Difference Between Dynamic and Static Memory Allocation
When it comes to writing programs, it is important to understand the different types of memory allocation. Memory allocation is the process of reserving a part of the computer’s memory for storing values and data. Two common types of memory allocation are dynamic and static memory allocation. In this article, we will go over the differences between these two types of memory allocation.
Static Memory Allocation
Static memory allocation is when the memory is allocated at the compile-time. This means that the programmer must know exactly how much memory will be needed for the program before it is compiled. In other words, the amount of memory allocated is fixed and cannot be changed during runtime. This type of memory allocation places a limit on the maximum size of the program.
A program that uses static memory allocation will have its memory data stored on the stack. The stack is a predetermined region in memory that is used for storing values and data. When a program is created, the compiler allocates a fixed size of memory for the stack. The stack size may depend on the hardware and operating system being used. The amount of memory is usually limited to a few kilobytes.
Dynamic Memory Allocation
Dynamic memory allocation is when the memory is allocated during runtime. This means that the programmer does not need to know the exact amount of memory required before compiling the program. In other words, the amount of memory allocated can be changed during runtime. This type of memory allocation does not place a limit on the maximum size of the program.
A program that uses dynamic memory allocation will have its memory data stored on the heap. The heap is a dynamic region in memory that is used for storing values and data. When a program is running, it can request more memory as it needs it. This allows the program to allocate memory dynamically, without knowing the exact amount that is required.
Differences Between Static and Dynamic Memory Allocation
The main difference between static and dynamic memory allocation is the time when memory is allocated. In static memory allocation, memory is allocated at compile-time. In dynamic memory allocation, memory is allocated at runtime. Another difference is the amount of memory that can be allocated. In static memory allocation, the amount of memory allocated is fixed and cannot change during runtime. In dynamic memory allocation, the amount of memory allocated can be changed during runtime.
Dynamic memory allocation is more flexible and can allocate memory as needed. Static memory allocation is simpler and faster, but it places a limit on the size of the program. Dynamic memory allocation is more complicated and slower, but it allows for more memory to be used.
In conclusion, understanding the differences between static and dynamic memory allocation is important when writing programs. Knowing when to use static memory allocation and when to use dynamic memory allocation is important in optimizing the performance and memory usage of a program.
Table difference between dynamic and static memory allocation
| Dynamic Memory Allocation | Static Memory Allocation |
|---|---|
| Memory is allocated during the runtime of a program. | Memory is allocated before the program runs. |
| Memory can be easily added or removed. | Memory cannot be easily added or removed. |
| Memory allocation is done using functions like malloc() and calloc(). | Memory allocation is done at compile time using keywords like static and const. |
| Memory is allocated on the heap. | Memory is allocated on the stack. |
| Dynamic memory allocation can cause memory leaks if not properly managed. | Static memory allocation does not cause memory leaks. |