Chronological Conjunctions – The use of chronological conjunctions is made something that is “mandatory”, especially when compiling texts. Let’s say there is an explanatory text that makes the use of this chronological conjunction a part of its linguistic conventions. But unfortunately, some people have not been able to distinguish it from causality conjunctions.
Although both are part of conjunctions or connecting words, chronological conjunctions, of course, have specific characteristics. Not only that, its use must also adjust to the context of the existing sentence, because it relates to adverbs of time. Then actually, what is a chronological conjunction? What are the characteristics of chronological conjunctions that distinguish them from causal conjunctions? How about an example of applying chronological conjunctions in a sentence? So, so that Sinaumed’s understands this, let’s look at the following review!
Definition of Chronological Conjunctions
Basically, a chronological conjunction is a conjunction that connects two or more clauses, which describes the time sequence of events. Chronological conjunctions are also known as temporal conjunctions. Examples of chronological conjunctions that are commonly found in texts are then, after that, then, finally, and many more. The text which makes this chronological conjunction as part of the linguistic conventions is an explanatory text. This is because explanatory texts actually have to be patterned chronologically so that they will use many consecutive time adverbs in the sentences.
This chronological conjunction is not only in the form of because, so, then, and so on. This conjunction can also be the name of the day or month to explain the sequence of events in the sentence, for example, Monday, this year, next week, next year, February, and many more.
If it has been applied in a sentence, especially one that describes the order of events, then ,this chronological conjunction will usually be inserted with punctuation marks if necessary. This is so that the sentence to be conveyed does not have a double meaning and is in accordance with the existing context.
Through several sources, this chronological conjunction is almost the same as the subordinate conjunction of time. The subordinating conjunction of time is a conjunction whose function is to connect two clauses to explain the existence of adverbs of time. Now, based on the time of occurrence, the use of chronological conjunctions can be classified into three things: beginning, concurrent, sequential, and ending. The following is a description of the classification of these chronological conjunctions.
1. Beginning
This initial chronological conjunction will explain when an event begins, usually found in the main part of the sentence. The temporal conjunctions of this type are since and since. Examples of its application in sentences:
- Kirino has loved volleyball since he was six years old.
- Sabda has started to show his talent since he was a child.
2. Simultaneously
This type of chronological conjunction connects two sentences that take place at the same time. Conjunctions in this type are for example: when, during, while, while, while, and while. Examples of its application in sentences:
- Hendery watched television while holding a piece of paper.
- Kun was reading the newspaper while eating his breakfast.
- Evan felt sad when his brother left him alone in the shopping center.
3. In order
This type of chronological conjunction will later be used to join two clauses with a continuous time sequence. Conjunctions in chronological conjunctions of type are according to, after, before, so, and finished. Examples of its application in sentences:
- Mark asked us all to pray before going to sleep.
- Meta immediately left the classroom after hearing the news of his grandmother’s death.
4. Deadline
In this type of chronological conjunction, it can be until and until. Examples of its application in sentences:
- Luke continued to study until evening.
- You have to look hard until your dream comes true.
Characteristics of Chronological Conjunctions
Of course, the existence of chronological conjunctions is different from causal conjunctions. The most striking difference is the chronological conjunctions connecting the time sequence of events in a sentence or clause. Meanwhile, causality conjunctions connect clauses or sentences regarding the causes and effects of events.
So, here are some of the characteristics of chronological conjunctions commonly found in a sentence or clause.
- Placement is usually at the beginning or middle of the sentence.
- It can act as a link between the clause and the main clause.
- Shows that the sentence will be related in terms of time.
- If placed in the middle of a sentence, there will be a comma accompanying it. Meanwhile, if it is placed at the beginning of the sentence, its existence does not require a comma.
Functions of Chronological Conjunctions
Please note, Sinaumed, that the existence of this chronological conjunction does not only function in explanatory texts. Many texts also use and make this chronological conjunction a part of their linguistic conventions. Well, here is the function of chronological conjunctions in sentences.
- It describes a process or phenomenon, especially those related to the sequence of events, so that the explanation conveyed is more perfect.
- Functions in preparing news texts because it relate to the sequence of events for a particular event.
- It can be used to create plays, short stories, or other narrative texts, especially those that show the time sequence of events.
Types of Chronological Conjunctions
Based on the sentence
As with other conjunctions or connecting words, this chronological conjunction has several types: chronological meetings that are equal and chronological conjunctions that are not equal. So, here is a description of the kinds of chronological conjunctions.
1. Equivalent Chronological Conjunctions
This type of chronological conjunction is equivalent or equivalent. That is, the placement should not be at the beginning or end of the sentence but must be in the middle of the sentence. If this type of chronological conjunction is placed at the beginning or end of a sentence, it will cause the sentence to be too complex for the reader to understand. Here are some equivalent chronological conjunctions that are commonly found in sentences:
- Previously
- Furthermore
- So
- Then
- after
2. Chronological Conjunctions Not Equal
The second type of chronological conjunction is the unequal. This type of chronological conjunction can be used to connect compound sentences. In its use, it can be placed at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. So, here are some chronological conjunctions that are not equal.
- When
- Since
- sake
- Until
- Temporary
- If
- While
- Moment
- When
Based on its Use
1. Then
The term ‘later’ means ‘later’. This chronological conjunction can be used to connect parts of other clauses that follow later. Therefore, its use will be related to the different times of occurrence in the two clauses. In addition, this chronological conjunction is located in the middle of the sentence. Examples of its application in sentences:
- I went to the concert at 5 pm, then immediately rushed to the station to go home.
- My sister was playing in the yard, then suddenly cried because she tripped over a rock.
2. After or After
The conjunctions after and after that have the same meaning. Therefore, both can also be placed at the beginning of the sentence by using a comma after it. Examples of its application in sentences:
- After the evening prayer, Arkie rushed to Felix’s house to work on a joint project.
- After leaving class, Taki went straight to the cafeteria to eat lunch.
3. At First
This chronological conjunction has almost the same meaning as ‘first.’ Usually used in procedure text and placed at the beginning of a sentence as a marker that the clause or sentence will begin. Examples of its application in sentences:
- First, bring water to a boil in a saucepan over medium heat.
- First, clean the cut chicken with running water.
4. Meanwhile
The use of this chronological conjunction is usually to indicate that there are two clauses in a sentence that co-occur. When the first clause occurs, the second clause will appear simultaneously, even though there will be several minutes later. Examples of its application in sentences:
- I didn’t bring any books. Meanwhile, Mino didn’t get his drawing book either.
- My dad is washing clothes. Meanwhile, Mother is busy ironing clothes for tomorrow’s meeting.
Examples of Using Chronological Conjunctions in Sentences
- Launching the Antara page, from observations on the ground, since 7.30 WIB, the water level has continued to increase, and several schools have been forced to send their students home because the school was hit by flooding.
- The water has not receded, and residents are still staying in their homes, waiting for it to recede.
- Meanwhile, the Head of the BPBD for Limapuluh Kota Regency, Jhoni Amir, said that currently the BPBD team is at the location where the landslide occurred.
- Seeing the gap, the driver forced his way across the railroad crossing until he was hit by a passing train.
- Wash the dishes first until clean, then rinse using running water.
- Chen washed his feet after circling the beach.
- While playing basketball with his friends, Johnny went to the river to bathe after playing hard.
- Arriving at the shopping center, Karina immediately bought spices and dish soap.
- The students immediately scrambled to leave the class after the recess bell rang.
- Giselle’s father always returns to his office before dinner.
- Yeji was only allowed by her father to ride a motorcycle after graduating.
- First, help Mom cook in the kitchen, and then you can play with friends.
- Wendy will be home before sunset, according to her father’s advice.
- The cough medicine can be taken after breakfast.
- Usually, Mrs. Vernon would go to the market after her morning prayers.
- Today, Neo turned to me, smiling at me, too.
- You must hurry to school before it’s too late, or the security guard will punish me later.
- The children who played ball all day in the field finally returned home after dusk.
Get to know the definition of conjunctions in general
In that case, “conjunction” relates to matters in linguistics, defined as “a word or expression connecting words, between phrases, clauses, and sentences. “ These conjunctions are called conjunctions, terms used to connect words with words, clauses with clauses, or sentences with sentences. Then, Kridalaksana also argues that conjunctions are particles used to combine words, phrases with phrases, clauses with clauses, sentences with sentences, or paragraphs with paragraphs.
From some of the opinions of these experts, it can be concluded that conjunctions alias conjunctions are words that are usually used to connect words with words, clauses with clauses, sentences with sentences, and paragraphs with paragraphs in writing, both text and literature. Common examples of conjunctions are and, or, as well as, with, but, even, and so on.
Conjunction Functions in General
The existence of conjunctions as conjunctions has a primary function, especially in connecting words, clauses, or sentences with different positions. Well, here is the description!
1. To Connect Words, Clauses, or Sentences of Equal Position
In this function, conjunctions are used as a connecting word that connects words, clauses, or sentences with an equal or equivalent position. The conjunction in this function is.
- Combine typically in the form of: and, with, as well as.
- Combines selects, which are either or.
- Combining contrasting, namely in the form of: but whereas, on the contrary.
- Combining fixes, i.e., of the form: instead, only.
- Combining enforce, namely in the form of even, even (in fact), and let alone.
- Combining restricts, i.e., of the form: except, only.
- Combining sort, namely in the form: then, then, next.
- Combining equates in the form of namely, that, is, is.
- Combining concluded in the form of: so, therefore, because of that.
2. To connect clauses that are not equal
In this case, the existence of conjunctions serves to connect clauses that have unequal status, aka multilevel. The conjunctions in this function are:
- Stating the cause, namely in the form of motivation, because.
- Stating conditions, namely in the form of if, if, if, if, when, when.
- State the purpose, namely in the form of: in order, so that.
- Expresses time in the form of when, while, before, after, when.
- Declare the effect in the form of until, until, until.
- Stating goals, namely in the form of for, for.
- Stating comparisons in the form of like, as, as.
Meanwhile, other conjunctions state the relationship between words, phrases, and clauses that are often found in high school language learning books, namely in the form of:
- Expressing causal relationships: because, because, because of that, because of that.
- Expressing causal relationships: So, until, then.
- Stating conditional relationships: if, if, if, origin.
- Expressing unconditional relations: even though, even though, even though.
- Declare a preferred relationship: or.
- Stating comparative relations: as, as, as if, like, for example, then.
- Stating power relations: even, moreover.
- Stating detail relationships: i.e., is, i.e., is.
- Stating the affirmation relationship: that.
- Declare an ordering relationship: first, then, then.
- Declare a limiting relationship: unless, apart from, origin.
- Declare an example marker relationship: for example, for example, for example.
- Stating the relationship of priority markers: the important, the main, the most important, especially.
- Stating a correlative relationship:
- more….more….
- more….more…
- not only…but also…
- in such a way… so…
- neither…nor…
So, that’s an overview of chronological conjunctions and the types that can be applied in a sentence. Has Sinaumed paid attention to the existence of this chronological conjunction when compiling a sentence in the text?