Understanding the Differences between Seas and Oceans:
When it comes to nature’s vast waterbodies, seas and oceans are often used interchangeably. However, there are significant differences between the two that should not be ignored. Understanding these differences is crucial to appreciate the diversity of our planet’s water resources better. In this article, we’ll explore the features that distinguish seas from oceans.
Definition:
An ocean is a vast and continuously saline body of water that covers more than 70% of the Earth’s surface. It’s divided into five water bodies, namely the Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern Oceans. The ocean has an average depth of 12,000 feet, with the deepest known point being the Mariana Trench, which is more than 36,000 feet deep.
On the other hand, a sea is a smaller part of the ocean that is surrounded by land on three sides. In other words, a sea is like an enclosed section of the larger ocean that is usually connected to it through narrow pathways called straits or channels. Some examples of seas include the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Black Sea.
Size:
One of the most significant differences between seas and oceans is their size. Oceans are vast waterbodies that cover most of the Earth’s surface, while seas are much smaller sections within these waterbodies. The Pacific Ocean, for instance, is about 60 million square miles wide and has an average depth of 12,080 feet. In contrast, the Mediterranean Sea is about 970,000 square miles wide and has an average depth of 4,900 feet.
Salinity:
Salinity is another significant feature that distinguishes seas from oceans. Oceans are saltier than seas, which makes them less hospitable to marine life. The average salinity level in oceans is about 35 parts per thousand, while in seas, it is less than 35 parts per thousand. This is mainly because seas are often connected to freshwater sources like rivers or have a large ice cover that melts and dilutes the water.
Location:
Oceans are vast waterbodies that are located in different parts of the planet. Some oceans, such as the Atlantic and the Indian, are located between continents, while others, such as the Arctic and the Southern, are situated closer to the Earth’s poles. On the other hand, seas are much smaller and are typically located near the coastlines of continents, such as the Mediterranean or the Caribbean Sea.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, seas and oceans are terms often used interchangeably to refer to the Earth’s vast water resources. However, as we have seen, there are significant differences between the two, including size, salinity, and location. Understanding the differences between the two is crucial to help us appreciate the beauty and diversity of our planet’s waterbodies.
Table difference between a sea and ocean
| Sea | Ocean |
|---|---|
| A body of saltwater that is partially enclosed by land | The largest bodies of saltwater on Earth, covering 71% of the planet’s surface |
| Smaller in size and depth than oceans | Larger in size and depth than seas |
| Examples include the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and Caribbean Sea | Examples include the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean |
| May have limited biodiversity due to their size and location | Support a vast array of marine life due to their vast size and diversity of habitats |