Inventor of Watches – Does Sinaumed’s like wearing watches? But does Sinaumed’s know who invented the first watch? Currently, watches are one of the most popular fashion trends with various types of models and advanced technology that complement them. Just like the discovery of other useful items, the invention of watches has also experienced a long journey. To understand it, here is an explanation of the history of the development and biography of the inventor of the watch:
History of the Development of Watches
The invention of the wristwatch for the first time has a long history in the history of clocks in the world. Today, it is natural to believe that the civilization of watch development began in Switzerland, but in fact, based on important records and testimonies from watch history, it came from a German man named Peter Henlein. Peter is considered the inventor of the watch and made the watch a luxury accessory of his time.
Looking at the world’s oldest wristwatch, the answer is one that belonged to Elizabeth I of England as a gift from Robert Dudley in the 16th century. The watch was a new watch or pocket watch at the time because it was a pocket watch with a leather bracelet and strap. The concept of a watch itself has existed since the 16th century in the form of a special watch given by Robert Dudley to Queen Elizabeth I of England to tuck into her arm.
However, many believe that the history of the watch cannot be separated from Abraham-Louis Breguet, creator of the first wristwatch for Napoleon’s sister and Queen Napoleon, Caroline Murat.
The form and function of the watch, which was originally a pocket watch or a chain, began to change into a wrist watch. Watches used for pointers were originally exclusively for women as jewelry.
In addition to their features and requirements, wristwatches have been used as part of strategic decisions in war since World War I. From 1923, John Harwood created the first self-winding wristwatch. It was manufactured in 1957 by Hamilton Watch Company (now part of The Swatch Group), a watch maker in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA. Hamilton’s watch still needed updating and in 1961 Hamilton updated the watch conductor.
The watch industry is developing in the United States, one of which is the Bulova Accutron watch. The technology developed by Bulova uses a vibrating tuning fork or tuning fork (a “U” shaped plate), to maintain the accuracy of the watch. The Bulova watch was launched in 1960.
Meanwhile, Switzerland is also increasingly challenged by the precision of the watch developed by Bulova. Ultimately, Switzerland took the lead in collaborative research by funding the Center Electronique Horloger (CEH) (now Center Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique (CESM)). The study focuses on watchmaking using quartz as a precision watchmaker.
In the past, quartz was used in large watches, but not in small ones. In 1967, CEH finally produced its first prototype of the quartz wristwatch. However, it was Seikola that created the Quartz Astron as the first mass-market quartz watch and pioneered the quartz technology used by watchmakers around the world, including Japan and the United States.
Biography of Peter Henlein, Inventor of the Watch
Portable watches with a spring or electric movement are designed to be carried or carried in a pocket. The first clock appeared shortly after 1500. It is an early copy by Peter Henlein, a locksmith in Nuremberg.
Henlein grew up in Nuremberg. His parents were the brass blacksmiths Peter and Barbara Henlein, who had lived in Nuremberg since 1461. He had an older brother, Herman Henlein, who became a butcher in 1496.
When he was young, he was apprenticed to a locksmith. At the time, locksmiths were one of the few craftsmen who had the skills and tools to enter the new field of watchmaking.
On September 7, 1504, a dramatic event occurred in the life of Peter Henlein. He enters the battle in which fellow locksmith Georg Glazer is killed. As one of the accused, he applied for asylum at the Nuremberg Franciscan Monastery.
During his asylum in the convent, he may have acquired a deeper knowledge of the watch-making industry. Author Ulrich Schmidt detailed and documented the history of the abbey where Henlein sought asylum between 1504 and 1508. In Henlein’s time, the abbey was magnificent. Many details about artisans and scholars are recorded in this book. For example, the monk Friedrich Craft built elaborate astrology at this monastery.
During Henlein’s time, many highly educated people, mathematicians and astronomers entered the monastery. In this way, Peter Henlein taps into the educational and intellectual environment of his craft, as well as new techniques and tools. Starting off, the accumulated knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, watchmaking, and history from the east reached Europe during the Middle Ages and early Renaissance.
Primarily through the trade routes and networks of the Caliphs from Muslim Spain and its centers of knowledge (i.e. Toledo), especially the Arabic and Greek to Latin translation movements, and later the Italian Renaissance, through the resulting Italian and Venetian merchants and their resonant effects.
In 1505 he invented the world’s first watch, a pomander gold plated. In November 1509, he became lord of the Town Locksmiths’ Guild . He is best known for making small portable brass watches with decorative springs.
It was extremely rare and expensive, as well as being popular with the nobility of the time, wearing it as a pendant or attaching it to clothing known as a pomander watch.
Peter Henlein is listed in the city archives as a supplier of small spring watches that were given as gifts to important people. He was the first craftsman to turn the dial into a “muskrat” called a pomander, which is a small vessel made of precious metal for perfumes and disinfectants. According to further accounts, Henlein sold a musk ball (Pomander) watch in 1524.
In 1529, Henlein visited Strasbourg on behalf of the Nuremberg Council and obtained the celestial sphere. Six years later, he made watches for the Nuremberg Council. He also built the clock tower of Lichtenau Castle in 1541 and is known as the creator of advanced astronomical instruments.
How Old Watches Work
Early watches were mainly made with German and French blowers, and were mostly worn either hand-held or on a neck chain. Usually they only have one hand for hours. The mainspring that powers the watch consists of flat spring steel bands that are compressed when bent or wound. When we wind the spring mechanism like a clock, the curvature of the spring increases and energy is stored.
This energy is transmitted to the vibrating part of the watch (called the balance wheel) by means of a gear train and an electric discharge, and the movement of the balance wheel itself controls the trigger of the watch and controls the time measurement of the watch.
Swipe actuation allows us to adjust the pointer. One of the major drawbacks to these ancient watches is the torque fluctuations applied by the royal ferns. In other words, the strength of a fern is greater when it is fully broken than when it is almost broken.
This problem is especially serious because watches with threshold escape are heavily affected by thrust. A solution to this problem was developed soon after the invention of the king’s fern (1450) using a fused, conical grooved pulley used in combination with a barrel filled with the king’s fern. In this arrangement, the mainspring is created and the barrel in which it is placed rotates. The clock rod is wound on top of it, which is then replaced by a chain, with the other end wound around the fuse.
When the mainspring is completely broken, the casing or chain is pulled to the minimum radius of the fuse cone. Lowering the mainspring gradually increases the size of the lever when pulling the casing or chain with a larger radius. The correct ratio of the ferns to locking radius maintains nearly constant torque when the ferns are released.
Later barrel runs, in which the main barrel drives the gear train directly, have been incorporated into all modern mechanical watches and have replaced the worm. As the quality of the balance spring is improved, torque fluctuations are minimized, and the balance spring and balance spring are properly adjusted to ensure precise timing.
Until around 1580, German watch hands were made almost entirely of iron. Around this time, brass was introduced. Early watches used a smooth wheel, called a balance wheel, to control the movement of the mechanism. It doesn’t experience any resistance. Therefore, the oscillation cycle, and therefore the timer clock rate, depends on the driving force. This explains the importance of backups.
Using a spring to control the vibration of a balance is an important step in the history of timekeeping. English physicist Robert Hooke designed the spring scale wrist watch in the late 1650s.
However, there seems to be no evidence that the spring is spiral. It is an essential element that is widely used. The Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens may have first designed a wristwatch with a spiral spring (1674–75).
Coil springs are thin strips of steel or other suitable spring material and are generally wound in a spiral. The inner edge is attached to the collet (small collar). This corresponds to the friction of the balance rod and the outer end being pressed against the pin attached to the movement.
This spring works in balance like a gravity pendulum. If the balance shifts to one side, the spring will break and energy will be stored. This energy is then brought back into balance, so when it is released, it swings a lot to the other side in much the same way.
In the absence of any damage to friction (air friction, internal spring material friction, shaft friction, etc.), the equilibrium will swing exactly the same amount on opposite sides and then indefinitely.
But because of this loss, the vibration completely disappeared. It is energy stored in the royal ferns and supplied unbalanced through the vibration-sustaining wheel slides and trigger.
The performance of this watch depends on the cyclic regularity of the balance vibration, that is, the regularity of its movement. The balance wheel is a wheel with a heavy rim, and the spring attached to it provides restoring torque.
Equilibrium has inertia depending on its mass and composition. The spring should ideally provide a restoring force that is directly proportional to the no load or displacement from zero.
The balance is mounted on a stem with a pivot and works with a high quality watch made of precious stones. Two gems are used at either end of the balance rod, one is hollowed out for storage and the other provides axial position by holding the domed end of the shaft. These are flat end stones. The effect of friction on the fulcrum affects how the watch performs in various positions. For example when lying down or hanging position.
The balance and the spring can be in the same position or “adjusted” by changing the return clutch of the spring or the moment of inertia of the balance. The first (much more common) case is generally accomplished by providing a pair of limiters attached to a moving index regulator which lengthens or shortens the counterweight spring as needed.
The second case, there is a screw on the opposite side of the balance edge. This screw withstands friction in the hole and can be pulled and stretched to adjust the inertia of the balance. “Free spring” watches have no adjusting indices, the only setting being the balance screw.
Modern Watches
Many modern mechanical watches use a lever lever invented by the British Thomas Mudge around 1755. This allows the balance to swing freely, the pulse is transmitted, the ferns are lifted by means of the slide and balance wheel. It evolved into a more modern form with the Clas Gear Gear car in the early 19th century, but did not become generally accepted until the early 20th century.
On a fine watch, the Mace’s drag wheel is made of hardened steel and the work surface is polished. An improved form of lever release is characterized by a double roller safety device in which the junction between the guard pin and the roller occurring below the roller is much deeper than in early single roll watches. As a result, there is less friction from impact when worn, fewer balance problems, and less risk of the timekeeping characteristics of the watch.
The most important method of watches today is the trigger lever. Moderate to high quality watches are used in jewel form, and steel pallet pins and less expensive watches (known as pallet pin watches) use a simplified fork and roller movement. For newer watch wheel trolleys the ratio of barrel to idler wheel should be around 1-4000.
There are four pairs of gears, and the ratio per pair is usually between 6:1 and 10:1. For reasons of space, the pinion requires a small number of blades (teeth), usually 6 to 12. This creates a lot of special gearing problems which are exacerbated by the subtlety of the watch’s pitch. Therefore, errors of center distance, shape, or concentricity are proportionally more important than with a larger wheelset .
The first patent for the use of jewelry in watches was granted in London in 1704. Diamonds and sapphires were used. Synthetic gems made from liquid aluminum oxide (aluminum oxide) powder are widely used today.
Watch jewelery is very sophisticated. The uniform outer diameter of the gemstone bearing is critical because it is pushed into a dimensionally accurate hole smaller than the gemstone itself and held there by friction.
The first patent for an automatic pocket watch was granted in London in 1780. An English invention patented in 1924, the Louis Recordon automatic watch contains a vibrating weight which rotates around a central movement and is connected to the barrel shaft by means of a reduction gear. The latest self-winding watches are equipped with a weight or rotor that rotates 360 degrees and winds in two directions.
Well, that’s an explanation of the history of the development and inventor of a watch named Peter Henlein who turned out to be a locksmith. If Sinaumed’s is interested in learning about other amazing discoveries in the world, then you can visit sinaumedia’s book collection at www.sinaumedia.com , such as the following book recommendations; Have a good study. #Friends Without Limits.