The Difference Between Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases
Diseases can be categorized into two main types: communicable (infectious) diseases and non-communicable (non-infectious) diseases. Understanding the differences between the two types of diseases can help us prevent or lessen the chances of getting sick.
Communicable Diseases
Communicable diseases are illnesses caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, that can easily spread from one person to another through various means, such as touch, air, water, or food. Examples of communicable diseases include influenza, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19.
The transmission of communicable diseases can be prevented or reduced through vaccination, wearing masks, practicing good hygiene such as washing hands regularly, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and implementing quarantine measures when needed.
Non-Communicable Diseases
Non-communicable diseases, on the other hand, are medical conditions that are not caused by infectious agents but by other factors such as lifestyle, genetics, and environmental factors. These diseases tend to develop slowly and may worsen over time.
Examples of non-communicable diseases include diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases. These diseases are often associated with modifiable behavioral risk factors such as unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption.
The prevention and management of non-communicable diseases typically require a combination of lifestyle changes (e.g. healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation), medication or other medical interventions, and regular medical check-ups.
The Bottom Line
In summary, communicable diseases are caused by infectious agents and can easily spread from person to person, while non-communicable diseases are not caused by infectious agents but by other factors, such as lifestyle and genetics. Preventing communicable diseases requires measures such as vaccination and hygiene practices, while preventing non-communicable diseases involves lifestyle changes and regular medical check-ups. Knowing the differences between these two types of diseases can help us reduce our risk of getting sick and live healthier lives.
Table difference between communicable and non communicable diseases
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Communicable Diseases | Non-Communicable Diseases
—|—
Spread from one person to another through contact with bodily fluids, air or surfaces | Non-transmissible from one person to another
Caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites | Developed due to genetic factors, environmental factors or lifestyle choices
Tend to have a sudden onset and may resolve spontaneously or with treatment | Typically a chronic condition that develops slowly and may require long-term medical management
Examples include infectious diseases like influenza, tuberculosis, measles, and HIV | Examples include chronic illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, asthma, and dementia
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