Difference between Antigen and PCR Test – Which is the Best Test for Covid-19?
The Covid-19 pandemic has brought the world to a standstill and has forced us to adopt new ways of life. One such way is the widespread use of Covid-19 tests. Covid-19 tests are essential in identifying and isolating infected individuals. Two of the most commonly used tests are Antigen and PCR tests. In this article, we’ll discuss the differences between the two and which one is the best test for Covid-19.
What is Antigen Test?
Antigen tests are rapid diagnostic tests that detect the proteins on the surface of the virus. They are quick and can produce results in as little as 15 minutes. These tests are commonly used in outpatient settings, clinics, and hospitals. Antigen tests are inexpensive and can be performed on-site. However, the accuracy of the test is lower in comparison to the PCR test.
What is PCR Test?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests use a laboratory technique to detect the genetic material of the virus. The test involves taking a sample from the nose, throat or mouth of the patient, and then amplifying the sample to detect the virus’s RNA. PCR tests are highly sensitive and specific, meaning they are more accurate than the antigen tests. However, these tests can take several days to produce results, and they can be more expensive than antigen tests.
Which One is Better?
Both the antigen and PCR tests have their advantages and disadvantages. Antigen tests are quicker, cheaper, and more convenient to use. However, they have a higher likelihood of producing false negatives, meaning they may miss an active infection. PCR tests are highly accurate, but they are more expensive, take a longer time to produce results, and require laboratory infrastructure.
In conclusion, the choice of the right Covid-19 test depends on many factors, such as the availability of resources, the prevalence of the virus, and the urgency of the situation. While antigen tests are useful for mass testing in community settings, PCR tests are ideal for diagnosing active infections in hospital settings. It’s essential to understand the limitations of each test to make an informed decision. Stay safe and maintain social distancing!
Table difference between antigen and pcr test
| Antigen Test | PCR Test |
|---|---|
| Tests for presence of virus proteins | Tests for presence of virus RNA |
| Results are available in minutes | Results take several hours to days |
| Less sensitive than PCR | More sensitive than antigen |
| Cheaper than PCR | More expensive than antigen |
| Can potentially produce false negatives | Has lower risk of producing false negatives |
| Primarily used for screening in high-risk populations | Primarily used for diagnosis of suspected cases and confirmation of antigen test results |