
c. Main Sentences Are Conclusions.
The third characteristic of inductive paragraphs is the use of main sentences as conclusions. In the inductive paragraph itself, the conclusion has a general nature and delivery is placed at the end of the paragraph. This makes the writer must have the ability to provide specific explanations in advance in an interesting way. The goal is to attract the reader’s interest so that they actually read the writing or paragraph to come to a conclusion.
d. The main sentence is located at the end of the paragraph.
The fourth characteristic of an inductive paragraph is that the main sentence is at the end of the paragraph. In the inductive paragraph it has been explained that the explanatory sentence is at the beginning of the sentence or a more specific explanation. Meanwhile, general main sentences will be at the end of the sentence because they have a role as a conclusion.
3. Examples of Inductive Paragraphs
a. Inductive Paragraph Example 1
Learning in old age requires extra effort because the comprehension power possessed at this time is greatly reduced. Even the motivation that is owned has also weakened because of too much Learning in old age requires extra effort because the comprehension power possessed at this time has greatly reduced. Even the motivation that is owned has also been weakened because of too much.
From the paragraph above describes the special event first. The sentence above begins about learning in old age requiring extra effort because the comprehension power possessed in the future has been greatly reduced.
Then at the end of the sentence there is the main idea that explains the conclusion of the sentence. The end of the sentence, the motivation that has been weakened because there are too many.
b. Inductive Paragraph Example 2
The snow that falls from the sky provides a beautiful decoration for the earth. Several cities are conjured with shades of white, producing beautiful and alluring views for connoisseurs of beauty. The cold air is biting these areas with subtropical and temperate climates more and more. This is winter in the land of the rising sun.
The paragraph above begins with a special event, namely the snow that falls from the sky gives a beautiful decoration for the earth.
The topic sentence of the paragraph is This is winter in the land of the rising sun.
So the last paragraph is a general statement that becomes the topic sentence. The last sentence is more argumentative because it explains the facts, events, and data that are drawn into conclusions.
C. Other Paragraphs
Deductive and inductive paragraphs are basically types of paragraphs. Based on the type of paragraph itself, the types of paragraphs are basically deductive, inductive, deductive-inductive, inerative, and spreading.
1. Deductive-Inductive Paragraph (Mixed)
The type of deductive-inductive or mixed paragraph can be said to be a paragraph where the main sentence is located at the beginning and has a conclusion at the end of the sentence. This mixed paragraph itself usually starts with a general statement, the next sentence uses a special statement, and at the end of the sentence uses a general sentence.
Mixed Sentence Examples
Language is very important in our life. To communicate we use language. To work together we use language. To inherit and pass on culture, we need language. Once again, how important language is for our lives.
2. Inerative Paragraph
Apart from mixed paragraphs, the next type of paragraph is Inerative paragraphs. Inerative paragraph itself is a paragraph where the main sentence is located in the middle of the paragraph. This makes the initial sentence an explanatory sentence or introductory sentence, so that the main idea or idea of the inerative paragraph is added with an explanatory sentence for further information.
Inerative Paragraph Example
Mount Sinabung in North Sumatra erupts. The eruption of Mount Sinabung, Mount Kelud in East Java, has not yet subsided. Besides the volcano that erupted, flooding occurred in several areas. The capital city of Jakarta, like previous years, was hit by floods. NTT, which often experiences drought, is also hit by floods. Indonesia is indeed being hit by many calamities and disasters.
The example paragraph above can be found in the main sentence, namely Indonesia is indeed being hit by many calamities and disasters.
3. Paragraph Spread
Based on the opinion contained in the book Paragraph by Suladi, spreading paragraphs are paragraphs that have a main idea that spreads out as a main sentence. This makes the main idea of the paragraph implied in the sentences.
Spreading paragraph sentence examples.
The sun isn’t really high yet. The dew still glistens. The color of the flowers becomes very beautiful in the sun. You can see butterflies of various colors flying from one flower to another. The breeze was cool.
The main idea of a spreading paragraph is not at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. However, the reader must be able to find the conclusion of the sentence. The paragraph describes the bright morning atmosphere of the sentence depiction.