The Process of Menstruation – For women, menstruation is a guest who will always come. That’s why Sinaumed’s has to know a lot about menstruation. In practice, Sinaumed’s must have found many myths about the menstrual process. In order to stay safe to maintain health, we need to know well how the process of menstruation occurs.
Starting from the symptoms, the hormones involved, the possible medical problems. So that we can deal with myths about menstruation with medically proven facts. The following is an explanation of the process of menstruation that Sinaumed’s can watch until it’s finished:
Definition of Menstruation
Menstruation is bleeding in the uterus that flows out of the uterus and through the vagina. This condition is a woman’s normal menstrual cycle and usually occurs every month. Menstruation is sometimes also called menstruation or menstruation . The menstrual cycle is caused by hormonal fluctuations in a woman’s body. The menstrual cycle usually occurs every 28 days and lasts approximately 4 to 6 days.
The amount of blood that comes out during menstruation is 20-60 milliliters. There are many things that need to be known about menstruation, especially for women who have started to grow up because menstruation is an important thing in the human reproductive process.
The book #The Guest Comes Month by Maria Angela summarizes various facts and myths related to menstruation. Starting from medical discussions and mystical myths are also diskussed in this book.
The Process of Menstruation
The process of menstruation is the discharge of blood from the vagina due to the release of the uterine wall because the egg in the uterus is not fertilized by sperm. Menstruation usually occurs every 28 days.
However, every woman has a different menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle is a hormonal cycle that occurs in a woman’s body every month in preparation for pregnancy.
If pregnancy does not occur, the preparations that have been made before are shed and come out as blood, which is known as menstruation or menstruation. The process of menstruation occurs in four stages and usually repeats every month.
The menstrual cycle begins on the first day of menstruation and ends on the first day of menstruation in the following month. All women have different menstrual cycle lengths.
This cycle usually lasts 21 to 35 days and the average woman’s cycle lasts 28 days. During the menstrual cycle, the body goes through four stages, namely the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, the ovulation phase, and the luteal phase.
As soon as the luteal phase is over, the body enters the menstrual phase, a cycle that continues until a woman reaches menopause. The following is the process of menstruation from phase to phase.
1. Menstrual Phase
The menstrual period or phase is the first stage of the menstrual cycle. The beginning of this stage is marked by the discharge of menstrual blood from the vagina. The blood that comes out is endometrial tissue that sheds because it’s not pregnant.
Every month, a mother automatically prepares herself to get pregnant. Therefore, the body is ready to care for the baby so that the existing egg can grow safely if it is fertilized at any time.
One of the preparations made by the body is to thicken the lining of the uterus. This is because when an egg is normally fertilized, its cells attach to the uterine wall and grow there until they eventually become a fetus. If pregnancy does not occur, it is not used because the uterine wall is already thick. As a result, the network collapses on itself. Stool comes out as blood, which is known as menstrual blood.
That is why women do not have menstruation during pregnancy. This is because the thickened uterine wall tissue is actually used as a place for the baby’s growth and development later.
If the sperm does not fertilize the egg, the intima lining of the lining of the uterus (endometrium), which contains blood vessels, parietal cells, and mucus, will slough off and leak from the vagina during menstruation.
This stage begins on the first day of the menstrual cycle and can last 4 to 6 days. At this stage, women usually experience lower abdominal and back pain as the uterus contracts to shed the endometrium.
2. Follicular phase
The follicular phase is the second phase of the menstrual process. The onset of this stage is marked by the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland. With this hormone, the ovaries begin to produce small sacs called follicles that contain immature eggs. The oocyte then goes through a maturation process and not all of the cells survive.
Only the healthiest cells are truly mature. During that time, other cells are absorbed by the body. This stage continues from the first day of menstruation until the start of the ovulation stage. At this stage, the ovum, or ovary, produces follicles that contain eggs.
When the follicle grows, the endometrial wall also thickens which will ‘welcome’ the egg that is expected to be fertilized by sperm. This ripening process usually lasts for 16 days. However, the normal range of the follicular phase varies from 11 days to 27 days, depending on the length of the menstrual cycle.
3. Ovulation Phase
When the egg cell matures, the level of the hormone estrogen begins to increase in the body. This increase in estrogen triggers the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH). The presence of LH marks the beginning of the ovulatory period.
Ovulation is the process of releasing mature eggs from the ovaries into the fallopian tubes in the uterus, where they can be fertilized by sperm. During this period of ovulation, women are said to be in their fertile period.
During ovulation, the follicle produced by the ovary releases and fertilizes an egg. The mature egg moves down the fallopian tube to the uterus. This egg only lasts 24 hours. Without sperm fertilization, the egg will die. However, when the egg is fertilized with sperm, it becomes pregnant. The ovulation period shows the gestation period of a tall woman.
If you have sexual intercourse during the ovulation phase without using contraception, it will be more likely to get pregnant. The egg released during ovulation stays in the uterus for 24 hours. The cells then die or spread in the surrounding tissue, which doesn’t mean that you can only get pregnant one day a month.
This is because sperm can survive in the uterus for up to 5 days. Therefore, if you have sexual intercourse 3-4 days before ovulation, fertilization of the egg will occur and it is possible to get pregnant. In women with a 28-day menstrual cycle, ovulation usually occurs on the 14th day.
4. Luteal phase
The luteal phase is characterized by the formation of the corpus luteum from the follicle which houses the mature egg. After the egg is released into the uterus, the follicle turns into a corpus luteum, which secretes hormones, mainly estrogen and progesterone. Increased levels of these two hormones thicken the lining of the uterus and then function as a place for implantation or attachment of the egg when implantation by sperm is successful.
After a successful pregnancy, the body produces human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This is a hormone that is only present during pregnancy. This hormone is usually detected with a pregnancy test kit. This hormone helps regulate the corpus luteum and keeps the lining of the uterus thick and continues to function to secrete the hormones it needs.
Instead, if the pregnancy is unsuccessful, luteinoscriminum shrinks and absorbs the body. When this structure is lost, the levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease and the lining of the uterine wall sheds. When the uterine lining tissue begins to move forward, the monthly phase and cycle return to the repeat or first phase. After the ovulation stage, the follicle with the disrupted egg forms lutein at this stage.
Corpus Luteum breaks the hormone program to increase the uterine lining. This stage, also known as the premenstrual stage, is generally characterized by a variety of symptoms, including enlarged breasts, breakouts, weakness, frustration, or emotional distress. This menstrual process continues and ends when a woman enters menopause. Menopause usually occurs when a woman is over 40 years old.
The Process of Abnormal Menstruation
The normal course of menstruation can be seen from the length of the cycle and the length of menstruation. The normal menstrual cycle lasts 2135 days. However, if the cycle is shorter or longer than this period, it does not mean there is a break. Irregular menstrual cycles can be caused by various things, not all of which are dangerous. Menstrual blood usually comes out for 2 to 7 days.
Some women experience symptoms such as abdominal pain and cramps during and a few days before their menstrual cycle. However, others go through their menstrual cycle without experiencing any symptoms. The normal understanding of the menstrual process is arguably broad. Normal processes in your body are not always normal in other people’s bodies, and vice versa.
Therefore, when menstrual cycle disorders occur, a medical diagnosis is needed to find out the cause. So consult a doctor immediately if during the menstrual process, the following things appear.
- The menstrual process suddenly stops for almost more than three months, even though you are not pregnant.
- The menstrual cycle is suddenly a mess, even though it was regular before.
- Menstrual blood out for more than seven days.
- The volume of menstrual blood discharge is very large, so you have to change tampons or pads every two hours or even once an hour.
- The cycle of the process of menstruation occurs faster or slower than normal conditions that are usually experienced.
- Experiencing bleeding in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
- Suddenly the body feels feverish and sore after using tampons.
In practice, the process of menstruation is not uncommon to experience problems or disturbances. This book Bluntly Breast and Menstrual Disorders by Melinda D. Hapsari explores the problems or disorders that often occur in the process of menstruation. The explanation in this book is complete and practical tips for dealing with it.
Hormones that affect Menstruation
The process of menstruation can be successful because there are hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. Here are the hormones that play a role in each stage of menstruation that Sinaumed’s needs to know.
1. Estrogen Hormone
Estrogen is a hormone involved in the growth and maturation of the uterine lining which thickens during the luteal phase. At this stage, the level of estrogen in the body increases. When menstruation begins, estrogen levels fall again because the body no longer needs to make the lining of the uterus thick. Most of the estrogen in the body is produced in the ovaries, and a small part is produced in the adrenal glands and adipose tissue.
2. Progesterone hormone
Progesterone is a hormone that plays a major role in the luteal phase. At this stage, the hormone progesterone controls the growth of the lining of the uterus, maintaining its structure throughout pregnancy and preventing it from growing too much. If pregnancy does not occur, levels drop as the body enters the menstrual cycle.
3. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone produced in the pituitary gland of the brain and plays a role in stimulating ovarian follicles to produce mature eggs. The onset of production of the hormone FSH marks the start of the follicular phase. This usually lasts 16 days.
4. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Like the FSH hormone, LH hormone is also produced in the pituitary gland. With the LH hormone, the mature egg with the FSH hormone will be released into the uterus and can be fertilized, so this hormone also marks the start of the ovulation phase.
If Sinaumed’s is interested in learning about various medical matters regarding menstruation, including hormones and the syndromes involved in the process of menstruation, then you can read the book Healthy Nutrition Menstrual Syndrome by Nirmala Devi below at www.sinaumedia.com .
Symptoms that Appear During Menstruation
When a woman goes through her menstrual cycle, her body goes through changes in hormone levels. This condition can affect many things, including physically and emotionally, and can occur a few days before menstruation occurs when bleeding from the sex organs. Symptoms that occur before menstruation are also known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Symptoms that are sure to appear during menstruation include additional signs such as headaches, pimples, bloating, lower abdominal pain, fatigue, itchy skin, irritable mood, acne breakouts, thirst, excretion, chest pain, diarrhea, accompanied by bleeding. Sinaumed’s can learn the complete symptoms from the book Ready to Face Menstruation & Menopause written by Rudi Haryono.
How to Minimize Pain During Menstruation
Menstruation can generally cause quite disturbing symptoms, so it is important for Sinaumed’s to take steps not to disrupt their daily routine. Some things that work to relieve the symptoms you are experiencing include:
- Compress your lower abdomen with a warm water bottle or use a heating pad to help ease the pain
- Drink more water than and don’t consume anything containing salt or caffeinated drinks. This helps prevent swelling and water retention in the uterus
- Exercise regularly
- Eat a balanced diet rich in iron and calcium
- Take Vitamin E to help prevent inflammation and increase the body’s immune response
- Choose fun activities to relieve stress from menstruation
Treatment of menstrual pain depends on the following causes: Oral contraceptives, menorrhagia, use of IUDs, use of non-inflammatory steroids (NSAIDs). In addition to the methods above, other ways to relieve period pain include taking ibuprofen, aspirin, and over-the-counter painkillers to relieve pain and cramps.
So, that’s an explanation of the process of menstruation that Sinaumed’s can learn. This relates to a woman’s habit of recognizing herself in order to remain healthy in her reproductive process.
Learn more about the process of menstruation through the collection of books at sinaumedia.com . As #FriendsWithoutLimits, sinaumedia will always try to provide the best and most complete for Sinaumed’s.