All Wheel Drive vs. Four Wheel Drive: What’s the Difference?
When it comes to purchasing a new vehicle, one of the most common questions that car buyers ask is what the difference is between all wheel drive (AWD) and four wheel drive (4WD). Both drivetrain configurations are designed to provide enhanced traction, stability and control in poor road conditions, but there are some key differences between the two that you should be aware of before making your decision.
All Wheel Drive (AWD)
As the name suggests, all wheel drive refers to a setup where all four wheels of the vehicle are powered by the engine at all times. The power is typically distributed between the front and rear wheels, and varies depending on the driving conditions. In most AWD vehicles, the distribution of power is controlled electronically by a system that senses which wheels need more or less power at any given time.
The main advantage of AWD is that it provides better traction and handling in a variety of driving conditions, including wet, snowy or icy roads. AWD vehicles are also generally considered to be more fuel-efficient than 4WD vehicles because they only send power to the wheels that need it, rather than powering all four wheels all the time.
Four Wheel Drive (4WD)
Four wheel drive is a system where the engine powers all four wheels of the vehicle all the time. This means that 4WD vehicles provide excellent traction and stability in off-road conditions and slippery surfaces, but they are generally not as maneuverable as AWD vehicles. In order to operate 4WD effectively, the driver must engage the system manually using a switch, lever or button.
4WD vehicles are typically used by people who need to drive off-road regularly, such as farmers or construction workers. They are also popular with outdoor enthusiasts who enjoy hiking, camping or fishing in remote locations where a rugged vehicle is necessary.
Which is Better?
When it comes to deciding whether to choose an AWD or a 4WD vehicle, there is no clear winner. Both systems have their advantages and disadvantages and are designed for different types of driving conditions. If you live in an area with moderate weather conditions and need a vehicle for commuting and daily driving, an AWD vehicle is likely the best choice for you. If you frequently drive off-road or in areas with harsh weather conditions, a 4WD vehicle may be a better choice.
Ultimately, the decision to choose an AWD or 4WD vehicle depends on your individual needs and preferences. Both systems are designed to enhance the performance, safety and control of your vehicle and can provide you with years of enjoyable driving.
Table difference between all wheel drive and four wheel drive
| Feature | All Wheel Drive | Four Wheel Drive |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | All four wheels receive power from the engine at all times, but the amount of power may be distributed differently based on traction. | All four wheels receive power from the engine, but the driver can switch between two-wheel and four-wheel drive depending on driving conditions. |
| Usage | More commonly used on cars and crossovers for improved handling and traction on pavement. | More commonly used on trucks and SUVs for off-road capabilities. |
| Traction | Provides better traction and cornering stability, especially in inclement weather. | Provides better traction in off-road and low-grip situations. |
| Fuel efficiency | May reduce fuel efficiency due to the additional power sent to all four wheels. | May reduce fuel efficiency when in four-wheel drive mode due to the added weight and drag on the drivetrain. |
| Cost | Less expensive to produce and often standard on modern cars. | More expensive due to additional equipment and technology. |