The Differences between Diarrhea and Dysentery
Diarrhea and dysentery are two of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. Both conditions come with similar symptoms such as abdominal cramps, nausea, and dehydration, but the underlying causes, diagnosis, and treatment for each condition vary significantly. This article explains the differences between diarrhea and dysentery.
What is Diarrhea?
Diarrhea is a condition characterized by frequent bowel movements, loose and watery stools, and an urgent need to use the bathroom. It is usually caused by bacterial or viral infections, food poisoning, or consumption of contaminated food or drinks. In some cases, diarrhea can also be a symptom of an underlying health condition such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or lactose intolerance.
What is Dysentery?
Dysentery is a severe form of diarrhea, which is caused by the inflammation of the colon and the rectum. It is typically caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella, Salmonella, or Campylobacter, and it is characterized by severe abdominal pain, fever, and blood, mucus, or pus in the stools. Dysentery can be potentially life-threatening, especially in young children and older adults, and it requires prompt medical attention.
The Differences between Diarrhea and Dysentery
While diarrhea and dysentery share some similar symptoms, there are several key differences between them. Here are some of the most notable differences:
- Stool Characteristics: Diarrhea stools are usually loose and watery, while dysentery stools are bloody, mucusy, and sometimes contain pus.
- Severity of Symptoms: Dysentery tends to cause more severe symptoms than diarrhea, including high fever, abdominal cramps, and dehydration.
- Cause: Diarrhea can be caused by various factors such as viral, bacterial infections or food poisoning, whereas dysentery is mainly caused by bacterial infections.
- Risk of Complications: Dysentery is more likely to cause complications than diarrhea such as dehydration, sepsis, and perforation of the intestinal wall.
- Treatment: Treatment of diarrhea focuses mainly on rehydration, while treatment of dysentery often requires antibiotics or other prescription medication.
Conclusion
Diarrhea and dysentery are two common gastrointestinal disorders that can cause significant discomfort and inconvenience. Although they share some similar symptoms, the causes, diagnosis, and treatment for each condition vary significantly. If you experience any of the symptoms of diarrhea or dysentery, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible to avoid potential complications.
Table difference between diarrhea and dysentery
| Diarrhea | Dysentery | |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Loose, watery stools that occur more frequently than usual | A type of diarrhea that is accompanied by blood and mucus in the stool |
| Cause | Can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection, food intolerance, or medication side effects | Most commonly caused by bacterial infections such as Shigella, Campylobacter, or E. coli |
| Symptoms | Abdominal cramping, nausea, and dehydration | Abdominal cramping, fever, and the presence of blood and mucus in the stool |
| Treatment | Rehydration with water and electrolyte solutions, and medication for underlying causes | Antibiotic treatment for bacterial infections, and rehydration with water and electrolyte solutions |